高中英语 Unit16 状语从句语法考点超级归纳素材.DOC

unit16 状语从句语法考点超级归纳在复合句中作状语的句子叫做状语从句。状语从句可位于主句前，也可位于主句之后。状语从句可表示时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较、目的等。考点一：时间与条件状语从句状语从句类别从属连词例句时间when, whenever, since, after, as, while, before, as soon as, till, until, once, no sooner . than, hardly / scarcely . whentom was playing computer games when his mother found him. 汤姆的妈妈找到他时，他正在玩电脑游戏。it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.不久，他准备去新的岗位上班了。hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we forgot our map in the room. 第二天早晨我们刚离开宿舍，就想起把地图忘在房间里了。i normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off. 我通常醒来大约五分钟后闹钟就响了。as soon as i hear my alarm clock, i jump out of my bed. 我一听到闹钟响就从床上跳了起来。once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 一旦她下了决心，就没有什么能改变。since it began in 1951, we have given awards to films from all around the globe. 自从它于1951年开始后，我们也给来自全球的影片颁奖。i didnt go to bed until all my homework had been finished.我一直到所有的作业做完时才上床睡觉。条件if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that, in caseif they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years. 如果他们违法，就会被判两年监禁。if less carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere, global warming will slow down. 如果少向大气中排放二氧化碳，全球变暖就会有所缓解。its ok to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not, turn it off! 只要你在用电器，就可以让它开着，如果不用，就把它关掉！注意：在时间和条件状语从句中，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。考点二：目的与结果状语从句状语从句类别从属连词例句目的that, so that, in order that, for fear that, in casebetter take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿点衣服，以防天变冷。but i try to work hard so that i can make more money for them. 但是我得尽力努力工作，这样我才能为他们挣更多的钱。in order that we might get there on time, we should set out early.为了能够准时到达那里，我们应该早点动身。结果that, so that, sothat, suchthathe made such rapid progress that he soon began to write articles in english. 他进步非常快，不久就开始用英语写文章了。he spoke so fast that nobody could understand what he was saying.他说得太快，没有人能够听懂他在说什么。考点三：原因与让步状语从句状语从句类别从属连词例句原因because, since, as, now thatas his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth. 因为他的母亲非常爱好音乐，所以他从一出生就与音乐相伴。now that helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多使用它们。im trying to lose weight because im so ashamed of my body. 我正在努力减肥，因为我的体形让我觉得难为情。让步though, although, as, whether, even if, even though, however, whatever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ who / wherealthough many americans move a lot, they still recognize each others dialects. 虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别彼此的方言。child as she is, she knows quite a few foreign languages.尽管她还是个小孩，她懂得好几门外语。quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing. 不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。today, athletes from around the world can take part, no matter what language they speak. 如今，世界各地的运动员，不管他们讲什么语言，都能参加竞技了。however good an advertisement is, people are unlikely to be persuaded if the product is unsuitable for them. 无论广告做得多么好，如果产品不适合，人们也不可能信服。wherever he went he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas. 不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本，随时记下自己的想法。考点四：地点、方式与比较状语从句状语从句类别从属连词例句地点where, whereveri found my wallet where i walked. 我在我走过的地方找到了钱包。where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。方式as, (just) asso, as if, as though, the way, howas water is to fish, so air is to man. 人离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。we feel as if there is no gravity at all.我们好像一点儿也感觉不到地球引力了。for example, when in rome, do as the romans do suggests you should adapt to local conditions. 例如，“入乡随俗”表明你得适应当地的环境。he refuses to spend time with us or do as we tell him. 他拒绝和我们在一起，也不按照我们说的去做。sometimes he acts as though he doesnt even love us at all. 有时他表现得好像根本不爱我们。i think you look great as you are. 我觉得你目前的样子就很酷。比较asas, than, not as / so . asthere is nothing in the world as important as youth!世界上再没有什么比青春更重要了。some children have more difficulty learning than others. 有些孩子学习起来比别的孩子吃力。ive studied quite a few languages, and none of them are as easy for me as english. 我已经学了很多种语言，对我来说没有一种像英语那样容易。imagine you can speak english as fluently as you speak your first language. 试想一下你说英语可以和说母语一样流利。注意：类别用法说明例句when, while, as的用法区别when既可指时间的一点，也可指时间的一段；while常表示一段时间或一个过程，强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生；as通常表示动作发生的过程，而不表示状态，有时可与when互换，有“随着”，“一边一边”等意when we arrived at the airport, it was seven oclock. 我们到达机场时是七点钟。dont talk while you are eating. 吃饭时别谈话。we talked as we walked along. 我们边走边谈。how can i describe my emotions when i saw this happen? 该怎样描述我看见这一切发生时内心的感受呢？名词词组起从属连词的作用the moment, the instant, the minute, the first time, each time, every time等以及副词immediately, instantly等也可引导时间状语从句the moment he went out, it began to rain. 他一出门就下雨。i felt bad the first time i talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。every time i met her, she was playing the piano.每次我看见她时，她都在弹钢琴。for是并列连词连接并列分句，虽然也可以表示原因，但不表示直接的原因，只是对前一分句作附带解释或说明it must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨夜一定下雨了，因为地是湿的。as if与as though as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引导的状语从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大they completely ignore these facts as if / as though they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）it looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。though, althoughthough, although引导让步状语从句时，主句前不能有but，但是 though / although和yet可连用although its raining, yet they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。as引导让步从句须将从句中的表语、状语等提到句首child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是个小孩，该做什么不做什么，他全知道。young as he is, he is so experienced. 虽然很小，但他经验很丰富。so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语部分常有情态动词can, may, could等；引导结果状语从句时，从句的谓语部分一般没有情态动词we got up early so that we could catch the train. 我们起得早，以便能赶上火车。we got up early so that we caught the train.我们起得早，结果赶上了火车。where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区分where引导的定语从句前面必须有一个表示地点的名词作先行词youd better make a mark where you have any questions. （地点状语从句）youd better make a mark in the place where you have any questions. （定语从句）你最好在你有问题的地方做个记号。it is/has been+时间+since从句在此句型中如果从句中谓语动词是短暂性动词的过去式，意思是“自从该动作开始已多长时间了”；如果从句中谓语动词是延续性动词的过去式，意思是“自从该动作结束已多长时间了”its three years since he joined the army. 他入伍已三年了。its three years since he was in the army. 他退伍已三年了。（不在服役了）no matter what= whatever“疑问词+后缀ever”可由“no matter +疑问词”代替whatever happened, he would not mind. = no matter what happened, he would not mind. 不管发生什么事，他都不在意。no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = howeverunless与if notunless = if notyoull be late unless you hurry. = youll be late if you dont hurry. 如果你不快点，你就会迟到。so that与such thatso that与such that可以相互转换she is such a good t