托福阅读否定事实信息题如何解答.docx

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读否定事实信息题如何解答 摘要： 托福阅读题型中有一类为否定事实信息题，这类题型在托福考试中经常出现，所以考生在备考时应该对这类题型专门备考，因此我们请小马托福名师为大家讲解托福阅读否定事实信息题如何解答。 扫描二维码获取资料：【IBT 托福 阅读难点关键句200句】 否定事实信息题长得非常好辨识，问题标志词为EXCEPT或NOT，题干要求在四个选项中选出一个和题干去掉EXCEPT或NOT之后所叙述内容不相符合的选项(听起来好绕，以下简称“去否题干”)，其实就是四个选项中三个选项的内容是“正确的”(确切来讲是符合“去否题干”内容的)，一个选项内容是不符合“去否题干”内容的，我们要做的就是找出它，是它是它就是它(没错，就是挑错题)!那么问题来了，我们都知道，事实信息题通常只需要找一个选项符合题干就可以了，否定事实信息题却要在原文中找三个选项符合“去否的题干”!聪明的同学已经发现了，这意味着否定事实信息题需要很大很大的阅读范围，它考查的能力比事实信息题要更加注重“信息查找能力”。很明显，这种思路是典型的“4选3”思路，与我们说的“巧解”大相径庭，那么如何“巧解”否定事实信息题呢? 我们来看一道例题： Paragraph 2: The source had long been known but not exploited. Early in the century, a pump had come into use in which expanding steam raised a piston in a cylinder,and atmospheric pressure brought it down again when the steam condensed inside the cylinder to form a vacuum.This “atmospheric engine,” invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel that it could not be employed outside the coal mines for which it had been designed. In the 1760s, James Watt perfected a separate condenser for the steam, so that the cylinder did not have to be cooled at every stroke; then he devised a way to make the piston turn a wheel and thus convert reciprocating (back and forth) motion into rotary motion. He thereby transformed an inefficient pump of limited use into a steam engine of a thousand uses. The final step came when steam was introduced into the cylinder to drive the piston backward as well as forward thereby increasing the speed of the engine and cutting its fuel consumption. According to paragraph 2, Watts steam engine differed from earlier steam engines, in each of the following ways, EXCEPT: It used steam to move a piston in a cylinder It worked with greater speed. It was more efficient in its use of fuel. It could be used in many different ways. -TPO6-1 Poweri