高考英语一轮复习 检测题12(1).doc

检测题12. 阅读理解a(2014吉安模拟) clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pals number, keep you warm during cold weather and operate your computer. this is not a fantasy. a british company, called electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothesclothes that have minds of their own! scientists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended(混合)with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. the result is electronic garments. if you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. these designer clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. currently, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose. but the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. these clothes are 100 percent shock proof, they say. the electrotextiles team has also created the worlds first cloth keyboard. this keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. to use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! these“lap-tap”gadgets(器具)are all set to take over laptop computers! another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. this handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! other popular electronic wear includes the denim(牛仔布)jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(风帽)and the electronic ski jacket with a built-in heater. the ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. this technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids. having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new projecta necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. what is the next? do you have any idea? 【文章大意】本文是一篇科技说明文。主要介绍了一些高科技的布料、衣服等, 这些新发明有各种各样的功能, 比如打电话、听歌。1. the electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that. a. they feel smooth and softb. they use electricity as powerc. they can be washed in waterd. they are made from flexible materials【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. 可知, 像其他电子产品一样, 这种高科技的衣服也必须用电来作为动力。2. how will researchers improve these high-tech clothes? a. body heat will be used as power. b. the wearer will not get shocked. c. a tiny nine-volt battery will work. d. they will get charged automatically. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话but the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. 可知a正确。3. what does the underlined phrase“this handy invention”in paragraph 5 refer to? a. the laptop computer. b. the electronic ski jacket. c. the shirt-cum-mobile phone. d. the worlds first cloth keyboard. 【解析】选c。推理判断题。由第五段的another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. this handy invention enables drivers to chat. . . 可知, 这里很明显是指代前文的the shirt-cum-mobile phone。4. the main purpose of the text is. a. to advertise for an english companyb. to predict the future trend of sciencec. to show how rapidly science developsd. to introduce some intelligent clothing【解析】选d。主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者是向我们介绍几种智能的衣服、布料等。b(2014绍兴统考)when people first walked across the bering land bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal science. robert wayne of the university of california, los angeles, and jennifer leonard of the smithsonian institute, used dna materialsome of it unearthed by miners in alaskato conclude that todays domestic dog originated in asia and accompanied the first humans to the new world about 10, 000 to 15, 000 years ago. wayne suggests that mans best friend may have enabled the tough journey from asia into north america. “dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge, ”said wayne. “they can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and theyre useful to eat. ”researchers have agreed that todays dog is the result of the domestication(驯化)of wolves thousands of years ago. before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of north americas domestic dog was that natives domesticated local wolves, the descendants(后代)of which now live with people in alaska, canada, and the lower 48. dog remains from a fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected dna from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层)until fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. the miners donated the preserved bones to the american museum of natural history in new york city, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. after borrowing the bones from the museum, leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the alaska dogs. they found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 a. d. , before vitus bering and aleksey chirikov who were the first known europeans to view alaska in 1741. “the bones of dogs that wandered the fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of pure native american dogs, ”leonard said. the dna of the fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendants of wolves from north america. along with the fairbanks samples, the researchers collected dna from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本)from mexico, peru, and bolivia that existed before the arrival of columbus. in the case of both the alaska dogs and the dogs from latin america, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of europe and asia. this supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the new world with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge. leonard and waynes study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the bering land bridge to slowly populate the americas. wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep, ”wayne said. “they didnt feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource. ”【文章大意】本文是科普性文章。说明了在几千年前狗陪同人们一起跨过白令大陆桥进入北美大陆, 并且在此繁殖起来。而通过检测发掘出的狗骨头的dna也证实了这一点。5. the underlined word“remains”is closest in meaning to“”. a. leftover foodb. animal wastec. dead bodiesd. living environment【解析】选c。词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句话“leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected dna from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost”说明是在永冻层发现的狗的骨头, 所以remains应该是尸体。故c正确。6. according to the study described in paragraph 4, we can learn that. a. ancient dogs entered north america between 1450 and 1675 a. d. b. the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native american dogsc. the bones discovered by the gold miners were from north american wolvesd. the bones studied were not from dogs brought into north america by europeans【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据“they found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 a. d. , before vitus bering and aleksey chirikov who were the first known europeans to view alaska in 1741. . . ”可判断出被研究的骨头不是欧洲人带到北美的狗的骨头。所以d正确。7. what can we know from the passage? a. native americans domesticated local wolves into dogs. b. scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in the 1920s. c. latin americas dogs are different from north americas in genes. d. ancient dogs entered north america across the bering land bridge. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据第一段“when people first walked across the bering land bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal science. ”可知d正确。8. what does the passage mainly talk about? a. the origin of the north american dogs. b. the dna study of ancient dogs in america. c. the reasons why early people entered america. d. the difference between asian and american dogs. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。文章第一段提到狗和人们一同跨过the bering land bridge, 第二、三、四、五段研究狗的dna“to conclude that todays domestic dog originated in asia”, “researchers have agreed that todays dog is the result of the domestication of wolves thousands of years ago”, 所以文章中心是谈论北美的狗的起源。. 阅读第二节(2014哈尔滨模拟)1people traveled in search of food and shelter or in order to flee from their enemies. sometimes they were looking for gold or silver in order to become rich. on other occasions they were searching for rich farmland. this is not to say that no one ever traveled just for fun. even in ancient times, some pleasure travel occurred. during a typical season, 700, 000 tourists would crowd into the ancient city of rome, where animals performed and magicians entertained them. 23international tourist arrivals alone reached as many as 546 million in 1994 and are forecast to rise to 937 million in 2010, according to the world trade organization. 4probably the most common reason for traveling is related to our physical well-being. actually, traveling to sports events is one of the fastest growing types of travel. in our fast developing society where stress has become part of peoples life, people can rest and relax by having a change of environment and activities. 5no one seems to doubt that travel broadens the mind. in 18th century europe, young men would go on a grand tour to various countries in order to complete their education. today the desire to travel to different countries is encouraged by modern mass media. people who travel to other countries can at the same time learn more about their own country and culture. a. but why do people like traveling so much? b. throughout history, most travel was not for pleasure. c. so they travel to a lake for a swim or a park for a bike. d. the improvement in transportation has