高考英语高频词汇必背及训练4.doc

2015高考高频词汇必背及训练系列41.traditional adj.传统的，惯例的in traditional chinese culture，marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.在传统的中国文化中，父母常常为儿女操办婚姻。考点提示：tradition n传统，常规，惯例follow/keep up the tradition 遵循传统break the tradition 打破传统according to tradition 据传统theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.a tradition bbalance cconcern drelationship完成句子：(1)the midautumn day is a _(传统的)festival of china.(2)“when in rome，do as the romans do”means we should follow the_(传统，惯例)of a country.2.include vt.(1)包含，包括your responsibilities will include making appointments on my behalf.你的职责包括替我安排预约。剑桥高阶the price includes postage charges.这个价钱包含邮资。(2)把列在里面，算入，计入include.in/on/among.he includes me among his friends.他把我当作朋友。i include eggs on the list of things to buy.我把鸡蛋列入购物单中。考点提示：(1)including(介词)包含、包括(置于名词前)seven people died in the accident，including a baby.七人在事故中丧生，包括一个婴儿。(2)included adj.(置于名词之后)many people went to the party，me included(including me)许多人参加了聚会，包括我在内。contain/include辨析(1)contain指作为组成部分而被“含有”或“容纳”在内，是内容物的包括。(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，是范围的包括。(1)this atlas(地图册)_40 maps，_3 of the great britain.acontains；including bincludes；containingccontains；containing dincludes；including(2)at least twenty people were injured in the car accident，three children_.acontained bincluding cwere included dincluded3.celebrate vt.&vi.庆祝how do people celebrate new year in your country?你们国家的人怎样庆祝新年？考点提示：celebration n 庆祝；典礼；庆祝会celebrate christmas/ones birthday 庆祝圣诞节/某人的生日have/hold a celebration 举行一个庆祝会in celebration of. 为了庆祝congratulate sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulations to sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulate/celebrate辨析(1)congratulate的意思是“祝贺”，其宾语必须是人，使用congratulate sb on sth 结构；也常用其复数形式congratulations。(2)celebrate的宾语是物，如节日、结婚纪念日、生日等令人欢乐的事情或日子。用congratulate，celebrate填空(1)we held a party in_of this victory.(2)i offered my_on his success.(3)we held a_to_his birthday.(4)in the_，we_him on his promotion.4.darkness n黑暗i can see nothing in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不见。the city centre was plunged into darkness by the power cut.市中心因停电变得一片漆黑。darkness/dark辨析darkness与dark没有绝对的区别。但darkness常指一时的黑暗；dark表示经常或长时间的黑暗，用时须加the，另外它与介词at，before，after连用表示“黄昏”“傍晚”。keep sth in the dark暗中做某事keep sth dark 对某事保密keep sb in the dark 对某人保密用dark的有关短语填空(1)they all knew the truth.only i was _ _ _.(2)its wrong for them to keep it _ _ _.5.destroy v破坏，毁坏the building was completely destroyed by fire.这个建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。all my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal.他回信拒绝，我的希望完全破灭。they have destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。考点提示：destruction n破坏，摧毁destructive adj. 造成毁灭或严重破坏的destroy/damage/harm辨析(1)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏。(2)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏。(3)harm一般指身心、健康、名声的损害。(1)the noises not only make it difficult to sleep，but they are _ damage to our houses and shops.adoing bmaking cputting draising(2)the heavy rain_the hope of a picnic.adamaged bdestroyed charmed dhurt(3)he was lucky enough to escape being killed in the accident，but his car was completely_.adamaged bstruck cfailed ddestroyed6.serve(1)vt.为服务，效力we should serve the people heart and soul.我们应该全心全意为人民服务。(2)vt.接待，招呼(顾客等)the shop assistant is serving a customer.商店服务员正在接待一位顾客。first come，first served.先来者先被接待。(先来后到)(3)vt.端上(饭菜)，供应饮食serve sb with sth 拿来招待某人；供应the waiter served us with wine.服务生给我们倒酒。(4)vt.&vt.服刑，服役，担任职务the soldier has served in the army for 3 years.那个士兵已服3年兵役。the man served a long sentence in prison for his crime.那个人为他犯的罪要长期服刑。(5)serve as 担任(某职务)，充任；权当，当用he served two terms as president.他担任过两届总统。when they slept in the open，dry leaves served as blanket.当他们在野外睡觉时，干树叶就当毛毯用。翻译句子:(1)他服侍主人多年。_(2)他拿出水果来招待我们。_7.swallow(1)vt.& vi.吞；咽he had a sore throat and found it difficult to swallow.他嗓子疼，觉得咽东西困难。(2)vt.吞没；吞噬the waves swallowed up the boat.浪涛吞噬船只。(3)n.吞；咽take the medicine at one swallow.一口把药吞下。(4)n.燕子one swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。(谚语)完成句子:(1)its difficult for you to _(吞下整个鸡蛋)翻译句子:(2)洪水吞没一切挡在它路上的东西。_8.mess n混乱考点提示： in a mess乱七八糟 make a mess 搞乱your books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order.你的书和杂志简直乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。margies bedroom was in a _， with books and papers covering every possible surface.alitter bdisorder cmess drubbish 9.adopt v采纳；收养our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了一种新的教学法。they are not my real parents; i am adopted.他们不是我的亲生父母，我是被收养的。those children had to _ their parents suggestion.aadmit badopt cadapt dadd10.honour n荣誉v给予某人荣誉an honour to sb 给予某人荣誉have the honour to do sth have the honour of doing sth 有做的荣幸in honour of sb / sth 向表示敬意；为纪念will you honour me with a visit？可否请您光临？he was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。she is an honour to our school.她是我校的光荣。may i have the honour of dancing with you?我有荣幸与你跳舞吗？(1)i feel greatly honoured _ into your group.ato welcome bwelcoming cto be welcomed dwelcomed(2)the street was named after a great man_ his great contributions to the city.ain honour of binstead of cin case of din need of答案：1.a句意：我们办公室有这样一个惯例，那就是当有人过生日的时候，他们会带块蛋糕来和我们一起分享。tradition 传统；balance 平衡；concern 关心，担心；relationship 关系。(1)traditional(2)tradition2.(1)a(2)d3.(1)celebration(2)congratulations(3)celebration；celebrate(4)celebration；congratulated4.(1)in the dark(2)in the dark5.(1)a(2)b(3)d6.(1)he has served his master for many years.(2)he served us with fruit.7.(1)swallow a whole egg(2)the flood swallowed ev