高考英语高频动词素材.doc

高考英语高频动词attend vt. vi.1. 出席,参加, 上大学.其后跟的宾语主要是meeting, conference, lecture, school, ceremony(典礼).2. 照料,护理,侍候. attend the sick man(vt)/ attend on the sick man3. 办理,处理,陪伴,伴随. attend to the matter / a cold attended by fever attendance n.到场,出席,参加,出席人数.beat (beat, beaten)(1)打,敲打 vt. waves beat the shores.(2)打败,打赢,胜过vt. they beat us in a match. beat the world record in the high jump(3)(接连地)打,敲;(日)晒,(雨)打;(风)吹打;(波浪等)冲击:vithe rain was beating on (against) the window.(4)(心,脉搏)跳动 vi. normal heart beats / his pulse beat fast.(5) n.(接连的)敲打,敲击声; (波浪等的)冲击(声);(心脏等)跳动(声);节拍phrases beat up 痛打一顿beat down (太阳等)强烈地照射下来;打倒,镇压; 杀(价) beat a retreat 撤退,打退堂鼓 beat time 打拍子blow (1). vi. (风)吹;吹动;刮 it was blowing hard. / the door blew open. (2).vi. 吹响;吹奏;鸣响 do you hear the bugle blowing? 你听到军号在吹吗? (3).vi. 吹气;呼吸困难急促;喘气 (4).vi.(轮胎等)爆炸;(保险丝等)烧断 (5).vt.吹动,吹 a gust of wind blew all the dust away. (6).vt.使充气,使爆炸 the explosion blew several buildings down. (7).vt.发布(新闻等);传播(谣言等)phrasesblow ones nose 擤鼻涕blow out 吹灭 dont blow out the light.blow over (一阵风暴,风波等)过去 the storm will soon blow over.被淡忘 the impression is so deep that it can hardly ever blow over.blow up (1)刮起来 soon a gale blew up. (2)打气,吹起来 get the tire blown up (3)爆炸,炸毁 the ship blew up. (4)发脾气,责骂 he blew up (at me) when i told him i couldnt do it. (5)爆发,突然开始 the volcano unexpectedly blew up.n.1. 打,一击;打击 a blow to the face 朝脸部的一击 2. (精神上的)打击;灾祸 3.突然袭击,攻击 at a (one) blow 一下子,一举 come to blows动手互殴 get a blow in 打着,击中 strike a blow against反对,企图break vt.1.打破,打断,使碎裂 break the window / break ones leg (摔断腿)2. 损坏,弄坏 break the instrument3. 破坏,违反, break an agreement / break the law4. 使(突然)中止,打断 break ones journey 5. 打破(纪录) break the recordvi.1.破碎,折断 the vase has broken to pieces.2.争吵,决裂 break from ( with) the old traditional ideas3.(嗓音,天气)突变 after an hour of heavy rain the storm broke.4.(黎明,风暴)开始 day broke.5.(云雾)消散,停止 the mist(雾)was breaking.6.(身体,精神)垮了 his health broke.n.1.破裂,破裂处2决裂,绝交 a break between the two countries3.破晓 at (the) break of day4.休息(时间), 间歇 have a break 5.中止, 中断, 停顿 a break in the conversationphrases1. break away(from) 逃脱,摆脱 break away from the guard 与断绝来往,脱离 改掉,破除 break away from the old habit2. break down (机器等)坏the car i was in broke down. (身体)垮了,(计划) 失败,(精神)支持不往 his health broke down. /the plan has broken down. (3) 中断 the conversation broke down at this point. (4) 压倒,破除 break down fetishes(迷信)3. break forth 迸发, 突然 a shout of joy broke forth.4. break in (1)强行进入,打进来 thieves broke in during the night. (2)插话,插嘴,打岔 dont break in while others are speaking.5. break into (1) 强行进入, 打进 break into the palace (2) 突然开始 break into cheers6. break off (1) 突然停止 they broke off their conversation. he broke off in the middle of a sentence. (2) 中断,断绝, 绝交 break off the talk 中断会谈 break off with ones old friends 与老朋友绝交7. break ones heart 使心碎8. break out 突然发生, 爆发 a fire broke out during the night. the economic crisis first broke out in the united states.9. break out (of) (从监禁的地方)跑出来, 摆脱10. break through 突破,打破,冲破 the river broke through its banks and flooded the country. they have broken through in a number of directions.11. break up (1) (会议)结束,散会 after midnight, the party broke up. (2) 驱散(集会), 破坏(罢工) the police tried to break up the crowd. (3) 学期结束,停课 the school has broken up for the holidays.12. break up into 分成, 分解 sentences can be broken up into clauses, and clauses into phrases.bring vt. 1.带来,拿来 bring me the basket, please. 2.使(人)来到;把引来 what brings you here today? 3.产生;引起;导致;使发生 her three children brought her joy. 4.促使;劝使 she couldnt bring herself to believe the news. 5.使处于某种状态 bring water to a boil 把水烧开 6.(货品)售得,换得 the painting brought 20 pounds.bring about 引起,实现,使发生 our aim is to bring about a communist society.bring around (1) 使回心转意,使改变看法 they tried to bring him round to their views.(2) 使痊愈 the doctor will bring him round all right.bring back(to ones mind)使回想起 the story brought back my unhappy childhood.bring down(1) 使倒下,使下降the wind brought down a number of trees.(2) 击落,推翻the more enemy planes were brought down.bring forth 使产生, 引起the weather brought forth a host of diseases.bring forward(1) 提出 please bring the matter forward at the next meeting.(2) 提前 they decided to bring forward the date of the meeting.bring home to 使明白 bring home to the broad masses the risk of smoking bring in(1) 收(庄稼) bring in rice(2) (使)得到(收入) this will bring them in several thousand yuan.bring on 使发生,引起 dirt often brings on diseases.bring out(1) 说明,阐明 bring out the meaning of a passage(2) 出版,推出 bring out a type of tv bring to (round) 使苏醒,使恢复知觉bring to an end (a close)结束, 停住 he brought his story to an end.bring to attention(notice)使注意bring to bear on 对施加(压力,影响)bring to light 使发现,使了解到bring to ones senses(reason) 使清醒起来(明白过来)bring to victory (safety) 使胜利(脱险等)bring up(1) 提出,提起 bring up questions(2) 抚养,培养(3) 呕吐call vt, vi. 1.(名)叫, 称(呼) they call her xiao hong. 2.呼叫,喊叫,鸣叫 call me at 7 oclock please. he called and called but no one came to his help. 3.拜访,到某处找人 i hope youll call again. youd better call at his office./call on sb 4.打电话 lets call his office. 5.召集(会议),下令(罢工) 6.召唤,征召 call a taxi / call a doctorphrasescall at (火车,轮船)停留,停靠 does the ship called at hong kong?call attention to 引起对的注意call away 叫走,叫开 the doctor was called away a moment ago.call for(1) 叫(某人),接(某人) i will call for you at nine.(2) 要,索取 he entered the restaurant and called for a glass of beer.(3) 要求,需要有 this problem calls for careful thought.call in(1).来访,到那里去(2).找来,请来 call in a doctor at once.(3).收回call on sb to do sth (1).请(叫)某人做某事 the chairman called on mr brown to speak.(2).号召某人做某事call out 大声叫,调来,请去 he called out with pain.doctors are often called out in the middle of the night.call the roll 点名call to mind 使想起 i cant call his name to mind.call to order 让保持(会场)秩序，让肃静call up(1) 给打电话(2) 征召(入伍)carry vt.vi1、搬，拿，扛，抬2、通过（决议等）the meeting carried the motion by a large majority.会议以较大的多数通过了这项提议。carry away(1) 使 失去理智，使入迷he was carried away by emotion.这时他被感情支配失去了理智。(2) 拿走phrasescarry into effect(practice)实施,实行carry off 夺走,抢走,获得,使死掉 the army term carried off most of the medals.carry on 进行,继续进行carry out 实行,执行 they also carried out other experiment.carry thought进行到底,完成 our fight will be carried through.我们的战斗将进行到底.carry weight (说话)有份量,有力量,有影响catch vt.& vi.1.抓住,逮住,挂住 he caught my hand and held it tightly.the nail caught her coat.2.赶上,搭上 i want to catch the early bus.3.听到,嗅到,听懂 what? i didnt catch what you said. do you catch my meaning?4.染上(疾病) be careful, you may catch cold.5.(出其不意地)碰上,撞上(某人做某事,多指不好的事)she caught him smoking a cigarette.i caught the boy at it again. 我又撞上这孩子在干这事. 6.给撞上,给碰上(多用于被动结构)he has been caught in the rain and is wet through and through.the ship was caught in a hurricane.catch at 想抓住,设法抓住he will catch at any opportunity to practice english.catch by surprise(off guard)出其不意(趁其不备)catch fire着火catch hold of 抓住,抓牢catch on受到(大家的)欢迎(喜爱),理解the play caught on well.catch ones eye (attention)引起注意 a red pencil-mark on the fifth page caught his eye.catch sight of 望见 just then they caught sight of us.catch up with sb 赶上某人 you go on.i will catch you up. well spare no effort to catch up with the advanced countries.change vt.&vi.1.改变,使改变well change the date to feb.2.换(衣,药,钱), 交换 can you change this $5 note for me ?3.改变,变化 the weather has changed for the better.4.换(转)车 passages for xian change at zhengzhou.change hands 转手this house has changed hands twice this year.change into 换上(衣服) there we changed into hospital clothes.change ones mind 改变主意 i have made my mind and nothing you say will change my mind.change ones tune 改变腔调n. (c.)(u.) there has been a change in the programme. he lived through a time of great social change.他是从社会发生重大变革的时期生活过来的.n.(u)找回的零钱 i handed over a pound and got 38 pence change.come vi.& link.v 1.来 she is coming right away. there comes the bus. 2.(指时间)到来 the winter was coming. then came the day of his examination. 3.用于各种引伸意义 who comes next? 下面该谁? success comes when you work hand.努力才能成功. 4.(跟不定式)经过某一过程发生某一情况but gradually they came to see the menace to themselves.但他们渐渐看出了他们面临的威胁. 5.(作link.v,和某些形容词和分词连用)变得,成为wrong never comes right.错的不能变成对的.that day their wish finally came true.your shoe laces have come undone.你的鞋带散了. 6.(用现在分词或不定式形式)即将到来的,未来的they began talking about their coming holidays.im sure well do better in times to come. can you come swimming with us? (come swimming=go swimming)phrasescome about发生how did the accident come about?come across碰到in the course of the experiments, they came across a series of new e along (1).跟(我们)去,一道去tom wants to come along with us to the movie. (2)赶快 come along, its nearly twelve oclock. (3)进行,生长 the other jobs are also coming along nicely.其他工作也进行得很顺利.come at (1)向袭击 (2)拿到 ive been looking for that article, but cant come at it anywhere. (3)弄清楚 its difficult to come at the exact facts.弄清确切事实是很困难的.come by得到 they didnt come by their honours easily.他们这些荣誉不是轻易得来的.come down (1)下降,下落 the temperature has come down. (2)病倒,患病 these workers came down suddenly with food poisoning.这些工人突然食物中毒了. (3)传下来these customs came down to us from our e down on责备,斥责 the doctor came down on him e first在前面,名列第一 she came first in the e for来拿,来取,来找 i have come for the e forward涌现 many activists have come forward. 涌现了大批的积极分子.come from出身于,产生,来自 this word comes from le in (1)进来(站) lets wait till train comes in. (2)到来 summer is supposed to come in during may.夏天按说是5月份开始. (3)存在,出现 here comes in the question of manpower.这儿存在一个人力问题. (4)上台,开始当政come in for受到 she came in for a lot of e into effect(force, use)生效(开始使用) the treaty will come into force next month.这个条约下月开始生效.come into existence(being)出现,诞生,成立come into leaf(flower, bud)长叶子(开花,发芽)come into office(power)就职(上台执政)come near (to)差点儿,险些 i came near to giving it e of 有结果 nothing came of the meeting. skill comes of practice.实践出技术.come off(1) 成功(指计划等)i dont think the plan will come off.我看这计划行不通。(2) 举行，发生the meeting will come off next week.(3)脱落，褪色this button has just come e on (1) （风雨等）开始到来summer is coming on.(2) 举行，演出the next examination comes on in early summer.下一次考试将在夏初举行。(3)进行，进展how is he coming on with his study of french?（4） 赶快，来吧come on! you can do it if you try. 干嘛！你干一干准能干好。come out(1) 出版，出来this paper comes out every friday.(2) 有的结果who came out first in the contest?比赛谁得第一？(3)开花the flowers are coming out.come out with：说出来，讲出，发表then someone came out with a question.这时有人提了一个问题。come to (1) 来到(某地)，碰到，来参加(某个活动)they are not afraid when they come to difficulties in their study.学习中碰到困难他们也不害怕。（2）合计，总共是how much does it come to?（3）有出息，有价值，有意义what does it come to after all?(4)谈到，说到i was just about to come to it.come to a conclusion / decision 得出结论/ 作出决定come to an end 结束come to nothing 没有结果come to ones notice / attention 被注意到come up（1）走近，走上前来（2）出现we solve the problem as soon as they came up.charge 1vt(1) 指控，控告 (with): be d with murder(2) 要价，收费 sb. fifty cents for mending a pair of shoes(3) 主管，掌管 have charge of 2. 词组(1) in charge of主管，掌管 in charge of the project(2) take charge (of ) 掌管,看管 take charge of the children(3) free of charge (4) at ones own charge 自费(5) under the charge of 在掌管（或看管）之下cover vt. 1. 盖，铺；包 2. 给穿上衣服(戴上帽子) 3. 掩盖，掩饰；隐匿cover ones nervousness(掩饰紧张心情) 4. 包括；涉及；适用于the exhibition covers an area of 10,000 square meters. 5. 行过(路程)cover 90 miles in three days(三天行程90英里) 6. 采访；报道do(did; done)1. vt(1) 做，干 whats to be done? 怎么办 ？ do manual labour 从事体力劳动 do ones shopping(washing) do all one can to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事（2）给与 do sb good/harm/wrong (冤枉某人)will you do me a favor ?the rain did no damage to the crops.雨并没有使庄稼受到损失。（3）制作，产生 do a film摄制影片 do a painting作画（4）学习，研究 do ones lessons do physics at a university 在大学里学物理。2vi(1) 做，行动 do as sb says 按某人所说的去做(2) 行，足够 that will do. 够了。(3) 生长，进展 vegetables do well here.they are doing very well.他们进步很快。phrases（1） do with 与某人相处 be difficult to （2） do without没有也行 this is something we can very well without（3） have sth (nothing ,a great deal)to with 和有些关系（没有关系，关系很大）draw (drew, drawn)1. vt(1) 拉, 拖 a curtain拉开窗帘/ a bow拉弓(2) 吸取，引出 a lesson吸取教训/ a conclusion引出结论(3) 引起，招来 prolonged applause搏得长时间的掌声(4) 吸入，吸引 a deep breath 深吸一口气(5) 画，绘制 draw a picture/draw a line2. 平局，不分胜负 the game ended in a .phrases up 草拟，制定 up a plan back 收回drop 1. n (1) 滴 fight to the last of blood 血战到底 (2) 落下，下降 a in temperature2. vt(1) 使落下，放下，投下 drop ones eyes 垂下两眼drop a letter into a mail- box(2) 遗漏，省略 a letter in a (3)丢弃，中断 lets the subject.我们别谈这个问题了。 a bad habit(4) 下客 please me at the next station.(5) 不经意地说出，随便地投寄 sb a postcard/ a hint暗示2 vi(1) 下降，变弱 her voice ped to a whisper.(2) 因疲劳而倒下 phrases(1) asleep 入睡(2) behind 落伍，落后(3) by 一滴一滴地，一点一点地(4) in on sb 顺便走访某人(5) in at 顺便走访某地(6) into 1.不知不觉谈起来 into a conversation 2. 不知不觉养成 into a habit of (7) out 掉落，掉出 fall (fell; fallen) vi(1)落下，降落，跌倒leaves in autumn.the rain is ing.(2)（温度，价格）下降；（风势，声音）减退；（情绪）低落 the temperature is ing. the storm fell towards evening.傍晚暴风雨减弱。a voice ing to a whisper(3)下垂，降临 the curtain s./night s夜幕降临。(4) 房屋坍塌；城市阵地陷落政府跨台get (got;got,gotten;getting)vt. vi.1. 获得；得到2. 挣得；赢得get a living (谋生)3. 收获；捕获get a good crop (获得丰收)4. 收到；接到get a letter(收到来信); get a telephone call from a friend(接到朋友的电话)5. 收看到；收听到 we can get 15 channels on tv. (我们可以收看到15个频道的电视节目。)6. 搞到；弄到get me some paste.(帮我弄点浆糊来。)i rang up to see if i could get seats.(我打电话去问是否可以预订坐位。)7. 受；挨打；遭受到he got twenty years for murder.(他因杀人被判20年徒刑。)8. 感染(疾病)；(毒品等)使上瘾get a cold(感冒)；9. 计算出；得出multiplying 3 by 2 we get 6. (2乘3得6。)10. 后接复合宾语使得；把弄得；使被弄得get everything ready!(把一切准备好！)get things moving(使事情开始进行)11. 劝说；说服get him to see a doctor(劝他去看医生)12. 到达when do we get to beijing?(我们什么时候到北京？)13. 变得；成为get sick(生病)；get angry(发怒)14. 后接动词-ing形式开始they soon got talking together.(他们不久就一起谈了起来。)15. 用作助动词，与过去分词连用构成被动语态they got married last month.(他们上个月结婚了。)16. 赚钱he spends all his time getting and spending.(他的时间都花在赚钱和花钱上了。)phrasesget across通过；把讲清楚get around=get round 回避，规避；说服，争取；花时间做get down 下来；咽下，吞下；写下；使沮丧；使抑郁；开始对待get into进入；陷入，染上get off下来；脱下；动身；开始；get over越过；克服；从(病)中恢复；把忘怀get through到达；办完；花光；(使)通过；捱过；打通电话；把向某人解释清楚get together聚集；积累；收集get up(使)起床；爬上；上马；give(gave; given) vt. vi1. 赠送；给2. 授予；赐予；捐赠3. 供给；传给this power station gives light and power to the whole region.(这座发电站为这整个地区提供照明和动力。)4. 付出；出售give two yuan for sth.(花两块钱买)give sth. for two yuan(以两块钱卖掉)i would give anything to get it. 我将不惜代价弄到它。5. 献出；使沉缅于give ones life to the revolution为革命事业献身6. 交付；嫁出；产生；引起7. 提出(建议等)8. 举行；演出give a concert(dinner)举行音乐会(宴会)phrasesgive away 送掉；分发；放弃；泄露；出卖；让步；丧失give in屈服；交上give off发出（光，蒸气等）give out分发；发出(气味，热等)；耗尽；精疲力竭give up 让（位等）；放弃；认输go (went; gone)vi. 1. 去，离开 2. 走，驶the truck can go 80 km. an hour.(这货车每小时能行80公里。) 3. 通到，达到(to) 4. 归，属victory always goes to the strong.(胜利永远属于张者。) 5. 诉诸，求助于，查阅go to a dictionary for a word到词典上查词 6. 消失，衰退；(时间)过去the pain has gone. (疼痛消失了。) 7. 完结，垮；断开；死this bank may go any day.(这家银行随时可能倒闭。)his wife went first.(他妻子先去世的。) 8. 变为 ，成为，处于the question goes unanswered.(这总是没有得到回答。) 9. 和谐，相称this paint doesnt go.(这种颜料不相称。)phrasesgo after 追求；追逐go against违反；反对；不利于go ahead前进，干吧；(祈使句中) 可以，往下说go all out全力以赴go along前进，进行；同行，一起走；赞同，附和go by走过，过去；go down 下去；下沉；被咽下，被接受；倒下，垮台；传下去；消肿go in for 去从事；酷爱go on继续下去；(时间)过去；发生，进行；接近go out出去；熄灭；(衣着等)过时；参加go through 经历，经受；通过；仔细检查；全面考虑；搜查；用光；吃掉；(提案等)被通过go through with做完；完成go with 陪一起去；与持同一看法；与相配；跟谈恋爱；顺从的趋势go without 在缺少的情况下勉强对付过去go wrong 走错路；行为变坏；出毛病have (had; had) vt. v(aux) 1. 有；含有；拥有 2. 怀有；持有have you any idea where he works?(你知道他在哪儿。) 3. 拿；得到may i have one? (可以给我一个吗？) 4. 吃，喝would you have a cup of tea?(请喝杯茶。) 5. 进行，从事lets have a talk.（我们谈一谈。） 6. 享有，经历，遭受，招致have a good holiday(假期过得愉快)have a toothache(牙痛) 7. (用于否定句)容忍；允许i wont have you say such things.(我可不许你说这种话。) 8. 使；让；要；叫we had the machine repaired.(我们请人把机器修好了。)have everything ready for a trip(做好旅行的一切准备)i would have him wait for me.(我要他等我。) 9. 使处于某一位置；放置have ones back to the camera(背对着照相机)phraseshaveon 穿着；有事在手头；引起兴趣know (knew, known)1、知道，了解，懂得2、认识，熟悉know sb by name只知某人和名字know sb by sight 同某人面熟3、熟记，记住，能背出，know ones lines (by heart) 熟记台词 4、 精通，通晓（语言等）5、 认出，认定，分辨i would know him even in a crowd. 即使在人群中我也能认出他来。i knew her for a german. 我看出她是德国人。know right from wrong 分辨是非6、 体验，经历he never knew fear.他从来不知道什么叫害怕。7、仅用于过去时和完成时 见到过，听到过i have known her say this before. 我听到过她以前说这话。i have never known him tell a lie. 我从来没有听到过他说谎。8、用作插入语this, you know, is what i have in