北京市密云区高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（22）.doc

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（22）及答案人物传记类-201*上海卷 (a) phil white has just returned from an 18,000mile, aroundtheworld bicycle trip. white had two reasons for making this epic journey. first of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. he raised 70,000 for the british charity, oxfam. whites second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. he is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not. white set off from trafalgar square, in london, on 19th june 2004 and was back 299 days later. he spent more than 1,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. he had the adventure of his life crossing europe, the middle east, india, asia, australia, new zealand and the americas. amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. no jeep carrying food, water and medicine. no doctor. nothing! just a bike and a very, very long road. the journey was lonely and desperate at times. he also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. he cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. there were other dangers along the road. in iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. the worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of australia. for 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. this part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. now mr. white is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65. when phil white returned from his trip, he _. a. broke the world record b. collected money for oxfam c. destroyed several bikes d. travelled about 1,300 hours66. what does the word “epic” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? a. very slow but exciting. b. very long and difficult. c. very smooth but tiring. d. very lonely and depressing.67. during his journey around the world, phil white _. a. fought heroically against robbers in iranb. experienced the extremes of heat and cold c. managed to ride against the wind in australia d. had a team of people who travelled with him68. which of the following words can best describe phil white? a. imaginative. b. patriotic. c. modest. d. determined.【要点综述】本文讲述了phil white进行环球自行车旅行的原因及艰难历程。65. b细节推断题。根据第一段中he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. he raised 70,000 for the british charity, oxfam.可推断为oxfam筹资。66. b词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可判断旅程很长也很艰难。 67. c细节理解题。根据第三段中for 1,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him.可判断phil white设法迎着风骑车。68. d推理判断题。根据全文及末段中this part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end.可判断，虽然路途艰难，但是他坚持到了最后，说明他是有决心的。*结束more surprising,perhaps,than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and increasing.as skolnick notes,americans are a marrying people:relative to europeans,more of us marry at younger age.moreover,after falling in the early 1970s,the rate of marriage in the united states is now increasing.even the divorce rates need to be taken in this pro-marriage context:some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry.thus,marriage remains,by far,the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.what has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family.twenty-five years ago,the typical american family consisted of a husband,a wife,and two or three children.now,there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children.and there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wifes previous marriage,or the husbands,or both,sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage;sometimes they are shared between two former spouses.thus,one can find every type of family arrangement.there are marriages without children;marriages with children for only the present marriage;marriages with“full-time”children from both the present and former marriages;marriages with“full-time”children from the present marriage and“part-time”children from former marriages.there are stepfathers,stepmothers,half-brothers,and half-sisters.it is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents!these are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family.but even so,even in the midst of all this,there remains one constant:most americans spend most of their adult lives married.13.by calling americans marrying people the author means that_.a.americans are more traditional than europeansb.americans expect more out of marriage than europeansc.there are more married couples in the usa than in europe d.more of americans as compared with europeans,prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age14.which of the following can be presented as the picture of todays american families? a.a typical american family consists of only a husband and a wife. b.many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable. c.americans prefer to have more kids than before. d.there are no nuclear families any more.15.the“nuclear family”refers to_.a.families formed up by men or women working for nuclear power stationsb.married couples who are closely matchedc.family consists of married couples who do not want to have any childd.family with small number of members16.“part-time”children_a.spend some of their time with their half-brothers and some of their time with their half-sistersb.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriagec.are shared between the two former spousesd.cannot stay with“full-time”children参考答案 / dbcc /*结束1.（201*天津卷）blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction.to those who do not recognize their unique worth. imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strenghth. imitation is unacceptable.in the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. when i first learned to cook, i used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. but soon i grew bored. why follow someone elses way of cooking when i could create my own? imitating role models is like using training wheels on a childs bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.in daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. if, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. if you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.in the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. those stars look great on screen. but when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. if you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.they touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.the world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.creative people have an endless resource of ideas.the problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.then you can say,”i stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and tory ,and know that they are cheering on.51.imitation proves useful when you .a.know you are uniqueb.lose the bslance of lifec.begin to learn something newd.get tired of routine practice52. to avoid the bad result of imitation, we should_.a. forget daily fear and painb. choose the right examplec. ask others for decisionsd. stay away from stars53.acording to the author. the world moves on because of those who are .a. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge b. ready to turn their original ideas into realityc. eager to discover what their ancestors didd. willing to accept othersideas54.the trouble a creator faces is .a. the lack of strong motivationb. the absence of practical ideas c. how to search for more materialsd. how to use imagination creatively55. what is the authors purpose in writing this passage?a. to highlight the importance of creatively.b. to criticize the characters of role models.c. to compare imitation with creation.d. to explain the meaning of success.参考答案 cbbda*结束（b）how often do you travel by plane?how much electricity do you use? these days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprintin order to reduce global warming we need to make our carbon footprints smallerbut how much co2 are we responsible for?a new book by mike berners lee （a leading expert in carbon footprint） might be able to helphow bad are bananas? the carbon footprint of everything looks at the different things we do and buy, and calculates the amount of co2 all of the following created: the ingredients （=parts of a mixture）, the electricity used in the brewery, the equipment, the travel and commuting （交换） of the beer, and the packagingits amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculationand its frightening how much carbon dioxide everything producesbut all of this can help us decide which beer to drinkfrom berners-lees calculations, its clear that a pint （568ml） of locally-brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beerthis is because the imported beer has been transported from far away, and it uses more packagingthe local beer only produces 300g of co2, but the imported beer produces 900g! so, one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign lager （淡啤酒） from the supermarketberners-lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to worknothing is more environmentally-friendly than riding a bike, surely? well, it depends on what youve had to eat beforeto ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need foodso if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half, our footprint is 65g of co2however, if we eat bacon before the bike ride, its 200gin fact, bananas are good in general because they dont need packaging, they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlightso, does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment? absolutely not, for a start, if you cycle, you dont use your car, and the fewer cars on the road, the fewer traffic jamsand cars in traffic jams produce three times more co2 than cars traveling at speedcycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospitaland hospitals have very big carbon footprints!so maybe its time for us all to start making some changespass me a banana and a pint of local beer, please5according to berners-lee, which of the following produces the most carbon dioxide？aa pint of local beer we drinkba pint of imported beer we drinkca banana we eat before a bike ridedthe bacon we eat before a bike ride6why are bananas good in general?athey grow naturallybthey produces less co2cthey dont need packagingdthey provide energy for cycling7the underlined word “brewery” in paragraph 3 most probably means “_”aa factory where beer is madeba machine which makes beerca container where beer is storeddone of the things from which beer is made8to make our carbon footprints smaller, we should often _acycle to workbdrink more local beerccalculate the amount of co2dbuy cheap things from the supermarkets9whats the most suitable title for the passage?abikes, beer and bananasbstarting to make changeschow big is your carbon footprint?dthe carbon footprint of everything参考答案 （b） bbaac*结束阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。afrom good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. a good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. it increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.with a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. in the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. the people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. by turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. when human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. one of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. to travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our hearts desire. through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. we can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. in books we may visit the studios of hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an alpine village or the kindly natives on a south sea island. indeed, th