北京市密云区高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（4）.doc

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（4）及答案阅读理解、专题训练(*)、议论文的阅读阅读下列文章，按要求完成读写任务healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)“it takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎)and once you do it，it is too late，” said dr.casey kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at harvard medical schools department of physical medicine.“i compare it to smokingone cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.wideheeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，” kerrigan said.“they are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”in the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.the scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes.the women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.the scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.compared with walking barefoot，the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis，experts say.the idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes，tendonitis，knee pain，sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.but in 1998，kerrigan and a team of harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis，a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.the first study looked only at stiletto heels，and kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“this study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that highheeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health，” said dr.glem pfeffer，a san francisco doctor and member of the american academy of orthopaedic surgeons who was not connected to the study.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项1we learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _.athey want to walk comfortablybchunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairscchunky heels do less harm to kneesdchunky heels are not painful at all2the study mentioned in the second paragraph found that _.apressure on the foot is caused by high heelsbthe pressure is abnormal while walking barefootcarthritis is always caused by pressure on the kneesdboth types of shoes have the same harm to the knees3it can be inferred from the passage that _.apeople got to know the high heels are bad for health recentlybpeople have known the high heels are bad for health for yearscpeople havent known the high heels are bad for health yetdpeople will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon4kerrigans late study looked at the chunky highheeled shoes because _.athey feel more comfortablebthey are related to knee osteoarthritiscthey are worn by many womendthey are different from stiletto heels5the best title for the passage may be _.atalking healthy knees into considerationbhighheels do harm to kneescchunky heels and stiletto heelsdwhen wearing highheels参考答案三、the passage discusses the idea that high heels have bad effects on the knees by surveying and showing some facts and the reasons for it，so when choosing high heels we should consider our healthy knees.1解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服，a项与此意思相符。答案：a2解析：推理判断题。从第二段中的“the scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知，两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的，所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。答案：d3解析：细节理解题。根据第三段开头“the idea that high heels are bad for your health isnt newscientists have warned women for years that.”可知b项与此一致。答案：b4解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the first study looked only at stiletto heels，and kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见，起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋，kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。答案：c5解析：主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样，都对膝关节有损害。所以b选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。答案：b*结束1.（201*陕西卷）ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically mondified (gm, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. but can gm technology solve world hunger problems? even if it would ,is it the best solutiorr? despite what it promiises,gm technology actually has not increased the production potential of any corp. in fact studies show that the most crown gm croo.gm soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. for instance, a report than analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor gm food crops shows that gm engineering has failed to significantly increase us crop production.something else, however, has been on the rise, while gm seeds are expensive, gm companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. on the contrary, us government data show that gm crops in the us have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ the promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. but nether is true,” said bill christison, president of the us national farm coalition.at the same time, the authors of the book world hunger: twelve myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. these indeed deserve our efforts and money. meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 world bank report.as a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. another world bank report concluded that gm crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.57.the author develops the second paragraph mainly . 【c】a. by classification b. by comparison c. by example d. by process 58. what does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean? 【d】a. control. b. evaluate c. obtain. d. increase.59. gm companies promise farmers that they will benefit from _. 【b】a. practicing “green” farming b. use of less chemicalsc. fair distribution of their crops d. using more crops for fuel60. which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards gm technology?【c】a. optimistic b. defensive c. disapproving d. casual*结束 （london）if it really is whats on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.“being thin doesnt surely mean you are not fat,” said dr jimmy bell at imperial college. since 1994, bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with mri machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.according to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.even people with normal body mass index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal bmi scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.according to bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. they eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes. they want to prove that internal fat damages the bodys communication systems.the good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “if you want to be healthy, there is no short cut. exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle,” bell said.11. what is this piece of news mainly about?a. thin people may be fat inside.b. internal fat is of no importance.c. internal fat leads to many diseases.d. thin people also have troubles.12.doctors have found _.a. the exact dangers of internal fatb. internal fat is the cause of heart disease and diabetesc. being slim is not dangerous at alld. being slim doesnt mean you are not fat inside13.according to the passage, which of the following is wrong?a. exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.b. people can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.c. men are more likely to have too much internal fat.d. people with heart disease all have internal fat.14.from the last paragraph, we can find that _.a. whether internal fat can lead to disease has been provedb. exercise plays in important role in peoples life for keeping healthyc. thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slimd. it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat15.the underlined part in the last paragraph means _.a. a long roadb. an easy wayc. a clear differenced. a short distance参考答案 addbb*结束a woman whose sports car was stolen with her dog in it put up notices all over the area that made it clear getting back her pet was more important than her car.“whoever did this can keep my car. please let benjerman come home,” the notice said.it is not known whether the thief showed any pity, but almost 30 hours after the 1 pm theft friday, kimberly atkins of dover and benjerman, a 12-year-old black retriever(猎犬), were reunited after police located them in barrington.“hes hungry, hes dirty, but hes very happy to be home,” atkins said.the car was found at about 5 pm saturday off route 125 in a swampy area frequented by off-the-road cars and dirt bikes. however, the police couldnt control benjerman, and they had to call atkins to come and get him.atkins said the thief cared for benjerman a little by providing him with some dry cat food. she believed benjerman ended up drinking some muddy water in the area.she said they have been together for nearly 11 years after she took him back from a society shelter in dallas, texas.before benjerman was found, atkins and several friends put up notices all over the city and in somersworth. they also contacted animal shelters throughout southern new hampshire and massachusetts.the notice stated there was a reward, and also that the dog needed medication. any caller could remain anonymous(匿名的).atkins had parked the car outside a hardware store with the keys inside and gone in to rent a carpet cleaner.“it was 10 minutes and i came out and my car was gone along with benjerman in broad daylight,” atkins said. the car thief threw atkins wallet and other personal items out of the car before escaping from the scene.5. what would be the best title for the passage?a. a car with a dog was stolenb. lucky dog was returned to his ownerc. stealing cars: a most important social problemd. woman wants dog back more than stolen car6. which of the following shows the correct order of what happened?a. notices were put up saying there was a reward.b. atkins saw benjerman again.c. police found atkins car.d. atkins took benjerman back from a society shelter.e. atkins hired a carpet cleaner in a hardware store.a. d, e, a, b, cb. d, e, a, c, bc. e, a, d, b, cd. e, a, c, d, b7. we can infer from the passage .a. the dog was treated extremely badly by the thiefb. car stolen accidents happen frequently nowadaysc. the dog was found because of the rewardd. the thief stole the car easily8. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. benjerman was sent back immediately after atkins put up the notices.b. atkins and her friends made a great effort to look for benjerman.c. the thief gave the dog back but kept the sports car.d. the dog was back at 1 pm on a friday.参考答案 58、dbdb*结束 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项.achildrens books:hawkings fact and fictiongeorge frellis & rubybook reviewed-georges secret key to the universeby lucy & stephen hawkingstephen hawkings book a brief history of time was a huge commercial successits achievements in bringing difficult scientific ideas to a wide audience are not so clearnow the distinguished physicist has teamed up with his daughter lucy to produce a childrens book designed to communicate contemporary physicswill it capture the attention of young minds and teach them some real science? or will it be boring and over the heads of the prospective readers?georges secret key to the universe is an adventure story complete with villains and hero and is illustrated with enjoyable line-drawingsit involves a lost pig, a humorously portrayed intelligent computer, school bullies and a trip through the solar systemdidactic discussions on a