虚拟语气(含练习答案).doc

一、虚拟语气在条件句中if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式 （动词be用were) 主语+should, would,might,could动 词原形与过去相反的假设 If+主语+had +过去分词 主语should, would, might, couldhave done与将来相反的假设 1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 主语should, would might, could动词 原形注意以下问题： 1. 错综时间虚拟条件句 2. (if省略) 倒装虚拟条件句 3. 含蓄条件句二. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1.以下动词：一 “坚持” (insist) , 二“命令” (order, command) , 四“建议” (advise, suggest, propose, recommend) , 五“要求” (ask, demand, require, request, desire) 以及这些动词相对应的名词， insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire与名词性从句连用，从句的谓语部分用(should)+do2 . wish 的宾语从句1） 与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were ) 2）与过去事实相反: 过去完成时/could have done3）与将来事实相反: would/could +V.原 ( should不能用)三. 虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式:sb did 与现在或将来情况相反1. would rather 宁愿，但愿 sb had done 与过去情况相反sb did 2. It is (high / about ) time (that) “是时候. (做某事) ” sb should do注意: should不能省略3. as if / as though与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were )与过去事实相反: 过去完成时 与将来事实相反: would/could + V.原 (了解) （ should 不能用）3. as if / as though4. 在以下的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气Its necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理应如此的) / important that It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder that.句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型四. 情态动词表示虚拟 1. 本想/打算做某事却没做would have done 2. 本应该做某事却没做should/ought to have done3. 本不该做某事却做了shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 4. 本能够做某事却没做could have done 5. 宁愿过去做了某事却没做would rather have done 6. 最好过去做了某事却没做had better have done 7. 本不必做某事却做了neednt have donemust have done过去肯定发生了 might have done过去可能发生了cant/ couldnt have done过去不可能发生虚拟语气应试对策：1.判断是否虚拟 2. 判断虚拟类型 3. 判断虚拟时间练习、虚拟语气1. If I _ where he lived, I _ a note to him.A. knew, wouldB. had known, would have sentC. know, would sendD. knew, would have sent2. If they _ earlier than expected, they _ here now.A. had started, would beB. started, might beC. had started, would have beenD. will start, might have been3. I didnt know his telephone number. _ it, I _ then.A. Had I known, would ring him upB. Should I know, would have rung him up C. If I knew; would ring him upD. Had I known; would have rung him up4. Mary is ill today. If she _ , she _ absent from school. A. were not ill; wouldn t beB. had been ill; wouldnt have been C. had been ill; should have beenD. hadnt been ill; could be5. Were I to do it, I _ it some other way. A. will do B. would doC. would have done D. were to do6. I _ him the answer _ possible, but I was so busy then. A. could tell; if it had beenB. must have told; were it C. should have told; had it beenD. should have told; should it be7. Without your help, we_ so much. A. won t achieve B. didn t achieve C. dont achieveD. wouldnt have achieved8. You didnt take his advice. _ his advice, you _ such a mistake. A. Had you taken; wouldnt have madeB. If you had taken; would make C. Were you lo take; shouldn t have madeD. Have you taken; won t have made9. We wish we _ what you did when we were at high school. A. didB. could have doneC. have doneD. should do10. She wishes she _ to the theatre last night. A. wentB. would goC. had goneD. were going11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he _ be tall when he grows up. A. could B. shouldC. would D. were able to12. My sister advised me that I _ accept the invitation. A. could B. mustC. should D. might13. He asks that he _ an opportunity to explain why hes refused to go there.A. is givenB. must giveC. should give D. be given14. Do you think of Wang Fangs suggestion that he _ Mr. Li to the party? A. will invite B. have invited C. is invited D. invite15. I insisted that he _ at once. A. be gone B. go C. would go D. might go16. Li Ming insisted that he _ anything at all.A. hadn t stolen B. shouldn t steal C. doesn t steal D. steal17. It is quite natural that my coming late again _ them very angry. A. had madeB. would makeC. makesD. make18. He acted as if he _ everything in the world. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. wont know19. Read it aloud so that I _ you clearly. A. may hearB. will hearC. hearD. have heard20. They got up early in order that they _ their first train. A. caught B. will catch C. might catch D. shall catch21. I am sorry that he _ in such poor health. A. are B. shall be C. were D. should be22. That is a good book. You _ it yesterday. A. could buy B. should buy C. should have bought D. bought23. It is high time we _ home. A. will go B. would goC. have goneD. went24. I d rather that you _ home. A. wentB. have goneC. will goD. had gone25. If only I _ to the lecture! A. listenB. will listen C. am listeningD. had listened26. - If he_ , he _ that food.- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken27.I didn t see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did comeC. came D. had come28. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will beC. would have been D. would be29. He _ you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give30. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have toB. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have toD. do not keep; have to31. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted that he _ home. A. stayed B. could stayC. has stayed D. stay32. Mr. Smith insisted that he _ the work all.A. had done B. have doneC. did D. so33. Jane would never have gone to the party _ that Mary would come to see her. A. has she known B. had she knownC. if she know D. if she has known34. If you had enough money, what _ ? A. will you buyB. would you buyC. would you have bought D. will you have bought35. If you _ that film late last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A. didnt see B. havent seenC. wouldnt have seen D. hadnt seen36. Our monitor requested that _.A. all the class studied more carefully the problem B. the problem was more carefully studiedC. with great care the problem could be studied D. all the class study t