过去进行时的用法.docx

过去进行时的用法一、过去进行时的时间状语1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。二、下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时：1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如：Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如：John was always coming to school late. 约翰上学总是迟到。Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷锋总是为人民做好事。3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如：It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如：I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。She was coming later. 她随后就来。三、过去进行时表示婉转语气（只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词），用以提出请求。如：I was wondering if you could help me.I was hoping you could send me home.过去进行时，是表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 用法：一、过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。二、 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)三、 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例题：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。过去进行时和一般过去时的区别一一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 、一般过去时 ）叙述过去状态、动作或事件 He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间） ）表示过去的习惯 a) would ,used to与过去时 would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间 used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯 They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。 Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去） She isnt what she used to be. (今昔对比) c) 表示状态时一般只用used to Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态) d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于.” He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常) He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应) ）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。 He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生) ）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等 How did you like the film? / Could you help me? B. 过去进行时 表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生 What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生) 短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算 During that time he was going with us.(表示打算) 与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。 He was always Changing his mind. 二、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。 I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段) I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”) B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用 It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用) He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时) C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。 I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行) I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. I saw him while I was walking to the station. 三、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） 1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。 Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget ) 2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. 4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 四、例题考题1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .(95) A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell 分析 时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B 考题2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ . A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked 分析 此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。 一、过去进行时的构成过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时由“was/ were+动词-ing”构成。二、过去进行时的用法过去进行时的基本用法表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生。I was having supper at 7:00 yesterday evening. 昨天晚上7点我正在吃晚饭。She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspaper. 她弹钢琴时我在看报。表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。We were talking about you the whole morning. 我们整个上午都在说你。提示当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时。We listened carefully while the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。如：He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。She said she was leaving for New York the next month. 她说她下个月动身去纽约。过去进行时的特殊用法表示故事发生的背景。It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. 汤姆乘没人注意时溜进了房间。表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。Five minutes later, he was standing at the door, smoking. 5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。The baby was crying hard, and suddenly the crying stopped.这婴儿在大声啼哭，突然，哭声停止了。点津坊过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外面玩时天突然下起了雨。用来陈述原因或用作借口。She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。I havent finished my homework because I was helping my mother at home all day yesterday.我作业没做完是因为我昨天一直帮妈妈在家干活。与always, constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 过去他总是向我要钱。过去进行时与一般过去时的比较一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了)She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完)一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。She was waving to me. 她不断地朝我挥手。The boy jumped up and down. 这男孩跳了一下。The boy was jumping up and down. 这男孩不停地跳着。句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去进行时。一、构成方法过去进行时由 was/were 加现在分词构成。二、用法说明表示在过去某一时刻