北京市高考英语一轮复习 第15讲 时态和语态（下）2(1).doc

第15讲 时态和语态经典精讲（下）开篇语it is the first time that sb. has done sth.it was the first time sb. had done sth.hardly had sb. done sth. when sth. happened.no sooner had sb. done sth. than sth. happened.sb. is always doing sth. 表说话者说话时的一种情感色彩，赞扬、责备或批评。表位移方向的动词的现在进行时表将来。 im leaving for shanghai tomorrow.by+将来时间状语或表将来时态的句子，要用将来完成时态；by+过去时间状语或表过去时态的句子，要用过去完成时态。动词时态解题要素之-语境暗示语境暗示主要是指上下文语境或前后语境提示。如whats the noise或look, listen等在题干中出现时要用现在进行时；并列句、复合句前后语境里时态的暗示等。考生在解答时态试题时，若题干中既找不到时间状语，又不是测试的固定句型时，考生得从上下文语境考虑了，即题干前后时态或句子意思的暗示。这样就能迅速而准确的找到关键信息点，问题就迎刃而解了。此类考点也是高考时态试题测试的重点。考生应该重点掌握。高考题示例（划线的斜体部分为高考题的正确答案，加粗字体部分是语境暗示部分）1. i was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone had done it. was it you? 2. i walked slowly through the market, where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables. i studied the prices carefully and bought what i needed. 3. the church tower which is being restored will be open to tourists soon. the work is almost finished. 4. we have been working on this project for four hours. lets have a rest. 5. when shall we restart our business? not until we have finished our plan6. youve failed to do what you were expected to and im afraid the teacher will blame you7. linda makes sure the tables are set before the guests arrive.8. the telephone was ringing, but by the time i got indoors, it stopped. 9. teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. 10. whats that noise? oh, i forgot to tell you. the new machine is being tested.解题步骤：步骤之一：结合选项确定此题是考查动词的时态语态。步骤之二：结合句子的意思来确定主语与谓语动词是主动还是被动的关系，排除错误选项。步骤之三：从解答动词的时态语态的三要素-时间状语、固定句型和语境暗示来确定正确答案。金题精讲题一：i wonder why jenny _ us recently. we should have heard from her by now.a. hasnt written b. doesnt write c. wont write d. hadnt written题二：at this time tomorrow _ over the atlantic.a. were going to flyb. well be flying c. well flyd. were to fly题三：my brother is an actor. he _ several films so far.a. appears b. appeared c. has appearedd. is appearing题四：the two friends _ on the internet for three hours, and they would go on till the next morning.a. had been chatting b. had chattedc. were chatting d. has been chatting题五：mrs. white became a teacher in 1985. she _ for twenty years by next summer.a. will teachb. would have taught c. has been taught d. will have been teaching题六：as you all know, it is the second time i _ your boarding school.a. visited b. had visited c. have visited d. visit题七：did you make a phone call to your stepparent?certainly. hardly _ the airport when i phoned her.a. did i arrive at b. have arrived at c. had i reached d. did i get to题八：is your father a party member?sure. he said it was 21 years since he _ the party.a. joined b. has joined c. had joined d. joins题九：it was not until he took up fishing that he _ to relax.a. had begun b. began c. has begun d. begins题十：should it rain tomorrow, we _ ourselves at home.a. will enjoyb. would enjoyc. are going tod. are to题十一：will you go to the party?of course, i will if _.a. having invited b. invited c. i was invited d. i will be invited题十二：ive won a holiday for two days to florida. i _ my mum.a. am taking b. have taken c. take d. will have taken题十三：i _ ping-pong quite well, but i havent had time to play since the new year.a. played b. will playc. have played d. play题十四：john and i _ friends for eight years. we first got to know each other at a christmas party. but we _ each other a couple of years before that.a. had been; have seenb. have been; have seenc. had been; had seend. have been; had seen题十五：you havent said a word about my new coat, brenda. do you like it?im sorry. i _ anything about it sooner. i certainly think its pretty on you.a. wasnt saying b. dont sayc. wont sayd. didnt say题十六：scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today.a. arent; arent b. arent; werec. werent; are d. werent; were题十七：did you tell julia about the result?oh, no, i forgot. i _ her now.a. will be calling b. will callc. calld. am to call题十八：1. this kind of cloth _.a. sells good b. sells well c. isnt sold well d. isnt sold good2. the bestseller _ up so far. a. has been sold b. has sold c. is sold d. sells课后拓展练习注：此部分为老师根据本讲课程内容为大家精选的课下拓展题目，故不在课堂中讲解，请同学们课下自己练习并对照详解进行自测.题一：i wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite.a. was just being b. will just be c. had just been d. would just be题二：experiments of this kind _ in both the u.s. and europe well before the second world war.a. have conductedb. have been conducted c. had conductedd. had been conducted题三：after getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ four days later.a. rescuedb. was rescuedc. has rescued d. had been rescued题四：when i got on the bus, i _ i had left my wallet at home.a. was realizingb. realizedc. have realizedd. would realize题五：i hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?well, its very hard work and im always tired, but i dont mind.a. are working b. will work c. were working d. will be working金题精讲题一：a题二：b题三：c题四：a题五：d题六：c题七：c题八：c题九：b 题十：b题十一：b 题十二：a 题十三：d 题十四：d题十五：d 题十六：c 题十七：b 题十八：1.b 2.a课后拓展练习题一：a详解：句意：我不确定他是否真的感兴趣，还是仅仅表现的有礼貌。主句是过去时，从句应该用过去的某个时态，b是将来时，可以首先排除；c是过去已经表现的有礼貌，d是过去将要表现的有礼貌，均可排除。过去表现的一直有礼貌，所以选a.题二：d详解：before the second world war是过去的时间状语，且句意表示动作