高三英语二轮复习 专题能力提升练 十五 第二篇 阅读技能探究 专题二 完形填空 第3讲 议论文.doc

专题二 完形填空 第3讲 议论文五限时20分钟/篇we humans love to make comparisons. on the market, we1apples to find the best ones. in the classroom, teachers compare their students to the2student. and parents compare their child to his or her peers(同龄人)to3an idea of what is“normal”. 4, comparisons of any kind come with a sting(刺痛)for everyone. when parents make it clear to anyone that their child is5to all other children in all ways, they put their child under6. some children will obey when they are pressured to7their parents need for perfection; others may8, trying to be just like any other kid, or, better still, to be just who they are. in other9, parents who compare their child to other children might end up10their child is somehow “deficient(有缺点的)”. and, again, they pressure their child to be11enough. a most disturbing12of all this comparing is that it pushes children into the destructive world of competition. “in a13culture, a child is told that it isnt enough to be goodhe or she must14others, ”writes alfie kohn, a parenting expert. according to kohn, research doesnt15the theory that competition brings success. one after another, researchers have concluded that children dont learn better16education is changed into a competitive struggle. competition prevents a childs ability17not only educationally but socially, too. so, 18competition, cooperation(合作)! instead of19other peoples children, parents need to pay close attention to their own, learn who they are, discover their interests and talents, and teach them how to cooperate with others. they will need role models to20them. 【文章大意】本文是议论文。相互比较只会将孩子推向竞争的世界里, 而竞争只会阻碍孩子发展。因此, 我们要提倡合作而非竞争。1. a. seeb. touchc. selld. compare【解析】选d。词汇复现题。下一句中compare与本题选项中compare是原词复现。2. a. matureb. newc. modeld. overseas【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。在教室里, 老师将他们的学生与模范生进行比较。3. a. getb. usec. shared. explain【解析】选a。上下文语境题。父母通过比较他们的孩子与其同龄人得知什么是正常的。4. a. thereforeb. howeverc. otherwised. besides【解析】选b。上下文语境题。该空后的sting与上一段的内容形成对比, 此空填however符合语境。5. a. harmfulb. superiorc. responsibled. thankful【解析】选b。固定搭配题。superior to优于。根据上文内容以及下文的their parents need for perfection可知, 此处指: 当父母向他人讲清楚他们的孩子在各方面都优于别的孩子时。6. a. pressureb. controlc. discussiond. consideration【解析】选a。固定搭配题。under pressure在压力之下。根据上下文, 此处指: 当父母向他人讲清楚他们的孩子在各方面都优于别的孩子时会使他们的孩子处于压力下。7. a. expressb. provec. satisfyd. create【解析】选c。固定搭配题。satisfy ones need满足某人的需要。根据上文的obey可知, 此处指有些孩子努力满足他们父母对完美的追求。8. a. disappearb. waitc. resistd. rest【解析】选c。上下文语境题。根据上文的obey可知, 此处指有些孩子努力满足他们父母对完美的追求; 而有的孩子可能会反抗。9. a. casesb. wordsc. waysd. nations【解析】选a。词义辨析题。上文举例说明孩子对父母的需要做出的不同反应, 下文讲在其他情形下, 父母对孩子下的结论。10. a. denyingb. decidingc. predictingd. concluding【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。根据该空后的deficient可知, 这是父母通过比较他们的孩子和其他孩子后得出的结论。11. a. honestb. goodc. patientd. polite【解析】选b。上下文语境题。父母认为孩子不够好, 所以又给孩子施压, 让他们变得足够好。12. a. processb. consequencec. purposed. method【解析】选b。逻辑推理题。根据空后的pushes children into the destructive world of competition可知, 这是比较造成的令人不安的后果。13. a. traditionalb. scientificc. politicald. competitive【解析】选d。词汇复现题。该空前的competition与该空选项中的competitive是同源复现词。14. a. defeatb. acceptc. recognized. choose【解析】选a。上下文语境题。在竞争的环境中, 孩子被告知表现好还远远不够, 他们必须要打败别人。15. a. testb. challengec. supportd. change【解析】选c。上下文语境题。根据下一句可知, 研究并不支持竞争带来成功这一理论。16. a. althoughb. untilc. whend. unless【解析】选c。上下文语境题。当教育变成一种竞争性的争夺时, 孩子们并不能学得更好。17. a. losingb. progressingc. showingd. reducing【解析】选b。上下文语境题。竞争阻碍了孩子们教育和社交能力的发展。18. a. apart fromb. because ofc. as ford. instead of【解析】选d。词汇复现题。下一句中的instead of与本题选项中instead of是原词复现。另外, 联系上下文可知, 此处强调要合作, 而不是竞争。19. a. shouting atb. laughing atc. looking atd. striking at【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。根据该空后的pay close attention to提示可知, 此处填looking at符合语境。20. a. guideb. forcec. invited. expect【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。根据上一句中的teach them how to可知, 此处指他们需要引导。(2015泰州三模)music is the art of thinking with sounds. jules combarieumusic produces significant and lasting changes in the brain. schools should add music classes, not cut them. nearly 20 years ago, a small study advanced the1that listening to mozarts sonata(奏鸣曲)could boost mental functioning. it was not long2trademarked “mozart effect” products began to3anxious parents aiming to put toddlers(刚学步的孩子)on the fast track to top-ranking universities like harvard and yale. georgias governor even4giving every newborn there a classical cd or cassette. the5for mozart therapy turned out to be weak, perhaps nonexistent, although the6study never claimed anything more than a temporary and limited effect. in recent years, 7, scientists have examined the benefits of a continuous8to study and practice music, in contrast to playing a mozart cd or a computer-based “brain fitness” game9. advanced monitoring10have/has enabled scientists to see what happens inside your head when you listen to your mother and actually practice the violin for an hour every afternoon. and they have found that music11can produce significant and lasting changes that12the general ability to learn. these results should13public officials that music classes are not a mere decoration, ready for being given up in the budget crises that constantly14public schools. studies have shown that15instrument training from an early age can help the brain to16sounds better, making it17to stay focused when absorbing other subjects, from literature to mathematics. the musically experiences are better able to18a biology lesson despite the noise in the classroom19, a few years later, to finish a call with a client when a colleague in the next office starts screaming a subordinate(下属). they can be engaged in several things at once, which is a(n)20skill in this era of multitasking. 【文章大意】文章论述了音乐对人的大脑的作用, 坚持学习音乐能改善人的综合学习能力, 所以作者提出, 不要因为预算原因减少学校里的音乐课。1. a. noteb. noticec. idead. impression【解析】选c。上下文语境题。将近20年前一个小的研究就提出这样的观点: 听莫扎特的奏鸣曲能促进心理机能。2. a. untilb. thatc. sinced. before【解析】选d。固定搭配题。it be+一段时间+before是固定句型, 意为“过了一段时间就”。3. a. apply forb. appeal toc. interfere withd. get across【解析】选b。上下文语境题。过了不久, 莫扎特效应的产品就开始吸引焦虑的父母。4. a. proposedb. pushedc. submittedd. permitted【解析】选a。上下文语境题。佐治亚州的州长甚至提议给那里的每一个新生儿一张古典cd或磁带。5. a. contextb. evidencec. symptomd. witness【解析】选b。上下文语境题。莫扎特音乐治疗的证据结果被证明非常弱, 或者可能根本不存在。6. a. advancedb. recentc. originald. latest【解析】选c。上下文语境题。尽管最初的研究仅仅宣称有暂时和有限的效果。7. a. howeverb. moreoverc. somehowd. therefore【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。本句与前文之间是转折关系。8. a. potentialb. attentionc. researchd. effort【解析】选d。上下文语境题。然而, 最近几年, 科学家检测了连续努力学习和练习音乐的好处。9. a. frequentlyb. occasionallyc. additionallyd. optionally【解析】选b。逻辑推理题。根据句中in contrast to提示, 与前面continuous形成对比, 故此处选occasionally。10. a. principlesb. techniquesc. informationd. management【解析】选b。背景常识题。先进的监控科技使科学家能够看到你大脑内部发生了什么。11. a. subjectsb. modelsc. causesd. lessons【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。前文提到study and practice, 后文提到learn, 可见是音乐课程才能产生显著而持久的改变。12. a. improveb. introducec. ensured. accelerate【解析】选a。上下文语境题。音乐课产生的这种显著而持久的变化能够改善学习的综合能力。13. a. conveyb. convincec. contactd. conclude【解析】选b。上下文语境题。这些结果应该让公职官员相信, 音乐课不仅仅是一种装饰。14. a. disappointb. distributec. transformd. trouble【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。财政危机不断困扰着公立学校。15. a. urgentb. casualc. hard-workingd. outstanding【解析】选c。上下文语境题。研究表明早期努力的乐器训练能够帮助大脑更好地处理声音。16. a. promoteb. processc. preferd. predict【解析】选b。背景常识题。大脑听声音的过程也是处理的过程。17. a. easierb. harderc. tougherd. faster【解析】选a。逻辑推理题。上文提到学习音乐能改善学习的综合能力。18. a. hold onb. concentrate onc. insist ond. count on【解析】选b。词汇复现题。上一句中的stay focused与本题选项的concentrate是同义词。19. a. butb. soc. ord. for【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。空格前后列举了两件事情, 是选择关系。20. a. elegantb. specificc. essentiald. unique【解析】选c。上下文语境题。在这个多任务处理时代, 这种技能是必要的。a person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. he may have the belief that he is not capable of it. a child may think he is1because he doesnt understand how to make the2of his mental faculties(才能). older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of learning new things because of their3. a person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real4because he feels that it would be useless. he wont go at a job with confidence necessary for5, and he wont work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. he is6likely to fail, and the failure will7his belief in his competence(才能). alfred alder, a famous doctor, had a(n)8like this. when he was a small boy, he had a poor9in maths. his teacher told his parents he had no ability in maths in order that they would not10too much of him. in this way, they two11the idea. he accepted12mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to13and was very poor at maths, 14as they expected. one day he worked at a problem which15of the other students had been able to solve. alder16in solving the problem. this gave him confidence. he17with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at maths. he not only18that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned19in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may20himself as well as others by his ability. 【文章大意】本文主要阐述了由于对自己缺乏足够的认识, 人们不能正确看待自身的潜力而产生不好的后果, 并通过一则事例说明要充分挖掘自己的潜力, 相信自己, 不要轻易言败。1. a. cleverb. shyc. usefuld. stupid【解析】选d。上下照应题。与下文的doesnt understand对应。stupid愚蠢的, 迟钝的。2. a. biggestb. mostc. highestd. deepest【解析】选b。固定搭配题。固定词组make the most of充分利用。因为他不知道如何充分利用自己的智能, 所以他认为自己愚蠢。3. a. abilityb. agec. braind. knowledge【解析】选b。上下照应题。联系上文的older people, 说的是年龄问题。4. a. decisionb. successc. effortd. trouble【解析】选c。词义辨析题。那些认为自己没有能力的人就不会做出真正的努力。effort努力。5. a. workb. studyc. improvementd. success【解析】选d。上下照应题。自信是成功的必备因素。success成功。6. a. trulyb. reallyc. howeverd. therefore【解析】选d。副词辨析题。therefore因此, 所以。不努力工作加上缺乏信心, 失败也是理所当然的。7. a. lead tob. strengthenc. increased. add to【解析】选b。词义辨析题。失败会强化其认为自己无能的信念。lead to导致; strengthen加强; increase增加; add to增加。8. a. experienceb. examplec. thoughtd. story【解析】选a。词义辨析题。根据下文描述老师认为他数学很差的这样的经历。experience经历; example事例; thought想法; story故事。9. a. stateb. mindc. startd. ending【解析】选c。背景常识题。小时候在数学启蒙的时候他开始学得很不好。sta