新概念第三册44课.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Lesson 44 Speed and comfort 又快捷又舒适If I ask you to write a composition about the advantage of travelling by air, what will you illustrate, how will you arrange your composition?refer to L411. offer your topic of the advantage of travelling by air.2. 通过对比法3. State your view要求全文背诵【New words and expressions】 生词和短语positively adv. 绝对地，完全地compartment n. 列车客车厢内的分隔间（或单间）cramped adj. 窄小的stuffy adj. 憋气的，闷气的monotonous adj. 枯燥的，乏味的，单调的rhythm n. 有节奏的运动click v. 发出咔哒声lull v. 催人欲睡snatch n. 短时，片段sleeper n. 卧铺fumble v. 乱摸，摸索inspection n. 检查inevitably adv. 必然地，不可避免地destination n. 目的地exhaust v. 使精疲力尽motorway n. 快车道ferry n. 渡船cruise n. 巡游船civilize v. 使文明；civilization n. 文明；civilized adj. 文明的spacious adj. 宽敞的seasick adj. 晕船的；airsick adj. 晕飞机的；carsick adj. 晕车的intimidate v. 恐吓，恫吓disadvantage n. 短处，缺点exhilarating adj. 使人高兴的，令人兴奋的escapist n. 逍遥者sip v. 呷，啜champagne n. 香槟酒refinement n. 精心的安排breathtaking adj. 激动人心的；不寻常的soar v. 高飞，翱翔effortlessly adv. 不费力地landscape n. 景色fresh adj. 精神饱满的uncrumpled adj. 没有跨下来positively adv. 绝对地，完全地in a positive waydoubt; doubtful; uncertain; dubious 表示不是很肯定The food is positively uneatable.Can you really do it positively?在这儿相当于sure, of cause, certainly, no problema piece of cake, no sweat, its a snack 都表示不成问题I bet 我肯定compartment n. 列车客车厢内的分隔间（或单间）cramped adj. 窄小的stuffy adj. 憋气的，闷气的= airlessThat classroom must be stuffy.rhythm n. 有节奏的运动click v. 发出咔哒声roar 车辆飞快行驶发出的声音bark 狗叫Dont bark your order at me.monotonous adj. 枯燥的，乏味的，单调的tedious, dull, uninterestingmonotonous = lacking varietyEg: I dont like the way of your teaching, it is monotonous.I hate the monotonous rhythm of travelling by train.tedious 乏味的（重点突出long and uninteresting 冗长乏味的 ）Eg: Your article is tedious.dull 语意比较弱，= uninteresting Eg: I cant get along well with Mary, she is a dull girl. Look at that dull person.Tiresome = tiring 由于疲劳而厌倦tiredEg: He is tired of sleeping on the floor, because he has done so for ten years.Long lasting meetings are tiring .You are tiresome.You are a little bit tiresome.handsomebore v.bored adj.boring adj. 持续时间过长而厌倦Eg : I am tired of doing so.I am bored with doing so. 我厌烦这么做。be tired ofbe bored withlull v. 催人欲睡vt. =cause sb. to sleepEg: The mother lulled her baby to sleep.lull sb to sleep 催人入睡lull vi.风和日丽What a good day, the wind lulled.lullaby 催眠曲snatch n. 短时，片段catch, seize, grab, in snatches 断断续续地Eg: On the train, we sleep in snatches.sleeper n. 卧铺fumble vt. 乱摸，摸索Eg: He fumbled the door open. 他摸索着把门打开了。He put his hand into his pocket to take the key out.He fumbled in his pocket for the key.search forinspection n. 检查inevitably adv. 必然地，不可避免地Eg: Human beings are mortal, so inevitable we make mistakes, no matter how wise and eminent you are.destination n. 目的地L44-01 end 1805”L44-02 begin 1848”exhaust vt. 使精疲力尽exhausted adj.exhausting adj.tire outEg: Im exhausted. 我精疲力尽了。What exhausts you? 什么使你精疲力尽呀？Im tired out.wear out 使疲劳，使磨损wornworn outEg: Look, your dress is worn out. 瞧，你的衣服穿坏了。After a days work hard, I am worn out.knock outKnock sb out 1，把某人打晕，2，某人筋疲力尽Eg: The arduous work knocked me out. 这项艰难的工作使我精疲力尽。Fatigue 使筋疲力尽，使疲劳（书面）Eg: The piece of work fatigues me. Does your work fatigue you?motorway n. 快车道express way, highwayferry n. 渡船cruise n. 巡游船civilize v. 使文明spacious adj. 宽敞的Eg: Is your classroom spacious?Our classroom is not so spacious as that one.I would like to lie in the spacious classroom instead of sitting here.=roomya roomy housecapacious 容量大的capacity 容量commodious 宽敞的，便利的 (= roomy and convenient )Eg: The cinema is both roomy and convenient.The cinema is commodious.expansive 易膨胀的，广阔的Eg: Id like to appreciate expansive sea / ocean. 我喜欢欣赏浩瀚的海洋。vast 幅员辽阔的Eg: The desert in our country is vast, that is a major problem.extensive 广泛的，广阔的extensive reading 泛读intensive reading 精读Eg: You can enlarge you vocabulary by intensive reading.widespread 流传广的，分布广的Eg: The kind of news is widespread.far-reaching 触及很远的，流传久远的Eg: I have a good idea and it is far-reaching.seasick adj. 晕船的airsick 晕飞机的carsick 晕车的bicyclesick 晕自行车的bussick晕公交车的Homesick 想家的分别在词尾加上后缀-ness变成名词Homesickness 思乡之情intimidate v. 恐吓，恫吓frighten, horrify, terrifyEg: Nothing can intimidate me.disadvantage n. 短处，缺点exhilarating adj. 使人高兴的，令人兴奋的exhilarate vt. = very much excite 比excite 语义强烈得多，正式得多Eg: Im exhilatated by your visit. 对于你的来访我是高兴极了。stimulate 刺激，激励stimulate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事Eg: Your courage stimulated me to do so.inspire激励（通过言辞）Inspire sb to do 激励某人做某事（通过言辞）Stir 鼓动，鼓舞Eg: Who stired you to do it like this? You should look before you leap. 谁鼓动你这么做？你应该三思而后行。spur 刺激Eg: His rude remarks spured me.encourageEg: He always encourages me to study hard when Im unwilling to do so.escapist n. 逍遥者sip v. 呷，啜vt & n.= drink a little at a time.take a sip of sth 喝一点Eg: Im really thirsty, would you mind my taking a sip of your Coffee?have a taste of sth 尝一点Eg: Im so hungry that I want to have a taste of your cake.You can take a sip of my Coffee, but my cake only belongs to me.champagne n. 香槟酒refinement n. 精心的安排refine 使人精力充沛Eg: Coffee always refined us.Coffee always made us fresh.L44-02 end 1848”L44-03 begin 1833”breathtaking adj. 激动人心的；不寻常的Eg: The picture takes my breath. 这幅画太美了。The girl takes my breath.The beautiful dress takes my breath.decide to go for a trip 决定旅行Eg: We decided to go for a breathtaking trip.soar v. 高飞，翱翔Eg: We cant soar in the blue sky without wings.soar effortlessly 自由翱翔effortlessly adv. 不费力地landscape n. 景色landscape 指从高处或远处远望高看的这种大地的漂亮的风光spectacle = extroordinary sightscenery 自然风光scene 场面view 透过窗户看到的景色Eg: Our classroom doesnt have a good view.The rising sun in the Tai Mountain is a spectacle / landscape.fresh adj. 精神饱满的a fresh man Eg: Look at that guy, he is really fresh.他很帅uncrumpled adj. 没有跨下来Eg: He went Home fresh and uncrumpled.【课文讲解】People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air.现在分词短语修饰peoplepeople who travel long distance frequentlyfrequently 定期地，经常地 quite oftenhave to decide= have to make up their mindwould rather; would sooner 要和动词原形搭配had better do 最好地would prefer to dowould rather dohardly + anyone 等不定代词时不倒装，在这相当于nobody; 或 nearly nobody, virtually nobodyYou concentrate your mind on the journey itself, nothing can help you to keep away from it.take your mind off sth 把某人注意力从转移开Eg: A holiday can take your mind off your anxiety.Do keep your mind off your unHappiness.I cant take my mind off my examination, because examination day is coming.partial solution = one part of solutionL44-03 end 1833”L44-04 begin 1835”Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.exhausted 在这里是形容词做状语wear out; tire out; fatigue; knock out 筋疲力尽Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read.The writer emphasize disadvantage of travelling by train.Travelling by car is moeunpleasant than travelling in the train.fairly 的语气是最弱的more often than not 主要用在书面语言当中，means very often, usually, frequetlyBy comparison 通过对比offer = providecomforts 在这儿指代serviceBe likely to do 有可能= it is probable thatcould not be + 形容词比较级， can not be +形容词比较级，no could be 表示“没有什么比”Eg: Nobody can be more beautiful than you.No place can / could be better. 没有什么地方比这儿更好。relatively 相对来讲Eg: A large number of people are prepared to sacrifice their higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar.Relatively, few people are prepared to sacrifice their holiday time for the dubious pleasure of travelling by sea.dubious = uncertain = doubtfulparagraph 2Aeroplanes are famous / well-known for its being dangerous.L44_42-04 end 1835”L44-05 begin 1852”have the disadvantage ofhave the reputation ofmatch sb. forbut nothing can be equal to them.第二部分当中是采用对比法It is almost impossible to take your mindoff the journey.You dont have to / neednt devise ways of taking your mind off the journey.hardly whenYou had hardly had time to feel tired when you arrived at your destination.on some services 在这里指代on airplaneKeep ones mind off 转移注意力Keep sb. occupied 集中注意力however = no matter howIf you can do without the few pleasures of travelling by land, you will find aeroplanes provide up with the best.Please illustrate the disadvantage and advantage of studying abroad.at first, you must illustrate your topicthe disadvantage of studying at Home.the disadvantage of studying abroad.最后通过实例详细论述出国留学的好处。关于写作：三段法第一段：开门见山中间段：支持段一般是由一段或两段组成，目的是支持论点 每段的开头一句话和最后一句话一定要和主题密切联系。参见Lesson 41L44-05 end 1852”Lesson44A end 1:32:39Lesson44B begin 1:12:29L44-06 begin 1843”最主要的方法有三种：对比法，比较法，例证法结尾段起到的作用是再次肯定和强调主题，加深读者印象。段落是由主题句，扩展句组成，扩展句之后是具体的例子。想表达不同的理论概念，要用转折句。主题句应该要简练，要明确地表达中心思想。Eg: 1. The discrimination agaist women is very obvious in the world.2. The discrimination agaist women is especially obvious in the job of marketing.3. The discrimination agaist women began in 1910.topic 应为2。主题句应该具有概括性，但是概括又不能太宽泛。主题句确立之后，还要进一步利用扩展句为说明解释主题句的内容。重复使用关键词。内容要连贯。衔接词的使用1 起 （开篇，引出论点）： at first, first, firstly, in the beginning(起初)， first of all, at present(目前), nowadays, currently, to start with, to begin with ,for one thing(首先), for another(其次), in one hand 一方面， in the other hand 另一方面2 承： to start with, at the same time, at any rate无论如何， besides此外，除了之外还有，apart from, in addition, in addition to, furthermore, in fact 事实上，actually, as a matter of fact, in reality , moreover, no doubt, without any doubt, similarly 同样地， in the same way , meanwhile, in the meantime, obviously明显地，particularly, such as, for example, for instance, consequently, as a consequence, as a result, what is more, what is worse, what is betterabove allL44-06 end (43-02 ) 1843”L44-07 begin 1636”3折： after all 毕竟，终究, all the same 虽然，但是， anyway 无论如何, somehow, but, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, by the time 到这个时候，此时，conversely, on the contrary, despite, in spite of , in contempt of, in disregard of, by contrast, by comparison, fortunately, in other words 换句话说，on the other hand, unlike 和不同，不像, whereas然而， Eg: He made a mistake, after all he is a child aged 5. Even though you are not of most help, Im grateful to you just the same. I had expected myself to pass the examination, somehow I failed. I dont have the ability to do the work, fortunately my friends romise me to help me.4合： 主要是用来小结上文的或是用作结尾段: accordingly于是，因此，as has been noted (above) 如前所述的，as has been mentioned, as has been talked of, at last, finally, lastly, at length, briefly简而言之，in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, in sum, in summary, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, on the whole 总起说来 L44-07 end 1636”L44-08 begin 1556” no doubt 毫无疑问， undoubtedly, truly, certainly, positively, surely, obviously, Topic 主题1. 可以使用谚语作为topicas the saying goes; as proverb goes2. 定义法What is advertisement, it is the words or pictures on a media to promote product / the sale of product. 作业：illustrate your opinion about advertisements on media.3. 可以使用提问法:Lesson 7 illustrate your opinion about friendship Do you have a good / large circle of friends?4. 概括法：出现在开头段的首句或末句。 I quite agree with this idea.5. 间接开头法：先叙述别人的观点，然后引出自己的真实看法。Eg: People often say that money can buy all the things, but I think it is not true.读文章时的注意点：1 注意结构安排2 找出文章关键词3 注意每一自然段的段首段尾。L44-08 end 1556”L44-09 begin 1123”【Vocabulary 】Page 206cramped and stuffy: not roomy, not sacious, lacking space, airless lacking space and airmonotonous 单调乏味的 unchanginglulls: cause to sleepin snatches: not continuouslydestination: terminalDestination is a place where someone is going.stretch your legs: have a rest, go for a walksarifice : give up for a purpose【Multiple choice questions】Comprehension1. The great disadvantage shared by train and car travel alike is _ .a. the fact that one cannot get to sleep on either form of transportb. the fact that one cannot concentrate on what one is readingc. the monotony of travelling at fast speeds along railway lines or roadsd. the tedium and discomfort of the journeyThe great disadvantage that shared by train and car travel alike asalike; as wellwas adored by the rich and poor alike.2 An aeroplane journey invariably provides such distractions as _ .a. the thought that one has not long to wait before arrivingb. the exhilarating quality of the air one breathes at 30,000 feetc. being able to watch a film or drink champagned. the marvellous views of land or clouds you can see from the planedistraction 转移注意力such as比如He can speak such languages as English, Japanese.背熟题干3 Having arrived at your destination by air, you will _ .a. not feel exhausted as you will have had plenty of sleepb. feel the expense was worth the comfort and speed of the 500-mile flightc. have the satisfaction of knowing you could not have got there any fasterd. at least feel fresh though your clothes might be a massL44-09 end (44-01) 1123”L44-10 begin 1006”No forms of transport can be more comfortable and faster than aeroplanes.Structure4 People travelling long distances frequently have to decide _ they would prefer to go by land see or air. (ll.1-2)a. which b. how c. what d. if5 If you are _ a sleeper (ll.8-9)a. luckily getting b. lucky and get c. to get luckily d. so lucky to get6 -and enjoy good food _ , of course, that the sea is calm. (ll.13-14)a. provided b. in the event c. in case d. if only如果内心的期望和事实没有关系，表达“如果”采用的结构形式不是if,不是suppose, 而是providing or providedEg: Ill take all the shirts if / provided you reduce the price to $1 each.7 In addition, it _ their being the most expensive form of transport. (l.19)a. has been a grave disadvantage b. is the great disadvantage thatc. is a great disadvantage d. has been the great disadvantage ofin addition 表示承上启下，除此之外还有如果用apart