Unit 2 Grammar.ppt

Unit2HealthyeatingGrammar 情态动词 情态动词 表示推测 不表示推测 cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwould oughttohavetoneed needn t dare daren t usedto 表示推测 情态动词的重要用法 肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测 must 对将来对现在对过去 情态动词 may might can t couldn t can could V V havedone常见mustbe bedoing V V havedone bedoing V V havedone bedoing V V havedone bedoing e g Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw Yououghtnottogo should常表示劝告 建议 命令 与oughtto意义相近 但oughtto多表示责任 义务 语气强烈 在疑问句中通常用should代替oughtto must haveto must haveto must用于一般问句中 肯定回答用must否定式用needn t或don thaveto 做 不必 mustn t表示 禁止 不允许 e g MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime Yes youmust No youneedn t Youmustn tgetoffwhilethecarisstillmoving must havedone表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测 意为 想必 准是 一定作了某事 1 Itmusthaverainedlastnight fortheroadwasverymuddy 昨晚一定是下雨了 因为地上很泥泞 2 Wemusthavelearned2 000wordsbytheendoflastterm 到上学期为止我们一定学了有两千个单词 3 HemusthavegonetoBeijing 他一定已经去北京了 can could havedone表示对过去的行为的怀疑和不肯定 通常用在否定句和疑问句中 1 Cantheyhavewonthebasketballmatch 他们可能赢了篮球赛吗 2 Itcouldn thavebeenMr Green HehasgonetoNewYork 那不可能是格林先生的 他已经去北京了 could 不用can havedone 在肯定句中表示 本来能够 而没能 具有婉转的批评和责备之意 1 Icouldhavepassedmyexameasily butImadetoomanystupidmistakes 我本来能够轻易通过考试 但我犯了太多不该犯的错误 2 Youcouldhavereportedtomeearlier 你本该早点告诉我的 may might havedone表示对过去已发生行为的推测 意为 也许 或许已经 一般只用于肯定句和否定句中 不用于疑问句 might比may更委婉 含蓄和不肯定 1 It stoolate Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed 太晚了 我想他可能已经睡觉了 2 Hemay mightnothavefinishedthework 他可能没有完成工作 might 不用may havedone表示 本来可能 但实际上没有发生的事 另外 还可表示 本来应该或可以做某事 之意 含有轻微的责备语气 1 Youmightnothavetoldher 你本可以不告诉他的 事实上你告诉他了 2 Youmighthavecomeearlier 你本可以早点来的 但没有这样 needn t havedone表示做了本来不必去做的事 1 Sheneedn thavegonetothestationyesterday 昨天她本不必到火车站去的 昨天她去了 2 Youneedn thaveboughtit 你本可不必买它的 你买了 1 Iwonderwhytheyarelate They thetrain can thavemissedB couldmissC musthavemissedD mightmiss C 2 Oh I mnotfeelingwellinthestomach I somuchfriedchickenjustnow shouldn teatB shouldn thaveeatenC mustn teatD mustn thaveeaten B 3 HasMikestarted Hesaidhewouldjoinintheparty He Heisamanofkeepinghisword A couldhaveleftB musthaveleftC can tcomeD won tbecoming4 Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell It acomfortablejourney A can tbeB mustn thavebeenC shouldbeD couldn thavebeen B D 5 Whyhasn tJanearrivedyet She againinthemorning A shouldn thaveoversleptB mayhaveturnedoffthealarmclockC musthavenoonetocallherD shouldhavesomeonetowakeherup6 Didyougotothemoviethedaybeforeyesterday No We butwedecidednotto A shouldhavegoneB couldgoC shouldgoD couldhavegone B A 情态动词考题 1 Didthetrainarriveintime No It twohoursago A musthavearrivedB oughttohavearrivedC mustarriveD oughttoarrive2 MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren No A youshouldn tB youmightnotC youneedn tD youmustn t B C 3 You suchalongcomposition Theteacheronlyaskedfor300words Youhavewritten600 A mustn thavewrittenB couldn thavewrittenC needn thavewrittenD donothavetowrite C 4 Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor itbeTom A canB mustC shouldD oug