甘肃省英语多媒体教学优质课件：虚拟语气（二）.ppt

虚拟语气 thesubjunctivemood reviewgrammar reviewthesubjunctivemood 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想 所说的是一个条件 不一定是事实 或与事实相反 学习虚拟条件句还要注意以下4点 一 1 省略if若虚拟条件句中有were had should时 可省略if而将were had should移到句首 如 weretheyherenow theycouldhelpus iftheywereherenow theycouldhelpus hadyoucomeearlier youwouldhavemethim ifyouhadcomeearlier youwouldhavemethim shoulditrain thecropswouldbesaved wereittorain thecropswouldbesaved ifitshouldrain thecropswouldbesaved ifitweretorain thecropswouldbesaved 考题点击 fired yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff 2006湖北 31 a wouldyoubeb shouldyoubec couldyoubed mightyoube2 wererightaway youwouldarrivethereby5o clockp m a wouldyouleaveb willyouleavec wereyoutoleaved ifyou llleave3 hadtheboyworkedharder he theexams a musthavegotthoughb couldgetthoughc oughttogetthoughd wouldhavegotthough 2 错综时间虚拟条件句虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致 要注意主从句谓语形式 eg 1 ifyouhadfinishedwritingthebooklastmonth itwouldbepublishednextmonth 2 youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice 3 ifyouhadmethimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow 错综时间虚拟条件句 考题点击1 itishardformetoimaginewhatiwouldbedoingtodayifi inlove attheageofseven withthemelindacoxlibraryinmyhometown a wouldn thavefallenb hadnotfallenc shouldfalld weretofall2 jenny howwasyourtriptobeijing oh imissedit iwishi myvocationthere a amspendingb willspendc havespentd hadspent3 robintoldmethathewouldleavetonight whatapity mybrotherwishesthathe withhimforachat a canstayb willstayc hadstayedd wouldstay 3 含蓄虚拟条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来 而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示如 butfor without 及 butthat exceptfor 和 supposing otherwise 等表示含蓄的虚拟 butforyourhelp iwouldhavefailed withoutthemoney iwouldnotbealivenow supposingtherewerenogravity objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped shewasn tfeelingverywell otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly shewouldleaveherhusbandexceptforchildren 如果没有孩子的话 她就会离开她的丈夫的 考题点击 1 whatakindteacher butforyourhelp i mystudy a wouldn tfinishb wouldn thavefinishedc shouldn thavefinishedd mustn thavefinished 2 isupportedhimintime otherwisehe offthebike a mightfallb wouldfallc shouldhavefallend wouldhavefallen 3 withoutliberationwe anewlife a wouldnotbeginb wouldnothavebeenbegunc hadnotbegund wouldnothavebegun ifonly 过去完成时 一般过去时 对过去虚拟 对现在虚拟 could 完成时 4 ifonly从句ifonly要是 该多好啊 真希望 只要 就好 ifonlymarxwerestillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyes ifonlyshecouldhavelivedalittlelonger ifonlyshehadlivedalittlelonger 3 ifonlyhehadarrivedintime would could might 动词原形 对将来虚拟 比较ifonly与onlyif onlyif表示 只有 eg iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings 考题点击 1 ifonlygrandmother thistogetherwithusnow a willseeb couldseec mustseed shouldsee 2 ihadexploredspaceinshenzhou spaceship a ifonlyb nowthatc withthehelpd inspiteofthat3 ifonlyhe quietlyasthedoctorinstructed hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow a liesb layc hadlaind shouldlie lie躺 lay lain 二 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1 wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示与事实相反的愿望 其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态 例如 1 与现在事实相反 wish that did were iwishiwereashealthyasyou iwishthatihadaplane 2 与过去事实相反 wish that haddoneiwishihadbeentotheconcertlastnight iwishyouhadwrittentohim 3 与将来事实相反 wish would could might doiwishhewouldforgiveme 2 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should 动词原形的虚拟语气形式 should 可以省略 常见的动词有 一个坚持insist 两个命令order command 三条建议suggest advise propose 六项要求demand request require ask urge desire 注意 suggest表暗示 表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气 heorderedthatthestudents should washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves thedoctorsuggestedthatshe should haveanoperationatonce 考题点击 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take2 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold3 itwasorderedthatnosmoking inthelibrary a shouldallowb beallowedc willbeallowedd isallowed 三 主语从句中的虚拟语气 基本句型 1 itbe 过去分词 that should 动词原形 过去分词 suggested requested ordered proposed demanded arranged desired advised itisrequiredthatnobody should smokehere it ssuggestedthateverybody should buyadictionary 2 itbe 形容词 that should 动词原形 形容词 important necessary natural right wrong better proper funny strange surprising itisnecessarythatwe should haveawalknow it simportantthatwe should takegoodcareofthepatient howstrangethatyoushouldnothaveheardit itisquitenaturalthatsheshouldsucceed 3 itbe 名词 apity ashame nowonder that should 动词原形 itseemssuchapitythatyoushouldhavetospendthedayatthehotel 你得在旅馆里度过一天看来是一件遗憾的事情 itisaburningshamethatlittlechildrenshouldhavetobeginthestreet 小孩们得在街上乞讨 这是一件严重的可耻的事 itisnowonderthatsheshouldnotwritetoyou 她不给你写信一点也不奇怪 四 表语从句 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice decision等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 mysuggestionisthatwe should leaveatonce 1 表语从句 2 同位语从句 imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考题点击 hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry2 hegaveanadvicethatthey eachother a helpedb musthelpc helpd hadhelped3 mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople theretohelpme a besentb havesentc sentd shouldsent asif asthough 过去完成时 一般过去时 would could might 动词原形 对过去虚拟 对现在虚拟 对将来虚拟 eg theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shetakescareoftheorphanasifhewereherownchild shelooksasthoughhehadbeenill itlooksasifitmightrain 五 状语从句中的虚拟语气 考题点击 1 wefeltasifwe eachotherforyears a knewb wereknowingc hadknownd haveknowing2 itissocoolasifit autumn a beb wasc wered hadbeen 几种特殊句式的虚拟语气 wouldrather dosomething 宁愿做某事 wouldrather 句子 虚拟 过去完成时 一般过去时 一般过去时 对过去虚拟 对现在虚拟 对将来虚拟 iwouldratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway iwouldratheryouhadreturnedthebookyesterday don tcometomorrow i dratheryoucamenextweekend i drathershehadn tdonethat itis high about low timethat 一般过去时 should 动词原形 此处的should一般不省略 注意 此句型与下面的句型的区别 itistimeforsomebodytodosomething itisthefirsttimethat从句现在完成时itwasthefirsttimethat从句过去完成时 itistimeforustohavedinner itis about high timethatwehaddinner itisthefirstthathehavegonethere itwasthefirsttimethathehadgonethere wouldyoumind if从句中谓语动词一般用一般过去时 wouldyoumindifiopenedthewindow 如果我打开窗户 你不反对吗 doyoumindifismoke 我抽烟你不介意吧 注意 wouldyouminddoingsth wouldyoumindmysmoking 1 henrywouldratherhismother intheschoolwhereheisstudying a notworkb notworkedc didn tworkd notworking2 isn tittimethatyou someone slife earlier a willmake abitb made alotofc made abitd have alittle 考题点击 高考链接 1 ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother a hascomeb didcomec camed hadcome met94 2 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken met95 3 youdidn tletmedrive ifweinturn yousotired a drove