高考英语一轮总复习 课时作业27 Poems 新人教版.doc

课时作业27poems.阅读理解sensing phantom phone vibrations(手机虚幻震动) is a strangely common experience. around 80% of us have imagined a phone vibrating in our pockets when its actually completely still. almost 30% of us have also heard nonexistent ringing. are these signs of madness caused by digital culture? not at all. in fact, phantom vibrations and ringing indicate a fundamental principle in psychology. psychologists use a concept called signal detection theory to guide their thinking about the problem of perceptual(感知的) judgments. working through the example of phone vibrations, we can see how this theory explains why they are a common and unavoidable part of healthy mental function.when your phone is in your pocket, the world is in one of two possible states the phone is either ringing or not. you also have two possible states of mind the judgment that the phone is ringing, or the judgment that it isnt. obviously youd like to match these states in the correct way. true vibrations should go with “its ringing”， and no vibrations should go with “its_not_ringing”. singal detection theory calls these faithful matches a “hit” and a “correct rejection”but there are two other possible combinations you could mismatch true vibrations with “its not ringing”(a “miss”); or mismatch the absence of vibrations with “its ringing”(a “false alarm”). this second kind of mismatch is whats going on when you imagine a phantom phone vibration.what does that mean in terms of your phone? we can assume that people like to notice when their phone is ringing, and that most people hate missing a call. this means their perceptual systems have adjusted their bias(偏向)to a level that makes misses unlikely. the unavoidable cost is a raised likelihood of false alarms of phantom phone vibrations.the tradeoff between false alarms and misses also explains why we all have to put up with fire alarms going off when there isnt a fire. it isnt that the alarms are badly designed, but rather that they are very sensible to smoke and heat and biased to avoid missing a real fire at all costs. the outcome is a rise in the number of false alarms. these are inconvenient, but nowhere near as inconvenient as burning to death in your bed or office.the_alarms_are_designed_to_err_on_the_side_of_caution.1the writer tries to explain phantom phone vibrations _.aby analyzing some factsbby giving some examplescfrom the angle of biologydfrom the angle of psychology2according to the writer, the sense of phantom phone vibration is _.astrange and mad bharmful but avoidableccommon and unavoidable duniversal but unhealthy3when we judge correctly that “its not ringing”，this is called a “_”ahitbmisscfalse alarm dcorrect rejection4what does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?abetter late than never.bbetter safe than sorry.cfight over the smallest things.dhe who makes no mistakes makes nothing.答案与解析本文主要论述的是遥感影像的手机振动(手机虚幻震动)是一个奇怪的共同经验。1d细节理解题。根据第一段中in fact, phantom vibrations and ringing indicate a fundamental principle in psychology.可知选d。2c细节理解题。根据第二段we can see how this theory explains why they are a common and unavoidable part of healthy mental function 可知选c。3d细节理解题。根据文章第三段的singal detection theory calls these faithful matches a “hit” and a “correct rejection”可知选d。4b句意理解题。根据最后一段的these are inconvenient, but nowhere near as inconvenient as burning to death in your bed or office.可知选b。.阅读填句(2015河南省淇县一中月考)i believe that one of the best ways to connect with people and build quality relationships is through making conversation. although most people can hold a conversation, only a few are smooth when they talk. i have discovered five simple and effective ways to be a smooth talker. here they are：talk slowlygenerally, good talkers dont rush into a conversation. _1_ they act as if they have all the time in the world. this makes them come off as centered and collected. model this way of talking and you will create the same effect.hold more eye contactmost people keep eye contact about 2/3 of the time or less when they talk. _2_ this will convey confidence and interest in interacting with them._3_people with good conversation skills tend to notice the kind of things that the average person doesnt notice, and to bring such details into the conversation. they may notice and point out an interesting ring on the other persons hand, a certain foreign accent, or a certain voice tone they use when saying a name. thus, such individulas impress people in a very elegant manner.express your emotions_4_ express your feelings about those facts. keep in mind that it is at the emotional level that people connect best.use the best wordsthe ability to talk smoothly has a lot to do with choosing the precise words to convey your precise feelings or thoughts. _5_ it will help you develop a way with words and allow you to express yourself more easily.conversational skills dont improve just like that. it takes time, practice and the ability to learn at a rapid rate from your own experiences.adont just present the facts, youre not a newspaper.bits a very good idea to hold eye contact just a bit more than that.cnotice the details.dit is important to improve conversational skills.eoffer interesting news.fthey take their time when they reflect on something and when they say it out loud.gdevelop your vocabulary and practice communicating as accurately as possible.答案与解析讲话是一门艺术，在本文中作者就如何和别人沟通，给人们提出了一些有效的建议。比如，讲话速度要慢，要有目光的对视，要善于表达自己的感情，而且还要使用合适的词汇。1f根据本段小标题talk slow 判断在本段中作者建议人们要说话时放慢语速，给自己一个思考的时间，而f选项内容they take their time when they reflect on something and when they say it out loud. 也提到了给自己反应的时间，内容符合语境，填f。2b本段小标题hold more eye contact 建议人们要有目光的接触，而b选项its a very good idea to hold eye contact just a bit more than that. 也是给出同样的建议，故答案选b。3c根据本段中and to bring such details into the conversation. 可以判断内容和细节有关，提醒读者在讲话时要注重细节。由此判断c选项内容可以概括本段中心，选c。4a从后句express your feelings about those facts. 判断a选项内容dont just present the facts, youre not a newspaper. 符合语境，facts 是提示信息，故选a。5g本段是建议人们要使用最佳词汇，而g选项内容develop your vocabulary and practice communicating as accurately as possible. 也是建议人们要扩大词汇，要用词准确，内容可以承接上下文，选g。.语法填空have you heard of a student awarded masters degree? of course. but the following student is quite different. because she is _1_ blind and dead. she is a combination of disabilities that is one of the most severe known _2_ mankind. mrs michelle smithdas _3_ (enjoy) a special success when she was awarded a masters degree at teachers college, new york, in the spring of 2005.she did it with a lot of help from a lot of friends and _4_ (volunteer). michelle, who received her degree in education of blind and visually impaired (受损的) learners, was believed to be the first to gain a graduate degree from a top, famous university. she is an _5_ (instruct) at the helen keller national centre in sands poit, new york, _6_ she teaches braille, vocabulary, sign language and _7_ communication skills to those who are deafblind like her. for five years, she was driven to and from new york city for her classes by mrs linda stillman, who also served _8_ her interpreter. during classes, mrs stillman would sit next to michelle and hold her hand, using the manual alphabet (also known as fingerspelling) to communicate. michelle also participated fully in class, going on all field trips and _9_ (ask) questions in class. outside class, many of her friends and helpers helped her read text books and write research papers.according to one professor at teachers college, michelle was _10_ only a fine student but also an inspiration to us all.答案与解析1bothboth.and.既又。2tobe known