高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 英语知识运用 第二章 语法填空.doc

第二部分英语知识运用第二章 语法填空【2015新课标全国卷i】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。yangshuo，chinait was raining lightly when i_1_(arrive)in yangshuo just before dawn.but i didnt care.a few hours_2_，id been at home in hong kong，with_3_(it)choking smog.here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.id skipped nearby guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river_4_are pictured by artists in so many chinese_5_(painting)instead，id headed straight for yangshuo.for those who fly to guilin，its only an hour away_6_car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.yangshuo_7_(be)really beautiful. a study of travelers_8_(conduct)by the website tripadvisor names yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.and the town is fast becoming a popular weekenddestination for people in asia.abercrombie & kent，a travel company in hong kong，says it_9_(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people_10_(live)in shanghai and hong kong.1解析：由后一句的but i didnt care可知，这里使用一般过去时态。答案：arrived2解析：根据句意和前后文可知，几个小时前，我待在香港的家里。答案：before/earlier3解析：因为smog是名词，所以此处需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰。答案：its4解析：因为先行词the li river是物，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用that或which引导。答案：that/which5解析：因为该词由many修饰，所以这里使用复数的形式。答案：paintings6解析：乘坐交通工具常用by加可数名词的单数。答案：by7解析：根据后文的时态可知这里使用一般现在时，又因为yangshuo是单数，所以这里使用is。答案：is8解析：因为study和conduct之间是被动关系，所以使用过去分词作定语。答案：conducted9解析：此处需要一个副词修饰动词say。答案：regularly10解析：因为people 和live之间是主动关系，所以使用动词ing形式作定语。答案：living【2014新课标全国卷i】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?in 1969，the pollution was terrible along the cuyahoga river near cleveland，ohio.it_1_(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.the river was so polluted that it_2_(actual)caught fire and burned.now，years later，this river is one of_3_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.but the river wasnt changed in a few days_4_even a few months.it took years of work_5_(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_6_(clean)than ever.maybe you are facing an impossible situation.maybe you have a habit_7_ is driving your family crazy.possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.when you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?while there are_8_(amaze)stories of instant transformation，for most of us the_9_(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.just be_10_(patience)1解析：由于此处描述的是过去的事情，故用过去形式。答案：was2解析：该词在句中说明谓语动词的情况，故用副词形式。答案：actually3解析：句中one of the most.是“最之一”的意思，是形容词的最高级形式。答案：the4解析：此处填or表示a few days和even a few months的并列意义，且此句是否定句。答案：or5解析：根据句型it takes some time to do sth.可以解题。答案：to reduce6解析：该句表示比较意义，故用clean的比较级。答案：cleaner7解析：此处用which或that引导定语从句。答案：which/that8解析：该空应填形容词amazing来修饰后面的stories。答案：amazing9解析：变化是缓慢的，需要付出努力和工作，由后面的谓语动词are可判断用change的复数形式。答案：changes10解析：此处用形容词作表语。答案：patient【2013广东卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。one day，nick invited his friends to supper.he was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.suddenly，he_1_(find)that he had run out of salt.so nick called to his son，“go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much_2_too little.”his son looked surprised.“i can understand why i shouldnt pay too much，father，but if i can pay less，_3_not save a bit of money？”“that would be a very_4_(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”nick said.nicks guests，_5_had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.nick replied，“the only reason a man would sell salt_6_a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.and anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect_7_the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“but such a small thing couldnt_8_(possible)destroy a village.”“in the beginning，there was only_9_very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always_10_(think)that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”1解析：在主格人称代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境可知用一般过去时。答案：found2解析：构成并列连词neither.nor.“既不也不” 。答案：nor3解析：why not do sth.“为何不做某事”，是固定句式。答案：why4解析：在名词前作定语要用形容词。答案：reasonable5解析：引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为nicks guests，指人，故填who。答案：who6解析：固定搭配at a lower price“以较低价格”。答案：at7解析：固定搭配show respect for“尊重”。答案：for8解析：修饰动词，作状语，用副词。答案：possibly9解析：a small amount of“少量的”，是固定搭配。答案：a10解析：因everyone与think是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作added的伴随状语。答案：thinking【2012广东卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。mary will never forget the first time she saw him.he suddenly appeared in class one day，_1_(wear)sun glasses.he walked in as if he_2_(buy)the school.and the word quickly got around that he was from new york city.for some reason he sat beside mary.mary felt_3_(please)，because there were many empty seats in the room.but she quickly realized that it wasnt her，it was probably the fact that she sat in_4_last row._5_he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wrong.it might have made it a little_6_(hard)for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didnt stop the kids in the class.of course whenever they turned to look at him，they had to look at mary，_7_made her feel like a star.“do you need those glasses for medical reasons？”the teacher asked.the new boy shook his head.“then id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class.i like to look at your eyes when im speaking to you.”the new boy looked at the teacher_8_a few seconds and all the other students wondered_9_the boy would do.then he took_10_off，gave a big smile and said，“thats cool.”1解析：因句子已有谓语动词appear，动词wear前又没有并列连词，即wear不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词，作状语，表示伴随情况；又因he与wear是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。答案：wearing2解析：在主格人称代词he后，显然是作谓语；又因他不可能是买下了这所学校，故应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，故填had bought。答案：had bought3解析：在系动词feel后作表语，用形容词，表示“高兴的”。答案：pleased4解析：表示顺序的词前用定冠词。答案：the5解析：因he thought.与he was wrong两个句子之间缺少关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示条件的if。意为“要是他想坐在后排就可以逃避老师注意，那他就错了”。答案：if6解析：作宾补依然是要用形容词，所以不用进行词类转换，可考虑比较级；句中a little修饰比较级harder，表示“更难一点”。答案：harder7解析：引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是前面整个句子。答案：which8解析：表示某个动词或状态延续了多久，用“for 时间段”。答案：for9解析：引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语，故用连接代词what。答案：what10解析：代替上文提到的眼镜，作take off的宾语，用宾格形式。答案：them【2011广东卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。one sunday morning in august i went to local music festival.i left it early because i had an appointment_1_(late)that day.my friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_2_the bus arrived.i got on the bus and found a seat near the back，and then i noticed a man_3_(sit)at the front.he_4_(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.he must be_5_(mental)disabled.behind him were other people to_6_he was trying to talk，but after some minutes_7_walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.i didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but i didnt like leaving him_8_his own either.after a while i rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.i sat next to the man and introduced myself.we had_9_amazing conversation.he got off the bus before me and i felt very happy the rest of the way home.im glad i made the choice.it made_10_of us feel good.1解析：句子结构完整，需要副词作状语，而late本身可作副词，因此，不必作词类转化，可想到用其比较级形式，故填later；later that day指“那天晚些时候”。答案：later2解析：空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词；由两句之间的逻辑关系可知，waited一直持续到the bus arrived，故用until/till，引导时间状语从句。答案：until/till3解析：已有谓语动词notice，且sit前没有并列连词，因此，sit是非谓语动词；由固定句式notice sb.doing/do sth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事)可知，可填sitting或sit，但根据文中提供的情境，填sitting更切实际、也更生动。答案：sitting4解析：在主语he后，pretend显然是谓语动词；由语境及giving it a voice推断，谓语动词应是过去进行时，故填was pretending。答案：was pretending5解析：修饰分词形容词，作状语，用副词。答案：mentally6解析：所填词引导的从句作定语，修饰指人的先行词people；引导词在从句中作宾语，且位于介词后，故用whom。答案：whom7解析：因but后的并列句中缺主语，应填代词；根据语境，不难推断出走开坐到我附近的应是上文提到的那个男人，故填he。答案：he8解析：固定搭配on ones own(alone)。答案：on9解析：短语搭配have a conversation(谈话)，因conversation前的修饰词amazing是以元音音素开头，故应填an。答案：an10解析：作made的宾语，用代词；由上文we(i and the mentally disabled man)had an amazing conversation可知，指作者和那个智障人士“两个人”，故填both。答案：both1(2015新课标全国卷)the adobe dwellings(土坯房)_1_(build)by the pueblo indians of the american southwest are admired by even_2_ most modern of architects and engineers.in addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their_3_(able)to “air condition” a house without _4_(use)electric equipment.walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_5_(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.when a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough_6_(cool)the house during the hot day：_7_ the same time，they warm up again for the night.this cycle_8_(go)day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.as_9_(nature)architects，the pueblo indians figured out exactly_10_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.1解析：the adobe dwellings与build之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。答案：built2解析：最高级前用定冠词the。答案：the3解析：根据前面的物主代词their可知后面应该用名词，故应用able的名词形式ability。答案：ability4解析：前面是介词without，介词后面应该接名词或动名词，故应用using。答案：using5解析：修饰give out要用副词。答案：slowly6解析：根据句式结构：主语系动词形容词to do，enough to do sth.“足够做某事”。答案：to cool7解析：at the same time “与此同时”。答案：at8解析：根据主语this cycle并结合文章时态可知应用goes。答案：goes9解析：形容词修饰名词，natural“自然的”。答案：natural10解析：此处用how表示“如何”，引导宾语从句。答案：how2(2014新课标全国卷)one morning，i was waiting at the bus stop，worried about_1_(be)late for school.there were many people waiting at the bus stop，_2_some of them looked very anxious and_3_(disappoint)when the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.i got a place next_4_the window，so i had a good view of the sidewalk.a boy on a bike_5_(catch) my attention.he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.i heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused_6_(stop)until we reached the next stop.still，the boy kept_7_(ride)he was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.i heard an excited conversation.then the driver stood up and asked，“_8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”a woman on the bus shouted，“oh dear！its_9_(i)”she pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers_10_(sudden)became friendly to one another.1解析：由前面的worried about可知，此处用being。答案：being2解析：此处用 and起句意上的承接作用。答案：and3解析：and连接两个并列成分，此处用disappoint的形容词形式。指人感觉“失望的”，用disappointed。答案：disappointed4解析：next to the window“靠近窗户”，固定短语next to，意为“挨着”。答案：to5解析：事情发生在过去，故用过去时态。答案：caught6解析：refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。答案：to stop7解析：keep doing sth.“继续做某事”，故此处填riding。答案：riding8解析：由后面的lose和本句是个疑问句可知，此处需填助动词，结合时态用did。答案：did9解析：结合语境可知，此处表示“是我(的)”，故填me/mine。答案：me/mine10解析：此处需用该词的副词形式修饰后面的became。答案：suddenly3(2014辽宁卷)jonny：hey！im just practicing tai chi(太极)would you like to join me?peter：i know nothing about it.is it difficult?jonny：it seems easy，but you need a lot of practice.you just follow me like this.peter：ok.dont laugh_1_ me.i may look funny.jonny：bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally and_2_(soft)try to keep your body straight.move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.peter：i cannot control my body well.my legs become_3_(pain)jonny：keep _4_(hold)your position for a while.it helps develop your strength and flexibility.raise your leg and let_5_ stay in the air for seconds.peter：i feel my legs shaking.i cannot do this any longer.jonny：be patient！tai chi_6_(call)“shadow boxing” in english.it asks you to act like water：to be flexible as well_7_ strong.in real competition，a tai chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back.the_8_(hard)you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.he controls you!peter：unbelievable！oh.，_9_ you dont mind，ill stop and take a deep_10_1解析：laugh at sb.“嘲笑某人”。答案：at2解析：and连接并列成分，前面是naturally，所以后面用softly。答案：softly3解析：become后接形容词，构成系表结构，故用painful。答案：painful4解析：keep doing“持续/一直在做某事”。答案：holding5解析：特指your leg。答案：it6解析：此处表示被动。答案：is called7解析：as well as 是固定搭配，意为“也，还”。答案：as8解析：此处为the harder.the more.结构，表示“越.就越.”。答案：harder9解析：“如果你不介意的话”，表示条件。答案：if10解析：take a deep breath“深呼吸”。答案：breath4my mother and i walked down to the rocky coastline near the cabin in maine.we collected stones.by the time i was 7，my mother had taught me to know the ones worth_1_(keep): we hunted for polished rocks，marbled greenstone.we wandered far apart that day.on my side of the long beach，i picked up a rounded piece of granite_2_(circle)by white veins of quartz.i saw the rock had been split；a break recent enough_3_the edges werent exactly smoother，old enough that they werent exactly _4_(sharp)then my mother called to me，and we walked_5_(meet)each other.i had half a stone in my hand to show her.she pulled the other half from her pocket and shouted her_6_(astonish)i laughed.it couldnt be.it was.the seagulls cackled with us.twentythree years since that morning，and still we are together and separate，_7_(move)apart and back，over and over.always the reminder sits in a glasspaned cabinet_8_ the dining room of the family home，two flawed pieces of stone held together with_9_ faded rubber band.proof that once，_10_(incredible)，we found the farflung halves of a broken thing and made them whole again.1解析：结合前面的形容词worthdoing的用法，因此填keeping。答案：keeping2解析：根据语境，此处circle与前面的granite构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。答案：circled3解析：根据语境，此处that引导了一个结果状语从句与后面的old enough that.呼应。答案：that4解析：与前面的smoother呼应，指“也不那么的锋利”，因此使用比较级。答案：sharper5解析：根据前面的walked可知，此处用不定式作目的状语。答案：to meet6解析：前面是一个形容词性物主代词，因此后面用名词。答案：astonishment7解析：根据语境，此处用现在分词短语作伴随状语。答案：moving8解析：结合后面的地点，表示“在里面”，因此用介词in。答案：in9解析：根据语境，此处用a泛指“一个”。答案：a10解析：修饰整个句子，用副词作状语。答案：incredibly5“get up！” my mother would shout.“help me iron my shirt.i have 30 minutes to get to work.”my sisters and i would rise，_1_(peek)at the dark outside that little white house on the black side of town.i would plug in the iron，then press moms jeans and white shirtthe uniform she_2_(wear)to the aircraft factory._3_(puzzle)，i wondered why mom could not prepare her clothes herself.i grew up，and mom came to visit: “wheres your iron？” “back of the linen closet”，i told her.“i dont use it at all.i hate_4_(iron)i never understood why you couldnt iron your own clothes when we were growing up.”“neenie，” she said，“you have no idea_5_ we went through in those factories.but i knew i could not quit because i had four girls to take care of.”she explained she needed our help to arm her with the faith_6_(return)for shift work.dull labor for_7_ brilliant woman.“one day my supervisor got much_8_(crazy)at me，” she recalled，“and made me go outside and pick up trash.” he ruled over her_9_ absolute power.then i understood.it was women like my motherand many women todaywho did the hard jobs，so their children can sit at computers and watch programmes_10_(glad)1解析：作前面sit的伴随状语，因此用现在分词的形式。答案：peeking2解析：根据语境，表示过去的事情，因此用过去时。答案：wore3解析：根据语境，表示作者感到困惑，因此用过去分词。答案：puzzled4解析：动词hate后面应该用动名词作宾语，因此填ironing。答案：ironing5解析：根据语境，与前面的have no idea呼应，用what，作后面的句子中的宾语。答案：what6解析：不定式作主语，修饰the faith。答案：to return7解析：根据后面的brilliant woman“一个聪明的妇女”，因此用a，表示泛指。答案：a8解析：结合前面的much，修饰形容词比较级，因此后面用比较级的形式。答案：crazier9解析：根据语境，表示“以的力量”，因此用with。答案：with10解析：修饰前面的动词sit and watch，用副词作状语。答案：gladly6just up the road from my home is a field，with two horses in it.from a distance，each horse looks like any other horse.but if you get a_1_(close)look you will notice one of them is blind.instead of abandoning him，his owner has made him a safe and comfortable barn to live in.and if you stand nearby and listen，you will hear the sound of a bell_2_(come)from_3_smaller horses.attached to_4_(it)halter is a small，coppercolored bell assisting the blind friend to follow him._5_ you watch them，youll find the horse with the bell always checking on the blind one，and that the blind horse will listen for the bell and then slowly walk to_6_the other one is，trusting he will not_7_(lead)astray.when the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening，he will stop_8_(frequent)to look back，making sure that the_9_isnt too far behind to hear the bell.life does not throw us away just because we are not perfect or because we have problems or challenges.sometimes we are the blind horse being guided by the little ringing bell of our acquaintances；_10_other times we are the guide horse，who helps others to find their way.1解析：形容词比较级，get a closer look指“近距离地看一看”。答案：closer2解析：the sound与come from是主动关系，用现在分词作补语。hear.doing.“听见正在做” 。答案：coming3解析：此处应填定冠词，表示特指“比较小的那匹马”。答案：the4解析：形容词性物主代词作定语。答案：its5解析：指“当时”。答案：as/when6解析：where在宾语从句中作地点状语。答案：where7解析：he与lead之间为被动关系，lead astray “引入歧途”。答案：be led8解析：修饰动词stop应用副词形式。答案：frequently9解析：指“两匹马中的另一匹”。答案：other10解析：at other times“在其他时候”，为固定搭配。答案：at7 my dear grandson，your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.by the way，did you know that this is_1_you become addic