江苏省2014届高三英语一轮复习任务型阅读攻略训练（6）.doc

任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词；请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。AspirinAspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been used for many years as a painkiller. It also has an anti-inflammatory (消炎) action and can be used to reduce fever. Aspirin is already recommended for people to prevent stroke and heart attack because it improves ones blood circulation. So many people already take daily aspirin as a heart drug. Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding, which is relatively rare, its benefits for people are great, not only to help increase the length of peoples lives, but to prevent and treat cancer, or to stop cancer spread according to the latest research.Taking a low dose (剂量) of aspirin every day can prevent and possibly even treat cancer, fresh evidence suggests. Prof. Peter Rothwell, from Oxford University, and his colleagues, who carried out the latest work, had already linked aspirin with a lower risk of certain cancers, particularly bowel（肠） cancer. But their previous work suggested people needed to take the drug for about 10 years to get any protection. Now the protective effect occurs much soonerwithin three to five yearsbased on a new analysis of data from 51 trials involving more than 77,000 patients. And aspirin appears not only to reduce the risk of developing many different cancers in the first place, but may also stop cancers spreading around the body.Taking a low (75 300mg) daily dose of aspirin appeared to cut the total number of cancer cases by 25 % after only three yearsthere were nine cancer cases per 1,000 each year in the aspirin-taking group, compared with 12 per 1,000 for those taking dummy pills. It also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within five years (and sooner if the dose was higher than 300mg). And if patients stayed on aspirin for longer, their cancer death risk went down even furtherby 37% after five years.Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers, particularly bowel, would spread to other parts of the body, and by as much as half in some instances. However, Prof. Rothwell says for most fit and healthy people, the most important things they can do to reduce their lifetime cancer risk is to give up smoking, take exercise and have a healthy diet.But experts warn that there is still not enough proof to recommend it to prevent cancer cases and deaths and warn that the drug can cause dangerous side effects like stomach bleeding. Prof. Peter Johnson of Cancer Research UK, along with other experts, said it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doctors because of the possible side effect. And people should get some decisive advice from the government as to whether aspirin should be recommended more widely and the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin.任务型阅读71. kill /relieve /release / reduce / remove 72.heart 73.Side 74.bleeding 75.quarter/ fourth 76.reduce /lower/decrease /prevent77.possible/probable 78 Experts/Reserchers 79.before 80.advised第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单语。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。The Nature of StressWe are often faced with stressors that are outside of our control , from rare natural disasters to everyday traffic jams. There is a good deal of evidence that uncontrollable events are particularly stressful This has been shown in studies of “executive rats,” in which two rats receive exactly the same electric shock, but one is given a lever that could be used to turn the shock off after it occurs .Over a long series of such trials, the partner rat, helpless to do anything about its pain ,is more likely to develop ulcers(溃疡)than is the “executive”Stress is mostly caused by uncertain events Uncertainty about an event makes it more disturbing One study found that subjects who were told that they had a 5 percent chance of receiving an electric shock were actually more uneasy than those who were told that they had a 50 percent chancePeople make various attempts to deal with their stress-removing the cause of the stress, seeking the support of friends or reinterpreting the situation to make it seem less unpleasant Richard Lazarus and his colleagues have made a useful distinction between problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies (策略)Problem-focused strategies are those aimed at doing something to change the problem causing the stress Emotion-focused strategies tend to regulate our distressing emotional responsesPsychologists Susan Folkman and Richard Lazarus examined undergraduate students coping strategies at three time periods-two days before a midterm examination ; a week later two days before the grades were announced ;and five days after the grades were posted Before the exam, students tended to use such problem-focused strategies as studying-a guaranteed way to reduce the potential problems. After the exam, when their fates were sealed, if they sought out others, it was usually for emotional supportLike other animals, humans have always been safer in groups Besides physical protection, people provide emotional support that can reduce the psychological and physiological symptoms of stress A lack of support can increase our susceptibility to illness For instance, short-term loneliness is associated with a decrease in immune response In contrast people who have strong social ties are usually more resistant to disease For instance, after being diagnosed as having a life threatening disease, married people are likely to survive longer than unmarried peoplePeople may provide appraisal support, helping us to evaluate and clarify how serious a proble