Grammar名词性从句.ppt

外研版高二年级 选修7 Module2 英语课件 Grammar 1 概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 其功能同名词一样 名词性从句 Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 2 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类 连接词 从属连词that whether if不充当从句的任何成分连接代词 what whatever who whoever whom whose which 连接副词 when where how why 3 不可省略的连词 1 介词后的连词2 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略 Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon 4 whether与if均为 是否 的意思但在下列情况下 whether不能被if取代1 whether引导主语从句并在句首Whetheritisgoingtorainisstillunknown 2 引导表语从句Thequestioniswhetherheisgoingtocome 3 whether从句作介词宾语4 从句后有 ornot 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样 表语从句位于连系动词am is are was were seem look taste remain后 其基本结构为 主语 系动词 that从句 That swhatweshoulddo That swhyIwanttoseeyou 表语从句的用法 引导表语从句的词有 连词 that whether 连接代词 what who which 连接副词 when where how why 等 除此之外 还可由asif asthough 或because引导 that有时可以省略 1 在表语从句中 当reason做主语时 引导词只能用that 不能用because 如 他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidn tcatchtheearlybus 2 Where why because how等引导的从句作thisis和thatis的表语时 表示具体的地点 原因 方式等 如 Thisiswhyweputoffthemeeting 3 主语是idea suggestion request advice order 等名词时 作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should 原形动词 如 Mysuggestionisthatwe should goandhelphim 翻译练习1 那就是让我们感到兴奋的事情 2 他的建议是我们要立刻完成工作 3 看起来好像要下雨了 That swhatmakesmefeelexcited Hissuggestionisthatwe should finishtheworkatonce Itlooks seemsasifitisgoingtorain 4 问题是我们不能与他取得联系 5 这就是亨利如何解决问题的 6 事实是我从来没有去过那里 Theproblemisthatwedidn tgetintouchwithhim ThisishowHenrysolvedtheproblem ThetruthisthatIhaveneverbeenthere 7 他迟到的原因是他起床迟了 8 这个房子就是鲁迅曾经住的 9 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathegotuplate ThehouseiswhereLuXunoncelived Whatthepolicewanttoknowiswhenyouenteredtheroom 10 他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有 HisfirstquestionwaswhetherMr Smithhadarrivedyet 一 在复合句中做主语的从句叫做主语从句 主语从句一般位于句首 他要来参加会议使我们很兴奋 Thathewillcometoattendthemeetingtomorrowmakesusexcited 主语 谓语 主语从句概念 二 主语从句的使用 1 我们所需要的是水 2 我们所需要的是有用的书 Whatweneediswater Whatweneedareusefulbooks 一 主语为从句时 谓语动词一般要用单数形式 但如果what引导的从句做主语代表复数概念 常可以从表语上看出 时 谓语动词则常用复数形式 二 主语从句的引导词 连词 that whether 连接代词who which what whatever whoever 连接副词where how when why wherever等 由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 它们在句中既保留自己的疑问含义 又起连接作用 在从句中充当从句的成分 从属连词that在主语中不做任何成分 只起引导从句的作用 三 形式主语it代替主语从句主语从句在句中作主语 主语从句可以位于句首 但常见的主语从句多放在句末 句首则用形式主语it Thattheearthisroundistrue Itistruethattheearthisround 1It sstrangethatI mleavingschoolsosoon 2It susefulthatwelearnhowtowritearticlesforanewspaper 3It sclearwhytherighttrainingcanhelpyoubecomeapeermediator 4Itwasunclearwhattheysawonthebeach Nowunderlinethesubjectclausesinthesesentences 用it作形式主语的结构 1 Itis 名词 从句Itisafactthat 事实是 Itisanhonorthat 非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识 2 Itis 形容词 从句 多用should Itisnaturalthat 很自然 Itisstrangethat 奇怪的是 3 Itis 不及物动词 从句Itseemsthat 似乎 Ithappenedthat 碰巧 Itappearsthat 似乎 4 Itis 过去分词 从句Itisreportedthat 据报道 Ithasbeenprovedthat 已证实 Itissaidthat 据说 It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句 主要是为了平衡句子结构 主语从句的连接词有变化 而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调 无论强调的是什么成分 都可用连词that 被强调部分指人是也可用who whom 例如 Itisapitythatyoudidn tgotoseethefilm Itdoesn tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分 如主语 宾语 表语 而that则不然 即不担任成分 例如 Whatyousaidyesterdayisright Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation 1 Canyoumakesure thegoldring A whereAlicehadputB wherehadAliceoutC whereAlicehasputD wherehasAliceput2 weneedmoneyisquiteclear A IfB WhatC ThatD 3 thecarcanbeusedhasnotbeenknownyet A IfB WhatC ThatD Whether4 wecan tunderstandis hedidn tjoinusinourdiscussion A That whyB Which howC What whatD What why 5 Theyexpressedthehope theywouldcomeovertoChinaagain A whichB whomC whatD that6 Wordcame hispoemwonthefirstprize A thatB whetherC asD because 7 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether8 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which 9 Theteacherasksus Jimcancomebackontime A thatB ifC whenD whattime10 Doesanybodyknow wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot A ifB whereC whetherD that 11 Couldyoutellmewherewe nextweek A wouldgoB togoC hadtogoD willgo12 Couldyoutellmehowmuch toflytoHainan A doitcostB doesitcostC itcostD itcosts 13 Thesmallchildrendon tknow A whatistheirstockingsinB whatisintheirstockingsC whereistheirstockingsinD whatintheirstockings 14 Someoneisringingthedoorbell Goandsee A whoisheB whoheisC whoisitD whoitis 15 Couldyoutellmehowlong A youhaveboughtthewatchB youhavekeptthissciencebookC haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina 16 Hesaysthatifit tomorrow he fishing A willrain won tgoB rained wasn tgoC rains won tgoD rain willgo 17 Didyouunderstand A whatshesaidB whattosayC whatdidshesaidD howshehadsaid18 Thegirlisthinkingabout shewillgoabroadtostudyEnglishnextyear A ifB whatC whetherD when 19 Theteachersaidthat A thesunmovesaroundtheearthB theearthmovedaroundthesunC themoonisoursatelliteD themoonwasoursatellite 20 Idon tknowwhenhe back Pleasetellhimthenewswhenhe back A come willcomeB comes comesC willcome comesD willcome willcome 21 Idon tknowifhisuncle Ithinkhe ifheisfree A willcome comesB willcome willcomeC comes comesD comes willcome 22 Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo Ireallydon tknow A whatshouldIchooseB whichIshouldchooseC whichshouldIchoseD whatIchoose 23 Nooneknows A whichgatewehavetogoB whichgatewemustgoC whichgatedowehavetogotoD whichgatewehavetogoto 24 Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that s A whatmakesmefeelexcitedB whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC howIfeelaboutitD whenIfeelexcited 25 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthat youhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where26 Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat s ittakestodoanythingwell A whatB thatC whichD why 27 fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect A WhatB ThatC ThisD Which 28 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons A What whyB That whatC What becauseD Why that 29 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo A howB afterC whatD when 30 Webelieve youhavebeendevotedto naturallyofgreatnecessity A That beingB allthat beC thatall areD what is 31 Mymotherasked withme A whatwrongwasB whatthematterwasC whatwasthematterD whatiswrong 32 Myhometownisdifferentfrom itusedtobe A thatB whenC whatD which33 Iaminterestedin ishelpfultohim A thatB whatC whichD where that 比较 Iaminterestedinall ishelpfultohim 34 Thisremindedmeof hehadoncetoldus A whatB thatC whichD when 35 Th