英语必修1人教版Travel journal 语法学案人教版必修1.doc

Unit 3 Travel journal 语法学案（人教版必修1）一、教学内容必修1 Unit 3 Travel journalThe present continuous tense to express future actions（现在进行时表示将来）二、知识精讲（一）现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作或状态，由am /is /are + doing 构成。（二）现在进行时的基本用法：1. 表示现在（说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例：We are having an English class. 我们在上英语课。2. 表示现阶段暂时的或正在进行的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。例：They are saving money to buy a new car recently.最近他们正在攒钱买车。3. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，常用的动词有get, grow, become,turn, run, go, begin等。例：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩（赞成、讨厌、生气等情绪）。例：He is constantly disturbing me while I am working.我工作的时候他老是打扰我。You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。即学即用：（1）The traffic in our city is already good and it _ even better.A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting （2）Whats the matter? The shoes dont fit properly. They _ my feet.A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt （3）She _ when I go to see her.A. is always working B. always worked C. has always worked D. was always working 答案：DAA知识拓展：过去进行时 结构为：was/were + doing 1. 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的状态或动作，这一过去时间须用时间状语来表示。例：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.他昨天一整天都在准备他的讲座。2. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。例：My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。3. 过去进行时可以表示过去将来的动作。例：He said she was arriving the next day.他说她第二天就到。即学即用：I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time!A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked答案：A注意：大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：（1）表示事实状态的动词，如 have, belong to, possess, owe，exist, include, stay, remain,等。例：I have two brothers. 我有两个兄弟。This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。（2）表示心理状态的词，如remember, know, believe, want, need, understand, forget, realize, think, suppose, prefer, love , hate 等。 例： I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。He loves her very much. 他深深地爱着她。（3）瞬间动词，如 accept, receive, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse 等。例： I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。（4）系动词或感官动词，如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn 等。例：You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。即学即用：I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I _ coffee.A. prefer B. preferred C. have preferred D. am preferring 答案：A（三）现在进行时除了表示正在进行的目前的或暂时的情况外，还可以表示将来时态。用现在进行时表示将来, 指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作；含义是“预定要。谓语通常为瞬间性的动词如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, meet, get 等. 例：My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30.我乘坐的飞机将于9:20分起飞, 所以我必须在8:30之前赶到机场。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。即学即用：Its really time I went home but Im enjoying myself so I _ here a bit longer.A. stay B. have stayed C. stayed D. am staying答案：D（四）单纯表将来的一般将来时有多种表示方法： 1. shall/ will +do shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例：The building will be finished next month.这座大楼将于下个月竣工。Will you post this letter for me, please？请您帮我把这封信寄出去行吗？注意：will 的特殊用法（1）The light is on . I will turn it off . ( 表临时性的决定)（2）I will check this letter for you if you want. （表愿意或不愿意）你要想让我给你查查这封信，我就给你查查。即学即用：How can I apply for an online course?Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you. A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see答案：D2. be going to （1）现在的打算、意图，即将做某事。例：Im going to cut this tree down. 我打算把这棵树砍倒.（2）表示最近、未来的计划或安排将要发生。例：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。（3）有迹象要发生的事。例：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。即学即用：Look at the black clouds. It _soon.A. is raining B. is to rain C. will rain D. is going to rain答案：D3. be to do 按计划或正式安排将要发生的动作或表示命令、禁止，具有“必要”的强制性意义。例：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。You are to finish your work in four days.你必须四天之内完成工作。4. be about to 意为马上做某事，刚要，正要（表示非常近的将来）不能与tomorrow 等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。例：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted at me and told me not to do so.我正要去游泳，这时向导大声叫我不要去。5. 一般现在时表示将来时（1）按规定或时刻表预计要发生的未来动作，仅限于动词come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等动词。例：The plane takes off at 10:10. That is , its leaving in ten minutes.飞机10点10分起飞，也就是说，飞机10分钟后起飞。（2）在时间，条件或让步状语从句中通常用一般现在时代替将来时。He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。即学即用：He says he _me a present unless I_ in doing the experiment.A. will not give; succeededB. would not give; succeededC. will not give; succeedD. will not give; will succeed.答案：C辨析：be going to / will / be to do (1) 用于条件句时，be going to表将来, will表意愿。例：If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.如果你想去旅行的话， 你最好尽快作好准备。Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.现在如果你愿意脱下衣服，我们将在镜子前给你试穿新衣。(2) be to/be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划I am to have a meeting tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去开会。（客观安排）Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）【典型例题】1. Im glad youve come, Miss Rose; I _ you, but youve saved me the trouble now.A. am going to callB. was about to callC. had calledD. am to call2. The Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei is here already. I _ he _ until tomorrow.A. think; is coming B. thought; would comeC. didnt think; was coming D. dont think; will come3. The couple _. I really dont know why.A. always quarrel B. are always quarrelingC. have always quarreled D. have always been quarreled4. My money_. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand.A. has run outB. is running outC. has been run outD. is being run out 5. I thought I asked you to fix the radio. Oh, Im sorry. Mother, I _ it right now.A. am to do B. will doC. was about to doD. am going to do6. The harder you _, the greater progress you _.A. will study; will makeB. study; will ma