动词不定式的被动语态主动表被动幻灯片.ppt

Unit2Robots Grammar 动词不定式的被动语态 1 一 复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构 be done 以thebook publish为例 一般现在 过去时 Thebook 一般 过去将来时 Thebook Thebook 现在 过去进行时 Thebook 现在 过去完成时 Thebook 情态动词 Thebook is waspublished will wouldbepublished is wasgoingtobepublished is wasbeingpublished has hadbeenpublished can could may might bepublished 2 二 动词不定式的被动语态1 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式 1 一般式 not never tobedone2 完成式 not never tohavebeendone 表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前 3 2 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1 做主语 常用it做形式主语 Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式 是一大荣幸 2 做表语ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening 明年 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验 Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames Thenewdrugistobetestedoutonthe500overweightpeoplenextyear 4 3 做宾语Shedidn tliketobetreatedasachild Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep father 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑 Theclerkwouldn tliketobelaughedatbyhercustomers 4 做宾语补足语Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院 Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect 5 5 做定语Whatavictorytobeenviedbythosewomen 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲 TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon 6 做状语AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas 他匆忙赶到订票处 bookingoffice 却被告知所有的票都卖完了 Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout 6 7 I 根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整 1 Hewantedtheletter type atonce 2 Itisthefirstsuchproject design byChineseengineers 练一练 tobetyped tohavebeendesigned 8 3 Theyknewhim arrest bythepolice 5 Hesaidhewas send theretoattendanimportantmeetingnextFriday tohavebeenarrested tobesent 9 6 Shedidn twantherson take away 7 Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth Sheappears tell everything 8 Sheisbusypreparingfortheexams hold nextmonth 9 Hehurriedtothestationonly tell thatthetrainhadleft tobetaken tohavebeentold tobeheld tohavebeentold 10 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 1 不定式作后置定语 与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 但又与该句主语 或另一名词 代词 构成逻辑上的主谓关系时 Hehasnothingtoeat 分析 eat动 nothing宾 he主 eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread 分析 动 宾 主 谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布 read abook you read Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare 11 比较 Ihavealotofletterstotype 我有很多信件要打印 Iwilltypetheletter Ihavealotofletterstobetyped 意思为 Igetsb totypetheletter 1 I llgotoNewYork Haveyouanything take toyourwifethere 2 Haveyouanyclothes wash sir askedthemaid3 IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes wash tobetaken tobewashed towash 注意 若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时 不定式则必须用被动式 12 3 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思 2 在 主语 表语 形容词 todo 中 主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语 即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系 Thisquestioniseasytoanswer 分析 answer 动 thisquestion 宾 注意 如果动词为不及物动词 则要注意介词的搭配 Johnisdifficulttodealwith 分析 动 宾 如 这扶手椅坐起来很舒服 这题目很难算出来 dealwith John Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout 13 4 Therebe结构中 用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语 区别不大 Thereisalotofworktodo tobedone 多用主动形式 没有什么可担心的 Thereisnothingtoworryabout 14 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult A notmakeB nottomakeC notmakingD donotmake2 I veworkedwithchildrenbefore soIknowwhat inmynewjob A expectedB toexpectC tobeexpectingD expects 高考题汇集 15 3 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedC havinginvented 4 Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome muchtooheavyB toomuchheavyC heavytoomuchD tooheavymuch 16 5 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC notdoitD donotto 6 LittleJimshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking 17 7 Therearefivepairs butI matalosswhichtobuy tobechosenB tochoosefromC tochooseD forchoosing 8 lateintheafternoon Bobturnedoffthealarm A TosleepB SleepingC SleepD Havingsleep 18 9 Withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled 10 Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive A tohaveplayedB toplayC tobeplayedD tobeplaying 19 11 Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket manystateruncompaniesaretrying theirproductsmorecompetitive tomakeB makingC tohavemadeD havingmade 12 Theteacheraskedus somuchnoise A don tmakeB notmake C notmakingD nottomake 20 EXERCISES1 Youhadbetter yourhaircut A hadB haveCtogetDtohave2 We putthemeetingoffforaweek A canaswellB willaswellC shallaswellD mayaswell3 He liveinthecountrythaninthecity A prefersB likestoC hadbetterD wouldrather4 Theboytoldhisfatherthathewouldrather anastronaut A becomeB tobecomeC becomingD became 21 5 Pauldoesn thavetobemade Healwaysworkshard A learnB tolearnC learnedD learning6 Iusuallygotherebytrain Whynot byboatforachange A totrygoingB tryingtogoC totryandgoD trygoing7 Hewantstodonothingbut out A togoB goC goingD goes8 Comparedwithwomen menalwaysprefer athomeratherthan somuchtimeshopping A tofinish tospendB tofinish spendC finish spendD finish tospend 22 巩固性练习 1 Shecan thelp thehousebecauseshe sbusymakingacake A tocleanB cleaningC tobecleaningD beingcleaned2 Whileshopping peoplesometimescan thelp intobuyingsomethingtheydon treallyneed A topersuadeB tobepersuadedC persuadingD beingpersuading3 Weagreed here butsofarshehasn tturnedupyet A havingmetB meetingC tomeetD tohavemet 23 4 Youwerebraveenoughtoraisetheobjectionsatthemeeting Well nowIregret that A todoB todoingC tohavedoneD havingdone5 LittleTomshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking 24 6 I vegotaterribleheadache Itried somemedicine butitdidn thelp A totakeB havingtakenC takingD tohavetaken7 Wouldyoujoinustonight I butIhavetopreparefortomorrow stest A wouldlovesoB wouldlovetoC wouldloveitD wouldlove8 Iwouldlove tothepartylastnight butIhadtofinishextrahourstofinishareport A togoB tohavegoneC goingD havinggone 25 9 Heletmerepeathisinstructions surethatIunderstoodwhatwas afterhewentaway A tomake tobedoneB making doingC tomake todoD making todo10 Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft Imeant butwhenIwasleaving Icouldn tfindheranywhere A todoB toC doingD doingso11 InsomepartsofLondon missingabusmeans foranotherhour A waitingB towaitC waitD tobewaiting 26 12 Withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentfeltveryhappy A settledB steelingC tosettleD beingsettled13 Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth Sheappears everything A totellB tobetoldC tobetellingD tohavebeentold 27 14 Tofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtobearule A toneverbreakB nevertobebrokenC nevertohavebrokenD nevertobebreaking15 InAustraliahemadealotoffriends averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish A getB gettingC togetD got 28 练习 1 Sarah hurryup I mafraidyouwouldn thavetimeto beforetheparty NMET2004全国卷I A getchangedB getchangeC getchangingD gettochange2 Myadvisorencouraged asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills NMET2004北京 A formetakingB metakingC formetotakeD metotake3 Idon tknowwhetheryouhappen butI mgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember 2004辽宁 A tobeheardB tobehearingC tohearD tohaveheard4 Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon It stimeforusto ourstudies NMET2004辽宁 A getdowntoB getoutC getbackforD getover 29 5 Thefluisbelieved byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat NMET2004上海 A causingB beingcausedC tobecausedD tohavecaused6 Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport only thefilmstarshadleft NMET2004福建 A totellB tobetoldC tellingD told7 Itseemsthathehasnopen NMET2003北京春 A towriteB towritewithC writingD writingwith8 Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive NMET2003上海春 A tohaveplayedB toplayC tobeplayedD tobeplaying 30 9 Maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteacher squestionsinclass A risingB toriseC roseD risen10 Wouldyoubesokindusout Withpleasure A helpingB inhelpingC helpD astohelp11 Wetumbrellasarenotallowedintothishotelaccordingtotherule A tobetakenB totakeC takenD taking12 Robertissaid abroad butIdidn tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin A tohavestudiedB tostudyC tobestudyingD tohavebeenstudying 31 13 Attheshopping centre hedidn tknowwhat and withanemptybag A tobuy leaveB tobebought leftC tobuy leftD wastobuy leave14 Shemadeacandle uslight A giveB gaveC togiveD given15 WhereshouldIsendmyform ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace A forsendingitB tosendittoC tosendD tosendit16 It snecessary someEnglishgrammar A forusstudentstolearnB forwestudentstolearnC ofusstudentstolearnD forourstudentslearning 32 17 kindtotheenemyis crueltothepeople A Be beB Tobe tobeC Tobe beingD Being tobe18 Nomatterhowbusyheis he atleast15minutesaday A makesarulereadB makesarulereadingC makesitarulereadD makesitaruletoread19 IfMarydoesn tcometoworkontime shemaybefired Surelysheisnotsofoolish it A asnottorealizeB notastorealizeC thatshedidn trealizeD asnotrealizing20 Ioughtto himthenews butIforgottodoso A remembertotellB remembertellingC haverememberedtotellD haverememberedtelling 33 21 I youtheexcitingnews butyouwerenotathome A meanttellingB meanttotellC meanttohavingtoldD meanttotelling22 Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob A sonotastoB soasnottoC soastonotD notsoasto23 Myfriend David wasnotused byair sohefeltunwell A totravelB totravelingC travelinD travel24 WhenIwentoutithappened A torainB rainC toberainingD raining25 Ifeltitanhonour tospeakhere A askingB havingaskedC toaskD tobeasked 34 1 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit A toseeB tobeseenC seeingD seen Exercise B 35 2 Ihurriedtothemeetinghall only thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff A totellB tobetoldC tellingD told B 36 3 Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth sheappears everything A totellB tobetoldC tobetellingD tohavebeentold D 37 4 LittleTomshouldlove tothetheaterthisevening A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking A 38 5 Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto manythings Nowpeopleareusedto plasticsproducts A make usingB making usingC making useD make use A 39 6 Withalotofproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled C 40 7 He andwasmadetorepeatit A didn tunderstandB didn tbeunderstoodC wasn tunderstandD wasn tunderstood D 41 8 Thepupilshere allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks A keptbusydoingB keepondoingC havekeptbusydoingD havebeenkeptbusydoing D 42 9 Visitors nottotouchtheexhibits A willrequestB requestC arerequestingD arerequested D 43 10 Insomepartsoftheworld tea withmilkandsugar A isservingB isservedC servesD served B 44 1 Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto repair 2 Iknewhim catch bythepolice 3 Avoteisrequired take inourcompanyatonce 4 Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank Thomaswasbelieved steal it berepaired tohavebeencaught tobetaken tohavestolen 练习 45 7 Ihope admit toZhongshanUniversity 8 Thebookissaidto translate intoseverallanguages 9 Ifeelgreatlyhonored welcome intotheirsociety 10 Comeon Itisaneasysentence translate 11 WhenIcamein hepretendedto read 13 MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter notdrive afterdrinking totranslate tobewelcomed havebeentranslated tobeadmitted bereading nottodrive 46 14 Idon tknowwhetheryouhappen hear butI mgoingtostudyintheU S AthisSeptember 15 Heseems punish byhisteacheryesterday tohaveheard tohavebeenpunished 16 Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom clean 17 Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot worry about 18 Iamgoingtothepostoffice Doyouhaveanyletter post 19 Youareluckyenough notcatch intherain tobecleaned toworry tobeposted nottohavebeencaught 47 二 翻译练习1 据说这会议已经被取消了 2 这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣 3 残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑 4 没有可以可以浪费的时间了 5 能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部 是一大荣幸 6 她假装没有听懂我说的话 7 我希望被中山大学录取 8 抱歉 我忘记了你的电话号码了 48 1 据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled 2 这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣 Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics 3 残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑 Thedisableddon tliketobelaughedat 4 没有可以可以浪费的时间了 Thereisnotimetowaste bewasted5 能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部 是一大荣幸ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtotheEnglishClub 49 6 她假装没有听懂我说的话 ShepretendednottounderstandwhatIhadsaid 7 我希望被中山大学录取 Ihope expecttobeadmittedintoZhangshanUniversity8 抱歉 我忘记了你的电话号码了 Iamsorrytohaveforgottenyourtelephonenumber 50 AnswerkeyforExercise2onpage14 tobedesignedtoberebuilttobeaccompaniedtobeknownastobefilledwithtobetestedouttobeenviedtobesetaside 51 werelistedbedividedbeorganizedtobeaccompaniedwereconnectedbesurroundedwasattached AnswerkeyforExercise3onpage15 52 Usingstructures Answerkeyforexercise1onpage56 Ididnotexpecttobeinterviewedbythegeneralmanager Themagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereadingroom byanybody Shehatestobelaughedatbyherclassmates 53 Hedoesn twanthiswritingtobe