高中英语：第六单元课件(共13套)北师大版必修2the relative clause.ppt

定语从句attributiveclause 1 不懂装懂 一事无成 hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverything isindeedagood for nothing 2 甘当小绵羊 迟早要喂狼 hethatmakeshimselfasheepshallbeeatenbythewolf 3 万事开头难it sthefirststepthatcosts 4 千里之行 始于足下 hewhowouldclimbthatladdermustbeginatthebottom 定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 分词 不定式 介词短语等来担任 修饰名词 以分词 介词短语为例 例 thegirlbehindthetreeiskate themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk 定语从句在英语中 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句 例 thegirlwhoisbehindthetreeiskate themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasadrunk 先行词和关系词先行词 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词 关系词 引导定语从句的词叫关系词 先行词 关系词 引导词 代替thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme 先行词 关系词bike 关系词的作用 既引导定语从句 又在定语从句中充当某种成分 关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别ihaveasister sheworksinshanghai 代替sisterihaveasisterwho thatworksinshanghai 普通代词 只起代替的作用 如上例she 关系代词 如上例who which 1 除了代替先行词外 2 它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分 3 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句 把主句和从句连起来 thewomanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingismymother 主句 thewomanismymother 从句 thewomanisspeakingatthemeeting 主语是单数 thewomenwhoarespeakingatthemeetingarefamousscientists 主句 thewomenarefamousscientists 从句 thewomenarespeakingatthemeeting 主语是复数 关系代词的使用方法 定语从句常用的关系代词有 that who m whose which等 that which多指物 在从句中作主语或作动词的宾语 that which作宾语时可省 1 aplaneisamachinethatcanfly aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly 2 whowashurtintheaccidentthathappenedyesterday whowashurtintheaccidentwhichhappenedyesterday 3 haveyoufoundthebikethatyoulost haveyoufoundthebikewhichyoulost haveyoufoundthebike省略youlost 3 who指人 既它的先行词必须是人 在从句中作主语或宾语 但whom是宾格 只能作宾语 that有时也指人 代替who whom 可作主语或宾语 1 thegirlswhoweren tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates thegirlsthatweren tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates 2 heknewtheteacherwhowemetyesterday heknewtheteacherwhomwemetyesterday heknewtheteacherwemetyesterday 4 whose是代词的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 1 isawawoman herbagwasstolen 2 pleaseshowmethebook itscoverisred 3 i llcallaperson hisfatherknowsyou isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred i llcallapersonwhosefatherknowsyou 1 thisisthehero whom weareproudof thisistheheroofwhomweareproud thisisthehero that weareproudof 2 sheisthegirlwhomiwentwiththere sheisthegirlwithwhomiwentthere sheisthegirlthatiwentwiththere sheisthegirl省略iwentwiththere 注意 固定动介词组不可分割 介词不能提前 例如 lookafter lookat 关系代词与介词介词放在关系代词的前面时 介词宾语只能用which代物 和whom代人 介词在末尾时 关系词可以省略 我住的房间非常大 1 theroom that iliveinisverybig 2 theroom which iliveinisverybig 3 theroominwhichiliveisverybig 4 theroomwhereiliveisverybig 4 iwanttofindthepen that iwrotetheletterwith iwanttofindthepen which iwrotetheletterwith iwanttofindthepenwithwhichiwrotetheletter herearethepicture booksthatthechildrenarelookingfor herearethepicture bookswhichthechildrenarelookingfor herearethepicture booksthechildrenarelookingfor 定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that 而不宜用which1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 只能用that引导从句 thisisthemostinterestingstory that ihaveeverheard thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行词是all something nothing anything不定代词时 只能用that hereissomething that iwilltellyou 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用that引出从句icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that isee 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little few no all any作修饰 用thatisittheonethatyouwant wehaven tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 关系词用thatwhichisthebikethatyoulost whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 从例句中看出 who that在许多情况下可以通用 但有时宜用who 而不用that1 先行词是one s anyone someone those时 关系词使用whothosewhowanttogotothegreatwallsignuphere onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用whothereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 附加部分 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 它和关系代词一样 具有数种作用 在从句中代替先行词 在句中作状语 连接作用 把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句 关系副词有三种 where 在从句中作地点状语 指代地点 when 在从句中作时间状语 指代时间 why 在从句中作原因状语 指代原因 where引导的定语从句 先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词 用where引导定语从句 在从句做状语 thisisthetownwhereispentmychildhood thetablewheresheissittingisanewone canyouthinkofasituationwhereyoumayusethisexpression inwhich atwhich 注意1 若定语从句缺主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 thelibrary studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight thelibrary wasbuiltinthe1930s needsrepairing thelibrary youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990 where which which 注意2 区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句 where前面有被修饰的地点名词时 是定语从句 否则是状语从句 whenyoureadbooks youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions whenyoureadbooks youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions when引导的定语从句 先行词是表示时间的名词 用when引导定语从句 在从句作状语 i llneverforgetthedaywhenimetyou thiswasthetimewhenheleftforbeijing wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek whenwewon tbebusy onwhich atwhich 注意 若定语从句缺主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 i llneverforgettheday wefirstmetinthepark i llneverforgetthetime ispentoncampus i llneverforgetthetime wasspentwithyou when which that which that why引导的定语从句 先行词是表示原因的名词 在从句中作状语 thisisthereasonwhy forwhich ididn tcomehere thereason shegavewasnottrue which that i 把下列单句合并成含有定语从句的复合句 1 thelittlegirlwascryingonthestreet hermoneyhadbeenstolen 2 thecolourofthebikeisgreen haveyouseenthebike 3 thestudentdidn tagreewithus thestudentwasstandingunderthetree thelittlegirlwhosemoneyhadbeenstolenwascryingonthestreet haveyouseenthebikewhosecolourisgreen thestudentwhowasstandingunderthetreedidn tagreewithus 4 theletterisfrommyfriend ireceivedityesterday 5 i mreadingabook itsnameis whomovedmycheese 6 heworksinaschool thereisabigstorenearit 7 heusedtoliveinahouse infrontofitgrewmanyappletrees theletter that which ireceivedyesterdayisfrommyfriend i mreadingabookwhosenameis whomovedmycheese heworksinaschoolnearwhichthereisabigstore heusedtoliveinahouseinfrontofwhichgrewmanyappletrees 1 thisistheengineer 给我们作关于计算机报告的 theotherday 2 mynecklaceisnot 唯一不见的东西 3 theman 在这间房子里工作的 isachemist 4 theoldbuilding 我们住的 hasbeenherefor30years 5 thehistorybook 封皮是黄的 waslost whogaveusatalkaboutcomputers theonlythingthat smissing whoworksintheroom that which welivein whosecoverisyellow 6 hereisthepen 你昨天丢失的 7 thisisthebestbook 我读过的 8 ihavelo