九年级英语 Introduction to Computing 课件.ppt

computersandcomputing cos111computersandcomputing whendidyoufirststarttouseacomputer andwhatfor whatdoyouuseacomputerfortoday whataresomeofmostimportantusesofcomputers otherthanyourown whatabilitiesdoyouneedinacomputer whatarethemajorchangesyou veobservedintheuseofcomputers whatarethemajorchangesyou veobservedincomputersthemselves whatarethemajorchangesyouexpecttoseeoverthenextfewyears whatarethemajorchangesyouwouldmostliketoseeoverthenextfewyears whenwasthecomputerinvented whenwasthetransistorinvented whenwasthemicroprocessorinvented whenwastheinternetinvented whenwastheworldwidewebinvented whatisthedifferencebetweentheinternetandthewww abriefhistoryofcomputertime harvardmk iandcolossus 1943colossusdesignedtocrackgermancodingsystemvacuumvalvesas transistors andpunchedcardsforstorageeniac completed1946 firstgeneration weighed30tonnes contained18 000electronicvalves consumed25kwofpower coulddo100 000calcs sectransistor 1947 secondgeneration integratedcircuit thirdgeneration minicomputers 1958 firstcommercialimplementation1963microprocessor cpuonachip firstcommercialin1971 intel4004 60 000instructions sec supercomputerslikecray1were150m personalcomputer mitsaltair8800in1974followedbyapple1andii commodore andibmpc 1981 abriefhistoryofinternettime arpanet darparesearchprojectstarted1969firstrfc april7th 1969openedtonon militaryusein1970sbiguniversitiesopenedtointernationalconnections1972stillnoemail webetc justnetworkingandresearchdomainnamesetcinmid80s standardizedemailworldwideweb1989forphysiciststoshareinformation usagebegins1991webtakesoff mosaic 1993 netscape 1994 whoinventedtheinternet algore kleinrock packetswitchingtheory 1961 roberts planforarpanet 1969 tcpteam 1974firstvirusteam 1980 whatistheroleofcomputersincosmologyandastrophysics whatistheroleofcomputersinthehumangenomeproject whyareyouinthisclass andwhatdoyouhopetogetoutofit thefollowingisnotatest somequestions whathappensbetweenthetimeisendanemailandyoureceiveit whathappensbetweenthetimeyousubmitaurltoabrowserandyouseethepagereturned whathappensbetweenthetimeyousubmitaquerytoasearchengineandyougetresultsback wheredothedatathatasearchenginereturnscomefrom somequestions howlongdoesittakeforarequesttogofromnytosanfranciscoandbackontheinternet howlongdoesittakeforlighttogofromnytosfandback whatis marketcap somequestions whatistcp ip whatisip whatistcp whatishttp whatishtml whatissmtp whatismp3 whatisjpeg whatisthesizeofa3minuteaudiofile whatisthesizeofa3minutevideofile somequestions whatisjava whatisc whatisacompiler whatiswindows whatisanoperatingsystem whatislinux whatisunix whatisthedifferencebetweenramandaharddrive whatisacache somequestions whatisseti home whatisnapster whatisgnutella howarenapsterandgnutellasimilaranddifferent whatisthelegalimplicationofthedifferencebetweennapsterandgnutella somequestions whatdoes security meaninthecontextofcomputers whataresomekeyaspectsofcomputersecurity whatisdrm shouldyoubehere cos111isintendedforstudentsfromthehumanitiesandsocialscienceswhowantaone courseintroductiontocomputersandcomputerscience emphasisisonunderstandinghowcomputersreallywork startingwithasingleswitch andshowingstepbystephowtousejustthatonekindofparttobuildthemostinterestinghuman mademachine alsoaddressedareessentiallimitationsofthecomputer suchasundecidability aswellasfutureprospectsforartificialintelligenceandon lineaccesstotheworld sknowledge thelaboratoryiscomplementarytotheclassroomworkandexploresabroadspectrumofmodernapplications soisheonlygoingtoaskquestions orishegoingtoteach whatdoesacomputerdo whateveritellittodoisay add2and3andshowmetheresultcomputersays 5isay multiplythatresultby7andshowmetheresultcomputersays 35isay showmethehomepageoftheprincetoncsdepartmentcomputersays what sgoingon theghostinthemachine hardwaredoesthework programmerwritesaprogramforthemachine programtellshardwarewhattodoateachstep whatprogramslooklike read a read b c a bread d e d cprint e readfirstinputandstoreitinvariablea readsecondinputandstoreitinvariableb addthevaluesofaandbandstoretheresultinvariablec readthirdinputandstoreitinvariabled multiplythevaluesofcanddandstoretheresultinvariablee displaythevalueofvariablee thecomputertakeseachoftheseinstructionsandexecutesit thecomputer sjob computingoutputsfrominputsmemoryacceptinginputsandproducingoutputssequencingstepsmaintainingstatenetworkingrepresentingandtranslatinginformationcompilingandmanagingprograms restofthecourse hardware buildingacomputer 7classes 3problemsets operatingsystemsandnetworking 3classes 2problemsets 3labs midtermreviewandmidterm 2classes programmingandalgorithms 4classes 2problemsets 2labs soundandgraphics 2classes distributedapplications 1class limitationsofcomputing 1class societalissuesandapplications 3lectures 1problemset 1lab review 1class practicaldetails lecturesmondayandwednesday1 30 2 50p m lectureslideswillbeonlineclassparticipationexpectedlabsstartweekof2 10 duebyfridayat5pmcandoinlabsessionsorelsewheretobescheduledproblemsetshandedoutmo