高考英语大一轮复习 单元知识汇总 Book 5 Unit 13 People 北师大版.doc

book 5 unit 13 people重点识记词汇1.gain vt.获得；增加2.previous adj.以前的，过去的3.positive adj.积极的 4.senior adj.高级的5.connection n.联系；连接 6.draw up起草7.accurately adv.精确地，准确地 8.failure n.失败9.deserve vt.应得，值得 10.entirely adv.完全地11.accuse vt.控告，谴责 12.desire n.渴望，欲望13.satisfaction n.满意，满足 14.fault n.错误；缺点15.relief n.减轻，宽慰 16.confirm v.证实17.cant help doing sth.禁不住要做某事 18.judge vt.评判19.talk o doing sth.劝服某人做某事 20.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的21.gifted adj.有天赋的gift n.礼物；天赋 22.description n.描述，形容describe vt.描述23.strength n.长处，优势strengthen v.(使)加强 24.predict vt.预言，预测prediction n.预测25.mistaken adj.错误的mistake vt.弄错；误解；n.错误26.devote vt.献身于，专心致志于devotion n.献身，奉献27.disability n.残疾；无能力disabled adj.残疾的28.independence n.独立independent adj.独立的29.requirement n.要求require vt.要求30.account n.账户accountant n.会计人员，会计师31.anxiety n.忧虑，担心anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的32.emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件；非常时刻33.the last straw (一系列烦恼、打击之外)最后使人受不了的事34.assessment n.评估assess vt.评价；评定selfassessment n.自我评估35.concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)concentrate on sth.集中精力于某事必背经典句式1.i was getting more and more annoyed and of course，the more upset i got，the less i was able to concentrate.我越来越烦躁，当然，越烦躁就越难集中注意力。2.go and see your teacher and try to talk him or her into giving you a better grade.去找你的任课老师，想法说服他(她)给你提高分数。3.i really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。4.the fact that she looked like a sensitive，friendly girl didnt matter.if anything，it made me even angrier.她看起来是个善解人意、友善的女孩，但这无济于事，却平添了我几分怒气。5.if jenny hadnt been a kind person who was willing to forgive my shortcomings，i would never have experienced such true friendship.珍妮要不是如此体贴、宽容我的缺点，我就永远不会享受到如此真挚的友谊。构词记忆employee /emplii/n.c受雇者；雇员interviewee /intvjui/n.c被接见者；被采访者；被面试者trainee /treini/n.c受训练人；学员；实习生.词汇与派生a语境填词1he could not concentrate(集中精力) in the classroom.2not until then did i realize words could be powerful in both positive(积极的) and negative ways.3no matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves(值得) our respect.4. failure(失败) is the mother of success.5seeing them on the bus，i felt a kind of satisfaction(满足)6im grateful(感激的) to you for your help.7earlier reports were unable to confirm(证实) that there were any survivors. 8. he laughs loudly when i accuse(指责) him of telling a lie.9medical assistance is available in case of an emergency(紧急情况)10she desires(渴望) that you should write to her as soon as possible.b用所给词的适当形式填空11the gym can be used by both ablebodied and disabled(disability) people.12his devotion (devote) to his wife and family is touching.13the test is used to determine candidates strengths (strengthen) and weaknesses.14he was unwilling to make a prediction (predict) about which books would sell in the coming year.15my father helped me to set up a bank account (accountant).短语运用a用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 draw up, o.，end up, be willing to，deal with，come up with，concentrate on, be popular with16.finally we talked him into changing his mind.17we agreed to draw up a formal agreement.18be willing to do what it takes，and you can achieve whatever you wish.19they took the wrong train and ended up at a small station.20how did you come up with the good idea that we could escape being punished.21with the world changing fast，we have something new to deal with all by ourselves every day.22a spoilt child is popular rarely with other children.23the students concentrate on improving the learning efficiency and learning methods.b用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空in terms of, if anything, cant help.，except for24.hearing the good news，she cant help laughing.25in terms of living standards，the country has a long way to go.26his composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes.27. please give me something to drink if anything. .经典句式28its getting more and more cold，so we seldom go out for play. 天变得越来越冷了，所以我们很少外出玩耍了。29i dislike/dont like it when people laugh at me in public.我不喜欢别人当众嘲笑我。30her family，if anything，was richer than mine. 要说有什么区别的话，她家比我家有钱。31watch out，or youll catch the traffic accident.当心，否则你会遇上车祸的。32if you had come earlier，you would have met him.如果你早点来的话就会遇上他的。1多词一义concentrate on，fix on，focus on，fasten on，be absorbed in，be devoted toconcentrate (ones mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力于；专注于be concentrated in/on/around.集中在；汇集于focus/fix ones attention on/put ones mind to/put ones heart into/be absorbed in/be lost in专心于i cant concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.有噪音我不能集中精力学习。夯实基础语法填空(1)it was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.(2)nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.(3)she is absorbed in music.(4)with his attention concentrated(concentrate) on his favorite novel，he forgets all about his homework.(5)from now on，your thoughts must be concentrated(concentrate) on your work.2in connection with和有关have a connection (with/to sth.)(和某事)有联系connect.to/with与连接be connected to/with 和有联系；和有(亲戚)关系be connected by.通过联系起来all in all，i think studying english by activities，especially in connection with recent things，is a better method.总之，我认为通过活动，尤其是与最近的事情有联系的活动来学习英语是一个较好的方法。(湖南书面表达)there was nothing to connect him with the crime.他与那起犯罪毫无关联。夯实基础(1)语法填空the two towns are connected by a railway.she is connected with/to a noble family.i am writing to you in connection with your job application.what is the connection between the two ideas?(2)他与这次事故有关联吗？(翻译句子)does he have any connection with the accident?3as a youth he had been discovered a gifted teacher.他年轻时就表现出教书的天赋。they believed the unborn child was a gift from god.他们认为腹中的孩子是上帝赐予的礼物。夯实基础(1)同义句改写he is a boy of many gifts.he is a gifted boy.(2)my father has a gift for playing the piano(有弹钢琴的天赋)，which has a great influence on us.4beyond description难以描述describe.as.把描述为his face is weary beyond description.他一脸难以形容的疲惫。eriksson described him as “the best player on the playground”.埃里克森称他是“场上最好的球员”。特别提醒(1)describe后不接双宾语，若语义需要，要用介词to或for来引出间接宾语。(2)describe.as.意为“把描述成”，其中的as习惯上不宜换成to be。夯实基础语法填空(1)he is described as being very clever.(2)the palace was beautiful beyond description.5应试指导(1)后跟非谓语动词形式的考查(2)作为高级词汇替换be worthdeserve doing/to be done值得被deserve to do sth.应该/值得做某事deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意get what one deserves罪有应得no matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.无论工作多么普通，在社会中都起着重要作用，所以值得我们的尊重。(广东读写任务)特别提醒当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动式。有相同用法的动词还有：need，want，require等。夯实基础语法填空(1)they didnt deserve to win(win).(2)i think your suggestion deserves trying/to be tried(try).(3)this suggestion deserves consideration/considering/to be considered(consider).6应试指导(1)注意抽象名词具体化(2)在谚语中的运用end in failure以失败结束fail v.失败；未能做；(考试)不及格，未通过；失灵，出毛病；歉收；突然失去；忘记fail to do.未能做three years ago i failed an important exam in my life and became a student in an ordinary school.三年前，在一次重要的考试中失利，我成了一所普通学校的一名学生。(湖北短文写作)as the saying goes，“failure is the mother of success.”俗话说，失败是成功之母。夯实基础写出下列句子中fail的汉语意思(1)if you dont work hard，you may fail.失败(2)he failed his driving test.未通过(3)he never fails to write to his mother every week.忘记(4)the crops failed because of drought.歉收(5)my uncles kidneys failed two days after the operation.出毛病7in association with与交往；与联合be associated with和交往；与有联系associate.with.联系和the association between the two companies stretches back thirty years.这两家公司的往来可以追溯到30年前。i havent been associated with the project over the last year.我去年一直没有参与这个项目。夯实基础用associate的适当形式填空(1)do you belong to any professional or trade associations?(2)these symptoms are particularly associated with headaches.8accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.charge sb.with.因指责/指控某人accusing adj.谴责的；指责的,the accused(刑事)被告are you accusing me of cheating?你在指责我欺骗吗？思考题我们学习过的“动词sb.of sth.”的短语还有：remind sb.of，rob sb.of，rid sb.of，inform sb.of，convince sb.of，cure sb.of，require/request sb.of等。夯实基础用accuse的适当形式填空(1)her accusing eyes were fixed on him.(2)the accused was found innocent.(3)this company was accused of using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the weightloss pills.9应试指导虚拟语气的考查have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事satisfy ones desire满足某人的愿望at ones desire照某人的希望；应某人的要求desire to do.希望做desire sb.to do.希望某人做they seem to have a desire for knowledge.他们似乎对知识充满了渴望。he desired me to inform her that he had made his peace with god.他想让我告诉她他已接受了上天的安排，获得了心灵的安宁。特别提醒desire后接宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中使用“should动词原形”，should可省略。夯实基础(1)语法填空his friendly warnings have caused the desired (desire) response.anyone desiring(desire) to vote must come to the meeting.i desire that these letters (should) be burnt(burn) after my death.(2)他希望赢得这场比赛。(一句多译)he desired to win the game.(desire v.)he had a desire to win the game.(desire n.)he desired that he (should) win the game.(desire that.)10应试指导写作高分句式：what satisfied sb.is that.替换to ones satisfactionin/with satisfaction满意地to ones satisfaction使某人满意的是express ones satisfaction at/with.对表示满意satisfy v.使满意，使满足；满足(需求、需要等)satisfy/meet ones needs/demands满足某人的要求be satisfied to do./with.对(做)感到满意i expressed my satisfaction with these clothes.我对这些衣服表示满意。he was satisfied to win the match.他对赢得比赛感到满意。夯实基础(1)用satisfy的适当形式填空none of these is particularly satisfying.we are not satisfied with these results.both sides expressed satisfaction with the progress.we just cant find enough good secondhand cars to satisfy demands.from his satisfied voice on the phone i know everything is going under way.(2)the teacher was satisfied with his test results and praised him.satisfied with his test results，the teacher praised him.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)11应试指导(1)同位语从句的考查(2)虚拟语气的考查多词一义require，want，needmeet/satisfy ones requirements满足某人的要求require sth.of sb.要求某人某事require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事sth.require(s) doing/to be done某事需要it is required that.要求(从句中用虚拟语气，即shoulddo，should可省略)its products met all legal requirements.它的产品符合所有的法律要求。all the members are required to attend the meeting.要求会员们都出席这次会议。夯实基础(1)this wall requires repairing.this wall requires to be repaired.(用不定式作宾语改写句子)(2)the situation required us to make an immediate decision.the situation required that we (should) make an immediate decision.(改为复合句)12 upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的，不快的；v.(upset，upset，upsetting) 使不安；使心烦；打乱；扰乱be upset about/at/over为烦恼upset oneself about sth.为某事而烦恼it upsets sb.that.让某人心烦的是dont be upset about itno harm has been done.不要为那事烦恼，没有造成损失。i was so upset that i felt like crying.我心烦意乱，很想哭。夯实基础(1)用upset的适当形式填空 she sounded upset when i said you couldnt come.she warned me not to say anything to upset him.i will never see him again and that is a terribly upsetting thought.(2)使他心烦的是考试没及格。(一句多译)what upset him was that he didnt pass the exam.(用what引导主语从句)it upset him that he didnt pass the exam.(用it作形式主语)13in relief如释重负；显著地；鲜明地to ones relief使某人放心的是relieve v.减轻relieve sb.of.将某人从中解脱出来much to my relief，my son was eventually admitted to a famous university.使我欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。夯实基础语法填空(1)to his relief，a loud knock on the door spared him from giving an explanation.(2)my assistant relieved me of all the paperwork.(3)the scandal brings out the issue in full relief.14 account v.认为(think)；说明(explain)；总计有；n.账目(a written record)；说明；计算；(银行)账户应试指导(1)on account of作为高级词汇替换because of(2)on no account位于句首时的倒装用法account for说明(原因等)；做出解释；占(比例)on account of由于，因为on no account绝不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)take account of/o account (o consideration)考虑take no account of对不加考虑his illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。my wife keeps household accounts.我太太记家庭收支账。夯实基础(1)选择方框内的短语填空at first he hesitated on account of the expense.you should on no account tell him，for its a secret.the company takes account of environmental issues wherever possible.we must account for every penny we spend on business trips.(2)on no account should you tell him，for its a secret.(把上题句改为倒装句)15应试指导过去分词作定语、状语的考查devote.to.把致力于，专心于devoted adj.忠实的be devoted to致力于，献身于；热爱devotion n.奉献；关照however，as i stepped into senior three，i had to devote most of my spare time to studying.但是当高三后，我不得不把大多数业余时间都用来学习。夯实基础(1)用devote的适当形式填空he is highly thought of because of his devotion to duty.his life is one devoted to the people.(2)he devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作原因状语改写句子)devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around. (用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)1talk sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不去做某事talk of谈到，说到talking of.说起，谈到(通常置于句首)类似talk o doing.的结构：persuade o doing.说服某人做reason o doing.说服某人做trap o doing.欺骗某人做fool o doing.欺骗某人做frighten o doing.恐吓某人做panic o doing.吓得某人做he talked me into marrying him.he also talked me into having a baby.他花言巧语让我嫁给了他，又说服我生了个孩子。夯实基础语法填空(1)the boy talked his mother into buying him a home computer.(2)talking(talk) of jim，have you seen him recently?2应试指导作为写作高频词汇替代about，as for，as toin the long/short term从长远/短期来看in ones terms在某人看来；根据某人的观点be on good/bad terms with与关系好/坏come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受 on equal terms在平等的条件下sometimes the whole is best understood in terms of the whole.有些时候，按照整体来理解整体是最好的方法。夯实基础(1)we are on good terms with(和关系很好) all our neighbors.(2)this plan is of great benefit in the long term(从长远来看).(3)in terms of health(从健康的角度来看)，eating less is quite necessary.3多词一义cant help doing，cant but do，cant help but do，cant choose but dohelp oneself to.自用/自取所需(食物等)cant help/choose but do.不得不做help.out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难cant help to do.帮不上忙做 i cant help it.没有办法i cant help thinking the same.我不禁也有同样的想法。夯实基础语法填空(1)you cant help but start(start) moving when you hear this song.(2)i cant help to clean(clean) the room，because i have to do my homework.(3)i think everybody cant help laughing(laugh) if they see it.(4)i cant help it if nobody believed me.1 i was getting more and more annoyed and of course，the more upset i got，the less i was able to concentrate.我越来越烦躁，当然，越烦躁就越难集中注意力。“the比较级.，the比较级.”句型：(1)意为“越，就越”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the比较级”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the比较级”是主句，用一般将来时。(3)本结构中常用省略结构。the more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越小心，出现的问题就越少。the sooner (you do it)，the better (it will be).越快越好。夯实基础(1)the more(越多) you eat，the fatter(越胖) you will be.(2)the longer(越长) stay, the better(越好)(it will be).2 单元语法语法填空(1)these trucks carry goods exported(export) to foreign countries.(2)generally speaking，when taken(take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.(3)dressed(dress) in white，she suddenly appeared.(4)she looks happy.she must be having(have) a good time.(5)he may have finished(finish) last friday.高考题组.语法填空(2011广东)one sunday morning in august i went to a local music festival.i left it early because i had an appointment16.later(late) that day.my friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me17.until the bus arrived.i got on the bus and found a seat near the back，and then i noticed a man18.sitting(sit) at the front.he19.was pretending(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.he must be20.mentally(mental) disabled.behind him were other people to21.whom he was trying to talk，but after some minutes22.they walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.i didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but i didnt like leaving him23.on his own either.after a while i rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.i sat next to the man and introduced myself.we had24.an amazing conversation.he got off the bus before me and i felt very happy the rest of the way home.im glad i made the choice.it made25.both of us feel good.写作常用句翻译1.母亲拥抱了我，我能看到她眼中的满足。(satisfaction)(2013陕西书面表达)my mother gave me a hug and i could see satisfaction in her eyes.2.说实话，那是苏的错，但李也该受责备。(fault)(2012江苏书面表达)to be honest，it was sus fault，but li was also to blame.3.除此之外，我还擅长表达自己。(express)(2010天津书面表达)besides this，i am good at expressing myself.4.而且，她经常把业余时间用来帮助他人。(devote)(2010浙江书面表达)besides，she often devotes her spare time to helping others.5.所以，她值得获得这项荣誉，我们都应该向她学习。(deserve)(2010浙江书面表达)therefore，she deserves the honor and we should learn from her.模拟题组.语法填空1.we neednt have bought (buy) so much food now that suzie wont be with us for dinner.2.alexander tried to get his work recognized (recognize) in the medical circles.3.seen (see) from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.4.to be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.5.i work hard and i think i deserve to be paid (pay) well.6.he is such a man who is always finding (find) fault with other people.7.those gymnastics movements require improving (improve).8.while shopping，people sometimes cant help being persuaded (persuade) into buying something they dont really need.9.in recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go，the better our holiday will be.10.the shop assistant was dismissed as she was accused (accuse) of cheating customers.单句改错1.he said that he had no time to