高三英语语法教学课件：状语从句.ppt

revisionoftheadverbialclauses状语从句复习 九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句 九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 时间状语从句 when while as before after assoonas till until not until thefirst second lasttime themoment theminute theinstant immediately directly instantly hardly when scarcely when nosooner than where wherever because since as nowthat seeingthat consideringthat if unless now that as so longas incase onconditionthat suppose supposing provided providing although though eventhough if as while nomatterwhich what when where who how whichever wherever whatever whoever whenever however whether or 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词 结果状语从句 sothat so that such that sothat incase forfearthat lest how as asif asthough than as as notso as as the 比较级 the 比较级 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 九种常用的状语从句 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种 时地原因条状补 目比结果方让步 连词引导各不同 主句通常前面走 连词引导紧随后 从句若在主前头 主从之间有个逗 whileiwaswonderingatthis ourschoolmastertookhisplace 2 wherethereisawill thereisaway 3 nowthat sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 4 i llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme 5 socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems 6 aslongasyoudon tloseheart you llsucceed 7 tryashemight hecouldnotfindajob 8 theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson 时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 让步 方式 状语从句的分类 考点与难点归纳 考点与难点归纳 1 各种从属连词的含义及用法比较 2 nomatterwh 与wh ever引导的从句的区别 3 状语从句的时态问题 4 状语从句倒装及紧缩问题 5 状语从句与其它从句的区别 考点 难点 1 时间状语从句问题1 1 04北京春 wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstarted a whenb whilec untild before2 02上海 hewasabouttotellmethesecret someonepattedhimontheshoulder a asb untilc whiled when3 05上海 hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden itwasthebesttimeforit a whereb whenc thatd until4 05福建 didjackcomebackearlylastnight yes itwasnotyeteighto clock hearrivedhome a beforeb whenc thatd until5 06辽宁 hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal afamiliarvoicecametohisears a whyb wherec whend while a d b b c 连接词when的用法小结1 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的 也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作 如 whenthefilmended thepeoplewentback whenilivedthere iusedtogototheseashoreonsundays 2 可用作并列连词 其意义为 那时 这时 相当于andatthis thattime 常用于下列句式 somebodywasdoingsomething wasabouttodosth wasonthepointofdoingsth when 刚要 这时突然 3 还可以表示原因 既然 相当于since consideringthat 如 itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes 问题2 6 06天津 thecostoflivinginglasgowisamongthelowestinbritain thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest a sinceb whenc asd while7 04年江苏 iacceptthatheisnotperfect idoactuallyliketheperson a whileb sincec befored unless 连接词while的用法小结 1 while引导的动作必须是持续性的 侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比 如 pleasedon ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking 2 while作为并列连词 意为 而 却 表示对比 3 while可表示尽管 相当于although d a 连接词when while as的用法区别 1 while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的 也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 如 when whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast heheardthedoorbellring whenistoppedmycar amancameuptome 不可用while 2 从句动作发生在主句动作之前时 只能用when引导这个从句 不可用as或while 如 whenyouhavefinishedyourwork youmayhavearest 3 表示 随着 连词用as 不用when或while 如 astheelectionapproached theviolencegotworse 4 如果主句表示的是短暂动作 而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时 when while与as可互换使用 如 when while asiwaswalkingdownthestreet icameacrossanoldfriendofmine 问题3 1 01北京春 didyouremembertogivemarythemoneyyouowedher yes igaveittoher isawher a whileb themomentc suddenlyd once2 1998上海 ithoughtherniceandhonest imether a firsttimeb forthefirsttimec thefirsttimed bythefirsttime3 enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport a hehardlyhadb hadhehardlyc hardlyhadhed hardlyhehad b c c 小结 1 一些词 如themoment theminute theinstant immediately directly instantly hardly when scarcely when nosooner than等也可引导一个时间状语从句 相当于assoonas的意思 ididn twaitamoment butcameimmediatelyyoucalled 2 一些含有time的名词短语 如everytime eachtime nexttime bythetime等 以及theday theyear themorning等 也可引导一个时间状语从句 thedayhereturnedhome hisfatherwasalreadydead nexttimeyoucome pleasebringyourcomposition 3 如果hardly或nosooner或scarcely置于句首 句子必须用部分倒装结构 hardlyhadigothomewhenitbegantorain 问题4 1 03北京春 washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool yes hehadneverpraisedhim hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade a afterb unlessc untild when2 03上海 agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners curiosity hereachestheendofthestory a whenb unlessc afterd until3 itwasnot shetookoffherdarkglasses irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar a when thatb until thatc until whend when then c d b 小结 till until和not until 1 until till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时 主句的动词是延续性动词 表示动作或状态一直持续到until till所表示的时间 意为 某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止 如 wewaiteduntilhecame 2 用于否定句时 主句谓语动词是非延续性动词 从句为肯定 意为 某动作直到某时间才开始 如 hewon tgotobedtill untilshereturns 3 till不可以置于句首 而until可以 如 untilyoutoldmeihadnoideaofit 4 not until句型中的强调和倒装说法 itwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatihadanyideaofit notuntilyoutoldmedidihaveanyideaofit 问题5 1 03年北京 hemadeamistake butthenhecorrectedthesituation itgotworse a untilb whenc befored as2 04福建 scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients a sinceb afterc befored when3 06四川 whydidn tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting herushedoutoftheroom icouldsayaword a beforeb untilc whend after4 05北京春 itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime a beforeb sincec afterd because c c a b 连接词before的小结 一 含义1 wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland 2 wehadn trunamilebeforehefelttired 3 pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit 4 beforeicouldgetinaword hehadmeasuredme 才 不到 就 趁 还没来得及 二 before从句中谓语不用否定式 如 beforetheyreachedthestation thetrainhadgone 三 1 句型itwillbe was 段时间 before 还要过多久才 如 itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry 2 句型itwillbe wasnot 一段时间 before 不多久就 如 itwasn ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry 3 句型itis 段时间 since 时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起 如 itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy 2 条件状语从句问题1 1 thewtocannotliveuptoitsname itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind 2000全国 a aslongasb whilec ifd eventhough2 itisknowntoallthat youexerciseregularly youwon tkeepgoodhealth 05重庆卷 a unlessb wheneverc althoughd if c a unless相当于ifnot 意思是 除非 如果不 就 这也是高考的热点之一 复习时也应给予高度重视 问题2 1 icansee thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger 04北京春季 a aslongasb asfarasc justasd evenif2 ialwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenigotothedoctor s ihavetowait 05全国卷3 a incaseb sothatc inorderd asif b a aslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句 aslongas表示 只要 asfaras表示 就 而论 而言 题1根据题意应该选用b incase表示 以防 根据题2的句意 不难作出选择 3 让步状语从句问题1 1 iacceptthatheisnotperfect idoactuallyliketheperson 04江苏 a whileb sincec befored unless2 allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions theyaredifferentfromyourown 05湖南卷 a untilb evenifc unlessd asthough a b while是高考中的高频词 它既可引导时间状语从句 又可引导并列句 还可引导让步状语从句 表示 尽管 evenif等于eventhough 表示 即使 尽管 asthough等于asif 引导方式状语从句 表示 好像 似乎 问题2 1 hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem difficultitwas 05天津卷 a howeverb nomatterc whateverdalthough2 theoldtowermustbesaved thecost 05浙江 a howeverb whateverc whicheverd wherever a b nomatterwh 与wh ever的联系及区别 nomatterwh 只引导让步状语从句 此时与wh ever通用 如 nomatterwhen wheneverhecomesback heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty wh ever又可引导名词性从句 nomatterwh 不能 如 whatevericandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome 4 状语从句的时态问题问题1 1 thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone somequickrepairwork 04全国iv ahasdonebisdoingcdoesdhaddone2 itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime 05北京春季 a beforeb sincec afterd when 在条件 时间和让步从句中 用一般现在时表示一般将来时 用现在完成时表将来完成时 用一般过去时表过去将来时 在since引导的时间状语从句中 动词一般都用一般过去时 而主句常用现在完成时 c b 5 状语从句的倒装问题问题1 1 sodifficult ittoliveinanenglish speakingcountrythatideterminedtolearnenglish 01上海 a ihavefeltb haveifeltc ididfeeld didifeel2 notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas 95nmet a didthevillagersrealizeb thevillagersrealizedc thevillagersdidrealized didn tthevillagersrealize 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况 否定词开头 so加adj 开头 as though引导的让步状语从句 d a 特别注意 hardly when nosooner than childasheis hardlyhadhegottothestationwhenthetrainleft nosoonerhadhegottothestationthanthetrainleft childasheis hecanspeaksevenforeignlanguages 6 状语从句与并列句的区别问题1 1 thoughheisinhissixties heworksashardasayoungmana yetb butc andd andyet2 excusemeforbreakingin ihavesomenewsforyou nmet02 a sob andc butd yet 题1是主从复合句 所以中间不能使用并列连词and or but so等 yet是副词 只有yet可以与though连用 题2为并列句 而 excuse but 为一固定搭配 在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分 a c 对比训练与巩固 heheardthis hegotveryangry 2 imetlucy iwaswalkingalongtheriver 3 achild helivedinthecountryside a whenb whilec as 对比训练1 a b c 1 wewereabouttoleave itbegantorain 2 shethoughtiwastalkingaboutherson infact iwastalkingaboutmyson 3 hardlyhadifinishedmycomposition thebellrang a whenb whilec asd during 对比训练2 a b a 1 child sheis sheknowalot 2 hedidtheexperient hewastold 3 thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper butnot good a duringb asc sod thoughe bothbandc 对比训练3 e b b 1 hewouldhavealookatthebookstores hewenttotown 2 wedecidetofinishtheworkontime happens 3 ifwe