高三英语备课组高考阅读理解教学策略课件.ppt

阅读理解备考策略 事实细节题 首先可以从问题中找出关键词 然后到段落里迅速找到这一细节 再把细节所在段落细读一遍以确保对细节的正确理解 从而选出正确答案 搜寻直接信息的技巧 凡涉及5w who when where what why 和5h howsoon howlong howoften howmany howabout 等试题可采取浏览或搜寻的方式 假如寻找时间发生的时间 注意力应放在日期上 寻找姓名和地点时 注意力应放在以大写字母开头的单词上 寻找某人的职业则应注意 比如career job manager makealivngby business预测所要搜寻的信息在文中可能出现的位置 以便阅读时具有一定的选择性跟针对性 词义猜测的技巧 word guessing fromcontext利用上下文相关信息 fromcontrast利用对比 fromcauseandeffect利用因果关系 fromsimilarity appositive利用同义 同位语 fromcommonsense利用常识 fromcomparison利用比较 fromwordinformation利用举例 fromdefinitionorexplanation利用定义 解释 fromexamples利用举例 1 fromcontext 利用上下文相关信息 towardstheevening therecomesthegrandfinaleoftheopeningday anextremelyexecitinghorerace 05江苏高考题 66 theunderlinedword finale inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymeansthe oftheopeningday a firstpartb middlec lastpartd whole c inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers theystronglyblamecompetition amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety 05重庆高考题 73 theunderlinedphrase themostvocal inparagraph3means thosewhotrytheirbesttowinthosewhovaluecompetitionmosthighlythosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststronglythosewhorelyonothersmostforsuccess c 2 fromdefinitionorexplanation 利用定义或解释 signalwords means refersto tobecalled tobeknownas canbedefinedas inotherwords etc grown upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence weknowthatifweputaboxinaroomandlockthedoor theboxwillstillbetherewhenwecomeback 04北京高考题 69 inparegraph3 objectpermanence meansthatwhenoutofsight anobject stillexistsb keepsitsshapec stillstayssolidd isbeyondreach a 3 fromcontrast 利用对比 signalwords unlike but however while yet onthecontrary etc lackofparentwillpowermaycontributemoretojuvenileobesitythanunder exercisingorovereating 05天津高考题 39 whatdoedtheunderlinedphrase juvennileobesity mean adulteducationb childhoodoverweightc parents influenced growingpains b 4 fromcauseandeffect 利用因果关系 signalwords because so such that so that ect whensomekindofpainkillerwasbroughtoutrecently researchersfoundthatthecoloursturnedthecustomersoffbecausetheymadetheproductlookweakandineffective 04广东高考题 65 theunderlinedpart thecoloursturnedthecustomersoff inpara 3 meansthatthecolours attractedthecustomersstronglyhadweakeffectsonthecustomerstrickedthecustomersintoshoppingcausedthecustomerstoloseinterest d 5 fromcommonsense 利用常识 pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots oryoungleaves 05江西高考题 68 inthefirstparagraph theword pruning means regularcuttingoftheplantsfrequentwateringregularuseofchemicalsgrowingtheplantshighinthemountain a 6 fromsimilarity appositive利用同义 同位语 signalwords or thatis thatistosay inotherwords etc 1 theyarevertebrates thatis animalshavebackbones 2 theperiodofadolescence i e theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood maybelongorshort 脊椎动物 青春期 7 fromexamples 利用举例 signalwords example forexample forinstance suchas like as as etc 1 althoughthehazardsofthetripweremany forexample theunbearableheat thepossibilityofgettinglost thepresenceofwildanimalsandpoisonoussnakes collinsneverthelessdecidedthatshemustgo 2 theanimalwiththelongevityisthegiantlandtortoisewhichcanliveseveralhundredsyears 危险 长寿 8 fromcomparison 利用比较 signalwords as like thesameas ect 1 thesnowwasfalling bigflakesdriftedwiththewindlikefeathers 2 unlikehergregarioussister janeisashypersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesormakenewfriends 雪花 雪片 爱交际的 9 fromwordformation 利用举例 il im in ir un dis not illegal immodest incorrect irregular unimportant disappear bi two bilingual bimonthly inter between international interdependent micro small microcomputer mis wrong misunderstand pre before preplan prehistory semi half semicircle er or theonewho writer editor able ble capableof fitfor comfortable valuable fy tomake beautify purify ic al relatingto havingthenatureof economichistorical ize tomake apologize ous ious fullof ofthenatureof nervous dangerous tion ation condition attention operation sion theactof decision conclusion 1 hedrewconcentriccircle 2 marrycassattgaveuphersocialpositionandallthoughtofahusbandandafamily whichinthosetimeswasunthinkableforayounglady 3 finally renewableenergysourcesareusedeventhoughtheyareoftenexpensivetodevelop 同心的 不可思议的 可更新的 可再生的 主旨大意题解题技巧 结构 读首段抓大意 说明文 议论文等多采用这种结构 文章段落的中心 即主题句在文章开头 因此 要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首段读尾段抓大意 有时文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾 作为对全篇的总结 还要特别留意每段的topicsentence 多出现在每段的第一句 animalscanmovefromplacetoplace butplantscannot whenananimalisunderattack itcanrunawayorfightback plantscertainlycannotrunaway andtheylackteethandclaws butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway someplants suchastheoaktree havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses acertainplantinchina forinstance hasprickly 多刺的 leaves andeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom 毒液 asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture 05江苏 71 whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage a plantsandanimalsb howplantsdefendthemselvesc attacksanddefensesd howanimalseatplantleaves b 推理判断题的选项一般可分为以下四种类型 复述型 对原文意思通过不同方式表达 可选作答案 发展型 是由原文推想而得出的 与原文意思不矛盾 也可选作答案 矛盾型 与原文句意不合 不能选作答案 无关型 句子本身逻辑完整 但原文中未涉及 即与原文句意无关 也无法通过推理得出 不能作为