高中英语Module 2 unit 1 grammar现在完成时与现在完成进行时 课件必修三.ppt

现在完成时的用法 1 表示刚刚完成的动作 常与just连用 2 表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态 甚至延续到将来 常与since for连用 但for since不能与终止性的动词连用 3 表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 grammarpresentperfecttensepresentperfectcontinuoustense presentperfecttense weformthepresentperfecttensewithhave hasandthepastparticipleoftheverb 现在完成时的构成 have has done 过去分词 现在完成时的用法 1 现在完成时表示的动作在说话之前已完成 但对现在有影响 句中没有具体时间状语 wehaveboughtanewcomputer 含义是现在已经有电脑了 hehasgivenupdrinking 含义是他现在已经不喝酒了 hehasgonetobeijing 她已经到北京去了 含义是 她已前往北京 或在途中 或已到过 现在人不在这里 hehasbeentobeijing 她曾到过北京 含义是 她去过北京 表示一种经历 说话时她还在这里 have hasgoneto have hasbeento 2 现在完成时可以表示过去发生而持续到现在 也许还会继续进行下去 的动作或状态 这一用法通常都要与for since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用 shehaslivedhereformorethantenyears 她已在此住了10多年了 含义是她可能现在已不住在这里 也有可能再住下去 shehasstudiedenglishsince1998 她从2004年起就开始学习英语 for后接的是时间段since后接时间点 而且后面跟的是过去时间 现在完成时不能和明确的时间状语 lastweek justnow in1949 yesterday等 连用 但可以和不明确的时间状语 如 already yet recently lately ever never just twice threetimes等 连用 也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语 如 thismorning today now thisweek month sofar等 连用 ithasbeencoldthiswinter 今年冬天一直很冷 说话时还是冬天 在过去几年中 我们家乡发生了巨大的变化 thereweregreatchangesinourhome towninthepastfewyears therehavebeengreatchangesinourhometowninthepastfewyears 析 in duringthepast last 复数名词 是完成时态的标志之一 误 正 1 ithascomehereforafewweeks 2 shehasjoinedthepartyforseveralweeks itcamehereafewweeksago ithasbeenhereforafewweeks shejoinedthepartyseveralweeksago shehasbeenapartymemberforseveralweeks 一定要注意 像come join marry leave die arrive begin stop等这样的瞬间动词 它们所表示的动作是在一刹那间或很短的一段时间内完成的 因此 瞬间动词的现在完成时的肯定式不可与表示时间段的时间状语连用 他父亲离开祖国已经50年了 析 瞬间动词的完成时的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 hisfatherhasbeenawayfromhishomelandforfiftyyears hisfatherlefthishomelandfiftyyearsago hisfatherhaslefthishomelandforfiftyyears ihavereceivedhisletterforalmostamonth 注意 瞬间动词的现在完成时的肯定式不可与表示时间段的时间状语连用 瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用 即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的 ihaven treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth 1 it thisisthefirst secondtime that 结构中的从句部分 用现在完成时 例如 itisthefirsttimethatihavevisitedthecity 这是我第一次访问这城市 这是我第一次听他唱歌 thisisthefirsttime that i veheardhimsing 注意 itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate 用于现在完成时的句型 典型例题 1 doyouknowourtownatall no thisisthefirsttimei here a wasb havebeenc camed amcoming b thisisthefirsttime后面所加从句应为现在完成时 故选b haveyou beentoourtownbefore no it sthefirsttimei here a even comeb even havecomec ever comed ever havecome d ever意为曾经或无论何时 反意词为never 此两词常用于完成时 lookatthefollowingsentencesandpointoutwhattenseortensesareusedinthemandthereasonswhytheyareused 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时与现在有联系 它表示过去的动作对现在所产生的结果 影响 一般过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作 与现在没什么联系 ihavelostmypen ilostmypenyesterday 1wehavestudiedenglishforaboutfiveyears webegantostudyitfiveyearsago 2ericlefthomelastyearandhasjustcomeback 3justinhasbeenawayfromhomeforseveraldays hedisappearedlastfriday 4theyboughtthishousethreeyearsagoandtheyhavelivedheresincethen 5mybrotherwenttoseemygrandpalastweek hehasvisitedhimthreetimesthismonth practice thetaperecorder be outoforderlastweek we have itrepairedthedaybeforeyesterday it be ingoodconditioneversince we know eachothersincewe be boys was had hasbeen haveknown were exercise page8 myfriendjackhasjustsentmeane mail tellingmeabouthistravelsaroundtheworld hehasjustbeen justbe toqomolangmabasecampand see ayetithere heisstillveryexcitedaboutit he visit thegreatpyramidinegypttoo hesaysthathe love egyptbuthe notvisit allthepyramidsyet saw hasvisited loves hasn tvisited he swim inlochness butluckilyhe nevermeet thelochnessmonster he dive intheindianoceanmanytimeslookingfortreasure althoughhe find manysunkenships he notfind anytreasure he be tothegreatwallbefore i mnotsure butihave hasswum hasnevermet hasdived hasfound hasn tfound has been thepresentcontinuoustense 现在完成进行时构成 have has been 现在分词 现在完成进行时的用法 现在完成进行时表示在过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作 这一动作很可能还要延续下去 shehasbeentalkingtomesinceshesawme 瞬间动词 如 finish marry getup come go等 不能用现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时常和allthismorning thesefewdays allnight thismonth recently等状语以及since和for所引导的状语短语或从句连用 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的主要区别 现在完成进行时着重表示动作的延续性 而现在完成时着重表示动作的结果 shehasreadthisbook shehasbeenreadingthisbook ihaveworkedhereforthreeyears ihavebeenworkingherefor3years 现在完成时可表示反复发生的动作 提问时用howmanytimes 而现在完成进行时则表示持续的 不间断的动作 提问时用howlong ihavevisitedegypttwicethismonth howmanytimeshaveyouvisitedegypt ihavebeenvisitingegyptfortwomonths howlonghaveyouvisitedegypt havebeenobserving havebeentalking havebeentaking havebeenwatching haveseen havebeenwriting iamsorryi keep youwaitingsolong itisallright i read thenewspapers cctv broadcast englishprogrammeseversine1977 havekept havebeenreading hasbeenbroadcasting practice englishweekly15第三版translation thankyou homework 习案 grammarandusage单项选择和句子翻译 请用现在完成时或现在完成进行时填空 sincesheisoutofjob lucy consider goingbacktoschool butshe decide yet he learn agreatdealsincehejoinedinthecompany 3 you see mydictionary yes iputitinyourdeskjustnow 4 thisisthethirdtimethati visit hongkong 5 sorry i late iwascaughtinthetrafficjam that sallright i notwait long 1 thatdresswhenifirstsawyouatthestation a wereyouwearingb haveyouwornc didyouweard doyouwear2 katedoesn tlookverywell what swrongwithher shehasaheadachebecauseshe toolong sheoughttostopwork a hasbeenreadingb hadreadc isreadingd wasreading3 tellthestudentstostopshouting we ouressays a writeb havebeenwritingc arewritingd havewritten 4 myuncle sam managerofthefirm a hasjustmadeb isjustbeingmadec hasjustbeenmaded isjustmade5 thisisthefirsttimethestudents tohydepark a havegoneb havebeengonec havebeengoingd arebeinggone6 she hermother sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital a isdoingb hasbeendoingc hasdoned hasbeendone7 nowthatyou whatareyougoingtodo a arebeingreturnedb havebeenreturningc havebeenreturnedd havereturned 8 i theincidentasifitwereyesterday a amstilltorememberb havestillbeenrememberingc ambeingstillrememberedd stillremember9 where themap ican tseeanywhere i itrightherejustnow a didyouput haveputb haveyouput putc hadyouput wasputtingd wereyouputting haveput10 johntoldmarythathe whathewasdoingduringthevacation a wasjustaskedb wasjustaskingc hadjustbeenaskedd hadjustasked 11 istartedmyteachingcareerattheschool thatwasmorethantwentyyearsago andi thereeversince a wasb hadbeenc willbed havebeen12 we fineweatherforthepastfewdays a haveb arehavingc havebeenhadd havebeenhaving13 it everydaysofarthismonth a israiningb rainsc hasrainedd hasbeenrained14 bytheendoflastyearthey 1 000machines a turnedoutb hadturnedoutc wouldturnoutd hadbeenturnedout 15 don tputthewasteontheground oh i mverysorry i thedustbinthere a don tseeb isn tseeingc didn tseed haven tseen16 goodheavens thereyouare we anxiousaboutyou we youbackmuchearlierallthroughthenight a are expectb were hadexpectedc willbe areexpectingd havebeen wereexpecting 1 ithascomehereforafewweeks 2 shehasjoinedthepartyforseveralweeks 1 itcamehereafewweeksago 或ithasbeenhereforafewweeks 2 shejoinedthepartyseveralweeksago 或shehasbeenapartymemberforseveralweeks 大家一定要注意 像come marry join arrive leave begin die stop等这样的瞬间动词 它们所表示的动作是在一刹那间或很短的一段时间内完成的 因此 它们的完成时怎么能够和表示一段时间的状语连用呢 practice you mypen see yes i itonyourdeskjustnow have seen saw 2 现在完成时表示过去延续到现在的行为 一般过去时着重过去某一时刻的某一具体动作 shehasbeenanenglishteacherfor5years shewasanenglishteacherfor5years 她当了五年英语老师了 她当过五年英语老师 表示短暂时间动作的词如 come go die marry buy leave join等的完成时不能与for since等词连用 thedisappearanceofjustin make kellyveryunhappy hasmade weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast butareconnectedtothepresent i notsee justinsincelastfridaynight havenotseen wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepast andisstillhappeningnow weusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas alreadyyetjustforsinceeverneverlatelyrecently weusealreadyforaffirmativestatementsandyetfornegativestatements theboyhasalreadycomehere ihaven theardanythingfromhimyet weusefor aperiodoftimeandsince apointintime wehaven tseenhimfortwoyears wehaven tseenhimsince2002 weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions somevillagerssaythattheyhavebeenufosmanytimes presentperfectcontinuoustense weusethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillcontinuing ihavenotbeensleepingwellsinceireturnedhome ireturnedhome iamstillnotsleepingwell notbeingabletosleepwell past present wealsousethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthathavejustfinishedbutarestillconnectedtothepresentinsomeway kelly sorry i mlate haveyoubeenwaitinglong mavis yes i vebeenwaitingforanhour past kellyarrives mavisstartedwaitingforkelly present onehourago weformthepresentperfectcontinuoustensewithhave hasbeenandthepresentparticipleoftheverb presentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuous weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactioncompletedintherecentpast andthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillhappening lijiahasreadabookaboutstonehenge shefinishedreadingthebook lijiahasbeenreadingabookaboutstonehenge sheisstillreadingthebook 2 wecanusethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensefornon stopactions i egypttwicethismonth i egyptfortwomonths hasvisited hasbeentouring 2 weusuallyusethepresentperfecttensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowmany much andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowlong howmanytimeshaveyouswuminthelake howlonghaveyoubeenswimminginthelake 3 wecanuseeitherastateverboranactionverbwiththepresentperfecttensebutweusuallycanonlyuseanactionverbwiththepresentperfectcontinuoustense 1 ihavehadthiscameraforfiveyears 2 ihaveactionphotosofufoswiththiscamera 3 ihavebeenwritingphotosofufoswiththiscamera stateverb actionverb actionverb 5 weusethepresentperfecttense notthepresentperfectcontinuoustense withthewordslikenever yet alreadyandever i venevervisitedparis i vealreadybeentoparis choosetherightwords wheredoyouthinktheboyhasbeenwaiting whathavethealiensbeentravellingin whatdoesitlooklike whoelsehavethealienstalkedto whatotherplanetshavethealiensvisited sampleanswersb1hehasbeenwaitingatanundergroundstation 2theyhavebeentravelinginanufo itlookslikeasaucer 3theyprobablyhavetalkedtoanimalsorplantsontheearthaswellascreaturesonotherplants 4theyhavevisitedmars venus jupiterandsomeotherplanets keysentences policeinamericanhavesteppeduptheirsearchforafifteen year oldboy peoplehaveshowngreatinterestinhisdisappearance ihaven tseenjustinsince somepeopleindoveralsosaythattheyhaveseenaliens policehavenotruledoutthepossibilitythatjustinwastakenbyaliens but whohastakenchargeofthecase have has not pastparticiple ex a haveyou beentonewyork b no ihaven tbeentonewyork ihavegonetobeijing butiwillgotonewyorkthissummer a i msureyou lllikeit hey doyouknowthatmyfamilyhaveownedaplane 1920 b idon tbelieveyourfamilyhavehadaplane over80years a infact youhaveseenitinthesittingroom b yes ihave noticedit butihaveseenitmanytimes it sonlyamodel ever recently lately since for already yet just once twice threetimes yet ever recently lately since for already just fororsince wehaven tseenhimfortwoyears wehaven tseenh