高中英语重点语法必要看的练习课件人教版必修2.ppt

unit2grammarandusage 1 i 名词从句的种类thattheearthisroundisafact mrsblackwon tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 vi 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语 引导词有连词that that不可省 whether 代词有who what which 副词when where how why等 如 1 thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger 2 whenhewillgotoamericaisnotyetfixed itisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoamerica 3 whethershe scomingornotdoesn tmattertoomuch notif itdoesn tmattertoomuchwhethershe scomingornot viii 表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语 引导词有连词that that不可省 whether 代词有who what which 副词when where how why等 如 theproblemisthatwedidn tgetintouchwithhim thisishowhenrysolvedtheproblem hissuggestionisthatwe should finishtheworkatonce 如果句子的主语是suggestion advice order demand等名词时 后面引导的表语从句用should 动词原形 should可省略 vii 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 引导词有连词that that常可省略 whether if 代词有who whose what which 副词when where how why等 如 1 webelieve that heishonest 2 iaskedif whether theyhadacheapsuit 3 canyoutellwhichdictionaryishers 4 ireallydon tknowwhatheisdoing ix 同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用 一般放在名词fact news idea promise thought suggestion等之后 用以说明或解释前面的名词 引导词有连词that 少数情况下也可用连接副词等 如 1 thethoughtthatwemightsuccessexcitedus 2 theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering 3 thesuggestionthattheplan should bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow 4 youhavenoideahowworriediwas 名词suggestion advice order demand等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should 动词原形 should可省略 iii nounclausesintroducedbyquestionwords wecanusethefollowingquestionwordstointroducenounclauses what which who whom whose when where whyandhow weuseaquestionwordtointroduceanounclausewhentheclauseisawh question theclausecanfunctionasthesubject objectorpredicativeofthesentence ii tellthefunctionofthefollowingsentences a subjectb objectc predicatived appositive 1 thefactthatgreatbritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany 2 thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing 3 somepeoplefeelthatwalesisanancientfairyland 4 thathewillcomeiscertain 5 theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration 6 whyhediditwasn tquiteclear d c b b a a 疑问词引导的名词性从句引导词的选择 遵循缺什么补什么的原则 具体要分析该从句中缺少什么成分 疑问词在从句中的作用 时间when地点where指方式how指数量howmany much指所属whose哪一个which修饰名词 是否whether常与ornot连用什么what作主语 时间when地点where指方式how指数量howmany much修饰名词 指所属whose哪一个which修饰名词 表语是否whether什么what作主语 时间状语 地点状语 方式状语 作定语 表语 作定语 作主语 表语 宾语 与名词一起做主语 表语 宾语 常与ornot连用 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 thisis ileftmyglasses schoolyouwanttogotomattersmuch ihavenoidea hehasgone thereisnowheretoseehim when who what where which where 1 what与that的区别what可作主语 宾语 表语 而that仅起连接作用 在从句中不充当任何句子成分 thenews ourteamhaswonistrue hemadeitquiteclear hepreferredtostudyenglish theteachersaidhadagoodeffectonthechildren youdon tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness alltheinventionshaveincommonis theyhavesucceeded that that what that what that 2 whatever whoever等和nomatterwhat nomatterwho等的区别whatever等可以引导名词性从句 anythingthat可以引导让步状语从句 nomatterwhatnomatterwhat等只能引导让步状语从句 wewilldowhateverourpartycallsonustodo wewilldoanythingthatourpartycallsonustodo iwillchangemymind whateveryousay iwillchangemymind nomatterwhatyousay 3 在doyouthink suppose imagine believe guess expect 后引导宾语从句 作关联词语的疑问词要移到句首 宾语从句用陈述句语序 但要注意当doyouthink作为插入语 而且其前后有逗号隔开时 仍用疑问语序 whodoyouknow invitetotheparty who doyouthink invitetotheparty hewill willhe 4 why that与because的区别一般情况下 当主语是reason时 后面表语从句的引导词只能用that why引导表语从句时 强调的是结果 而because引导的表语从句 强调的是原因 igotwetallthrough that sbecauseihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella 表示我浑身湿透的原因是我既没有雨衣又没有雨伞 ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella that swhyigotwetallthrough 表示的结果是我浑身都湿透了 thereason igotwetis ihadneither nor why that it sabook it seighto clock it scoldoutside it salongwaytothemuseum it的一些用法 指代 时间 天气 距离 itis was adj of forsbtodosth 1当动名词 不定式或从句作主语时 通常把它们放在谓语之后 用it作句子的形式主语 常见的有以下情况 itisgoodforyoutodomoreexerciseandeathealthier itisfoolishofyoutobestillworryingaboutit itis was n apity anhonour ashame one sduty awonder todo it smyhonourtocomehereandcontributemyselftoeducation it syourdutytomakegooduseofyourtimeandworkhardforyourfuture itis n afact ashame apity nowonder goodnews thatitis adj necessary strange important wonderful clear obvious possible likely certain thate g itis was no good use value help doingsth itisnousetellinghimitagain itislikelythatthemeetingwillbeputoff it snowonderthathefailedtheexaminationagain itis p p said written reported well known accepted announced estimated admitted concluded thatitissaidthattheyaredoingfineinschool itseems appears happens turnsout provesthat 2it用于强调句中itis was 被强调部分that who 其他成分 注意以下几点 强调主语时应注意主谓一致 特殊疑问句中有who时 只能用that作连接词 强调宾语时 代词可用宾格 itisiwho thatamresponsibleforit 是我应该对这件事负责 itwastomthat who whomimetinthestreetthismorning我今天在大街上见到的的确是汤姆 whowasitthattoldyouthenews 到底是谁告诉你这个消息的 强调句若为否定句 要把not放在be动词之后 强调句若为特殊疑问句 要把疑问词提前 强调句若为一般疑问句 要把be提前 itwasnottomwhohadtakenmybookbymistake真的不是汤姆错拿了我的书 wasitonthebusthatyoupickedupmywallet 你是在车上捡到我的钱包的吗 whatwasitthatpreventedyoufromcomingtomybirthdayparty 究竟是什么阻止你来参加我的生日晚会 强调句后如果有反意疑问句 其主语一定是ititwasin1995thatyougraduated wasn tit 你是在1995年毕业的 对吗 在强调句not until句型中的until部分时 常把not置于被强调的until部分前itwasnotuntilhecamebackthatileft 是直到他回来以后我才离开的 1 wheredoesapersoncomefrom thiswillaffecttheirstyleofspeech whereapersoncomesfromwillaffecttheirstyleofspeech wh question subject 2 whydoesenglishhavesuchstrangerules youcanbegintoseeit youcanbegintoseeitwhyenglishhassuchstrangerules wh question object 3 whyisenglishalanguewithsomanyconfusingrules thisisthereason thisiswhyenglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules wh question predicative attention wechangethewordorderinaclauseafteraquestionwordintothatofastatement 2 wecannotleaveoutthequestionwordsinnounclausesinanycases v translation1 乘宇宙飞船去月球是可能的 2 我发现学好英语是很重要的 3 他似乎已经知道问题的答案 4 他的父母是死在二战中 5 我们在哪儿听报告还没定 itispossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship ifinditveryimportanttolearnenglishwell itseemsthathehasknowntheanswertotheproblem itwasinthesecondworldwarthathisparentsdied ithasn tbeendecidedwherewe lllistentothereport iv exercises aonpage28bonpage28 choosethebestanswer doyouremember hecame yes ido hecamebycar a howb whenc thatd if2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather a ifb whetherc thatd where3 askher comewithus a ifshewillcomeb ifwillshec whethershed whetherwillshe4 wecan tunderstandis hedidn tjoinusinourdiscussion a that whyb which howc what whatd what why a b a d 5 itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp a thatb whichc whatd how6 itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays a whichb whatc thatd how7 it joedrivesbadly a thoughtthatb thinksthatc isthoughtthatd isthoughtthat8 it heislateforclass a maythatb mightthatc maybethatd mightbewhat9 thisis shewasborn a whereb whichc thatd what10 thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday a thatb whatc whichd when 11 thequestionis itisworthdoing a ifb whetherc whichd what12 thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime a becauseb whyc thatd what13 mysuggestionis weshouldturnthelandintoricefields a whatb thatc whichd where14 hisproposalisthatthedam atthefootofthemountain a buildb willbuildc bebuiltd willbebuilt15 myadviceisthathe regularhouse a keepb wouldkeepc keepsd kept16 knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit a whothatb whoeverc whomthatd thatwho 17 weallknowthetruth theearthgoesroundthesun a thatb whichc whatd whether18 weheardthenews ourteamhadwon a whichb thatc whatd where19 theproblem itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided a whichb thatc whetherd if20 youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo a whichb whatc thatd where answers 1 o2 s3 p4 o5 o6 pb 1 why2 what3 which4 how why5 how6 who7 how8 which v choosethebestanswer doyouremember hecame yes ido hecamebycar a howb whenc thatd if2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather a ifb whetherc thatd where3 askher comewithus a ifshewillcomeb ifwillshec whethershed whetherwillshe4 wecan tunderstandis hedidn tjoinusinourdiscussion a that whyb which howc what whatd what why a b a d vi 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语 引导词有连词that that不可省 whether 代词有who what which 副词when where how why等 如 1 thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger 2 whenhewillgotoamericaisnotyetfixed itisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoamerica 3 whethershe scomingornotdoesn tmattertoomuch notif itdoesn tmattertoomuchwhethershe scomingornot vii 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 引导词有连词that that常可省略 whether if 代词有who whose what which 副词when where how why等 如 1 webelieve that heishonest 2 iaskedif whether theyhadacheapsuit 3 canyoutellwhichdictionaryishers 4 ireallydon tknowwhatheisdoing viii 表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语 引导词有连词that that不可省 whether 代词有who what which 副词when where how why等 如 theproblemisthatwedidn tgetintouchwithhim thisishowhenrysolvedtheproblem hissuggestionisthatwe should finishtheworkatonce 如果句子的主语是suggestion advice order等名词时 后面引导的表语从句用should 动词原形 should可省略 writtenexercisesfornounclauses x homework c1onpage94 unit2grammarandusage 2 emptyitnanjinguniversityattachedhighschoolzhuyunhui revisionit sabook 指代 it seighto clock 时间 it scoldoutside 天气 it salongwaytothemuseum 距离 ii emptysubjectitwecanuseitasanemptysubjecta whenweuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence correct thatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandoldenglishtodayiscertain b correct whetherenglishwillcontinuechanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer c correct whenweusecertainwordsdependsonthestyleofwriting preferable itiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandoldenglishtoday preferable itiseasytoanswerwhetherenglishwillcontinuechanginginthefuture preferable itdependsonthestyleofwritingwhenweusecertainwords it作形式主语的句型 it be adj true certain possible obvious likely that 2 it be nounphrase nowonder anhonour apity that 3 it be pastparticiple said reported expected announced that 4 it seems appearsthat 5 itdoesn tmatterthat b whenthesubjectisato infinitive a correct tomasteraforeignlanguageishard b correct toknowhowtouseacomputerisimportant preferable itishardtomasteraforeignlanguage preferable itisimportanttoknowhowtouseacomputer c whenthesubjectisav ingforma correct itisdifficulttostopsmoking b correct ittakesalotofmytimetravellingtobeijing weusuallyusetheemptysubjectitwithaclauseorto infinitive preferable butwiththev ingformweprefertherealsubjectatthebeginning tip preferable smokingisdifficulttostop preferable travellingtobeijingtakesupalotofmytime 2 itcanalsobeusedbeforeseem appear