高考英语专项指导短文改错 课件.ppt

高考英语专项指导 短文改错 1 shesaidsheandmyclassmateallwishedmesuccess 2 visitingfriendsisoneofthemostcommonoccurrenceinoureverydaylife 3 isawyournameonalistofteacherwhowishedtospendtheirholidaysinfrancethissummer 4 thisisreallyaproblemwechineseofficialpaymoreattentionto classmates occurrences teachers officials 错误类型例析 1 名词错误 名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误 确定名词单复数的方法 看修饰语 可数名词前若有数词及many alotof quiteafew oneof allthe one s 等修饰时 要用复数 主谓的一致 可数名词前无单数修饰语 一定要用复数 看其他限定 5 isittruethatsomegermenwillcometovisitourschoolnextweek 6 therearesomanykindsofcomputersonsalethatwecan tmakeupourmindwhichtobuy 7 allthewomandoctorsinthehospitalgotapresentontheeighthofmarch germans minds women 1 asiaminexperiencedteacher i mafraidihavelittletosayaboutthesubject 2 oneofthestudentswhoweresittinginfrontgaveadifferentanswertothequestion 3 thecomputerisanusefulmachinethatcandomanythingsforus 4 agreatcelebrationwasheldinthepeople ssquareonthenationalday an the a 错误类型例析 2 冠词错误 冠词是英语中特有的词类 由于汉语中没有相对应的词类 所以中国学生对它的用法感到非常难以掌握 短文改错对冠词的考查几乎年年都有 但多是基本用法如 不可数名词表泛指 前面多冠词 专有名词前多冠词 单数可数名词前缺冠词 不定冠词a an与定冠词the的误用以及固定搭配中的冠词错误等 5 manypeopleagreethattheknowledgeofenglishisamustininternationaltrade 6 hefailedbuthewantedtotrythesecondtime 7 howbeautifullyshesings i veneverheardthebettervoice 8 afewfriendshe dmadetherewereallinvitedtohisbirthdayparty a a a the 1 mr johnsongavehisfriends maryandi ateaparty 2 ihavethesameideaashis 3 wegotontheschoolbusandwhichtookusstraighttothepeople spark me he him it 错误类型例析 3 代词错误 代词错误主要有人称代词格的误用 不定代词使用错误 作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用以及代词所指代的内容与先行词在性和数方面不一致等 5 thefootballteamhasdonewellthisyear alloftheirmembershavetrainedhard 6 hedesignednewtoolswhichwerefitfortheuserswhentheyworkedwithit 7 haven timadethisclearthatyoumustn tspiteverywhere its them it i msureyourillnessiscausedbysomethingmoreseriouslythanoverwork 2 themixtureofcoffee milk andsugartastesdifferentlyfromtea 3 myhometownhastakenonanewlook howgreatithaschanged 4 helistenedtohisheartandsaidtherewasnothingseriouswrongwithhim serious different greatly seriously 错误类型例析 4 词性错误 根据词在句中的位置及与其他词的修饰与被修饰的关系来确定词的正确形式 词在句中不同的句法功能要求使用相应的词性 词性误用包括形容词副词误用和其他词性误用 连系动词后或名词前用形容词 修饰行为动词 形容词副词 过去分词或整个句子用副词 5 usuallyatthebeginofameeting wesangthenationalsong 6 wheniheardthestepsoutside ihurriedlywentuptothewindowtoseewhopastby beginning passed 1 doyouknowwhatsubjectstheystudywhiletheywereatcollege 2 itwasalongtimesinceisawtomatmyuncle sandidon tknowwherehe sbeenthesemonths 3 theshiphardlylefttheportwhenaterriblestormcame 4 thetimeissuretocomewhenmywordscometrue studied is had will 错误类型例析 5 时态与语态错误 时态错误 根据语境用错时态 根据句子结构或句意用错时态 根据连词对称性原则用错时态及根据时间状语用错时态 解题时应根据特定的语境 特定的时间状语提示 正确调整时态 语态错误 是该用被动语态却用了主动语态或不能用于被动语态的词如happen takeplace occur sellwell belongto等却用了被动语态 5 therulerequiresthateveryonehashisbike neworold checkedonceayear 6 therebytheriversittinganoldmanwhoseemedtobefishing 7 youarewetallover youmusthavecaughtinthesuddenheavyrain 8 inthesummerof1998 seriousfloodswereoccurredinmanypartsofchina have sat been 1 wemustdoeverythingwecanhelplinpinginhisfirstyearofteaching 2 shedidnothingbutcriedallday 3 jackwassaidtobemadestaybehindbyhisteacherafterschoolyesterday 4 peopleexpecttheirelectingofficialstobehonest to cry to elected 错误类型例析 6 非谓语动词错误 主要是不定式符号to的多余与遗漏 动名词作主语和介词宾语时误用原形动词 现在分词与过去分词的误用等 6 mr reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosetupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren 7 drtichauerhasdiscoveredthatusethesametoolsalldaylongformanyyearswillcauseseriousillnesses 8 therewasnomorebuses theyhadnochoicebuttowalkhome setting using being 错误类型例析 7 冗言错误 冗言错误是指受汉语的影响 句中用了多余的词 造成语义重复 主要有形容词副词比较级前用了多余的more 动词后接介词或副词造成语义重复以及句中使用多余的词等 1 ineverknewthataridedownarivercouldbesomuchexciting 2 wemuststudyhardinordertoserveforthepeoplebetterinthefuture 3 ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon 4 todayivisitedthesmiths myfirsttimevisittoanamericanfamily 1 itisaveryimportantexaminationbutican taffordtofailit 2 thenewpersononthejobfeelsbetterafterheandshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice 3 insomeplacesyoucanborrowmanybooksasyouwant 4 peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafewhundredyearsago as or so as 错误类型例析 8 连词错误 连词 conjunction 错误主要有并列连词and but or的误用 固定搭配中的连词使用错误以及根据上下文的关系连词使用错误等 解题时要根据词与词 句子与句子之间的关系来判断连接词的使用是否正确或是否多余或遗漏 要注意句子结构的完整性 6 mostpeoplecangethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill 7 it syearsafteripaintedapicture 8 wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo but since when therewasonceafarmerworkedveryhard1 everyday onedaywhenhewashoeinginthe2 sunshine hesuddenlylistenedalowsound3 peng heturnedandhurriedtothetree hefoundarabbitdying hetookheldofthe4 rabbitandwasexciting whatarabbit i ll5 haveittodinner thenhehadagoodidea 6 whycan tiwaitformorerabbitshere it scoolunderthetree sohedroppedoffhishoeandwaitthere butdayafterday there7 hadnomorerabbitscoming whatwasworse 8 allthehiscropsweredead thestorytells9 usthatyouwanttogetsomething youmust10 workhardforit remember nopains nogains who heard hold excited for waited were the if 1 willyoujoininusifwedecidetodothenewexperiment 2 lisawasworkingasasecretaryinabigfirmforthefirsttimeimether 3 shegoestovisitherparentsinthecountryonceinamonth 4 thediscoveryshe smadeinmedicineisgreatimportancetoscience of 错误类型例析 9 介词错误 介词错误有介词的遗漏 副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用等 5 shehadafeelingthatthesad lookingmanwasnotapersonshecouldtrustortalk 6 ittookplaceintheafternoonwhenimetyouinthestreet 7 wearehopingthataconcertwillsoonbegiven onwhichtheworksoflisztwillbeplayed 8 caribbeanmusicisquitepopularinbritain anditisverygoodmusictodance to on at to 1 thefirstpassengershadleftthesinkingshipwerewomenandchildren 2 thetechnicianstookasingledaytocompletetheworkihadplannedtofinishitwithinaweek 3 allofasuddenthelightswentoutinthedinning room wheretheguestswerehavingdinnerthere 4 inclassourteacherspoketousaboutthewriterandhisworkswhichwerestillunknowntousall who that that 错误类型例析 10 定语从句错误 从句中缺少作主语的关系代词 从句中使用了多余的人称代词 that与which的误用 关系代词与关系副词的误用 非限制性定语从句中使用人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 从句谓语动词的人称和数与先行词不一致 定语从句与强调句型误用 5 idon tthinkitisoneofthebestfilmsthathaseverbeenshownthisyear 6 itwasnotuntil1979whenhegothappilybacktowork 7 atthattimesomethingunexpectedhappenedtohisfamily thismadeitnecessaryforhimtostopschoolandworkinsociety 8 idecidedtowritechaplin oneofhisfilmsihadseensevenyearsbefore whose which that have 1 thenumberofpassengerskilledintheaccidentweresurprising 2 noteverystudentinalltheclassesknowtheimportanceofmasteringtheenglishlanguage 3 allthroughhislifeeinsteinbelievedfightingandkillinginwarwerewrong 4 goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyareagoodhabit was knows was is 错误类型例析 11 主谓一致错误 谓语动词的人称和数与主语不一致 5 althoughmanyofthehousesinthesmalltownarestillinneedofrepair therehavebeenmuchimprovementintheirappearances 6 thefirsttwoquestionsinthetestpaperweredifficult buttherestwaseasy 7 nickislookingforanotherjobbecausenothinghedoessatisfyhisboss 8 anyonecanborrowbooksanditcostnothingtoborrowthem has were satisfies costs 1 itdidn tmatterthatiwouldwinornot 2 ifyouhearsomethingyoudon tunderstand justlistencalmly anditwillhelpyoutomakeclearthatyoudon tunderstand 3 littleisknownabouthischildhoodexcepthebegantoworkinafactoryattheageoften whether what that 错误类型例析 12 名词性从句错误 主要是连接词的多余 遗漏和误用 5 whattheoldman ssonwantedtoknowiswhythegoldhadbeenhidden 6 whatmodernscienceandtechnologyhelpsthesocietyprogressisafactacceptedbymostpeople 7 whatthedoctorreallydoubtsisthatmymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousillness 8 you reresponsibletowhomeverisinchargeofsales that where whether whoever 1 helookedatthechildrenplayingunderthetreeandfeelingverypleased 2 playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowtallandstrongbutalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit 3 ikeepabakeryopennottodobusinessbutmakesuretheshopissafe felt gives to 错误类型例析 13 平行结构错误 在表达相同的概念是要使用相同的语法结构 即动词与动词想配 其时态及其他变化形式要一致 形容词与形容词相配 分词与分词相配 短语与短语相配等 平行结构常借助于连词and or but 以及连词词组notonly butalso not but either or aswellas ratherthan等 6 thefirstthingshecoulddowasgouptohertrainerandthankedherforallthehelpshehadgivenher 7 charlesandlindamansondoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuildings 8 itoldfather mother sister allmyfriendswhatatimeihad thank climbing and 错误类型例析 14 词语误用 主要是对英语中的同义词 近义词辨认不清而造成的错误 1 theteachersawabrokencupandtriedtofindwhohadbrokenit 2 itmakesyougoodtolieinthesunshineorswiminthesea 3 shefixedalltheradiosbesidesthesmallestone becausetherewerenopartsforit 4 fromthefactwecansaywho srightandwho swrong