高考英语阅读理解题型及技巧课件.ppt

阅读理解题型及技巧 一 细节理解题 1 直接事实题 2 间接事实题 先阅读题干 确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围 然后利用略读的手法找出出处 需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断 manyamericanpresidentsinthe19thcenturywereborninpoorfamilies theyspenttheirchildrenhoodinlittlewoodenrooms theygotlittleeducation washingtonandlincoln forexample neverwenttoschoolandtheytaughtthemselves lincolnoncedidjobsofaworker shop keeperandpostofficerinhisearlyyears alargenumberofu spresidentshadexperiencesinthearmy thetwobestknownwereulyssesgrantanddwightd eisenhower grantwasageneralintheamericancivilwarandeisenhowerwasaherointhesecondworldwar ithappenedthattheygraduatedfromthesameschool westpointmilitaryacademy 西点军校 1 q presidenteisenhowerbecamewell known a whilestudyinginwestpointmilitaryacademyb duringtheamericancivilwarc afterhewaselectedpresidentoftheu s d duringworldwarii eisenhowerwasaherointhesecondworldwar invitedbymr yehuixian hostofthewellreceivedtvprogramme starstonight missluolin missasiaof1991 appearedastheguesthostessontheshanghaitvscreenlastsunday borninshanghaiandtakentohongkongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold luolinhasneverdreamedofbeingmissasia herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess beforeshetookpartinthecompetition shehadbeenanairhostessincathayairlineforsevenyears 2 however itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage dancing singing making upandotherpropermanners designedbytheasiatvstation it sreallyahardjobforme iwon tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore anyhow iamquitelucky iamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceiwonthetitle thistime inshanghai i dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmytvaudience saidluolinwithasweetsmile q whichofthefollowingisnottrue a luolinisanativeofshanghai b luolinmovedtohongkongwithherparents c luolinwonthetitleofmissasiain1991 d asiatvstationhelpedluolintobecomemissasia missasiaof1991 borninshanghai designedbytheasiatvstation 二 主旨判断题 题干形式 1 whatdoesthewritermainlytellus 2 whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext 3 whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea 4 whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext 5 thebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticleis 技巧 剔除细节或论据 找到各段的主题句 topicsentence 范围一般包括 短文标题 主题 title 大意或段落大意 mainidea kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal suchapersonisnotreallyathief theyaresickandcannothelpthemselves allsmallchildrenactnaturallyandastheygrowuptheynormallylearntocontroltheiractions peoplewithkleptomaniaforcertainmedicalreasonshavefailedtodevelopcontrolovertheirdesiretotakethingsthatdonotbelongtothem withmedicalhelptheymaybecomenormalcitizensagain theythingsthatakleptomaniacstealsareseldomofgreatvalue theyoftengiveawaywhattheyhavestolenorcollectobjectswithoutusingthem 3 q whatisthetopicofthetext a youngthieves b anunusualillness c reasonsforstealingd anormalchild sactions topicsentence kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal boston thievesdressedaspoliceenteredamuseumearlysundayandstole11paintings includingmajorworksbyrembrandt dagas manetandvermerr fbi 美国联邦调查局 andthemuseumofficialssaid thefirstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast 100millionontheworksstolenfromtheisabellagardenermuseum saidbostonpolicespokes manjimtordan williambobinson ofhardvardunivercity sfoggelmuseum calledtheobjectsstolen majorworks 4 q whatisthebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticle a athefttookplaceinbostonb artworksstolenbythievesc majorworksd investigationintothetheft topicsentence thievesdressedaspoliceenteredamuseumearlysundayandstole11paintings youdreameachnight eventhoughyoumaynotrememberyourdreams whileyoudreamyoureyesmoveandyourheartbeatsfaster evenyourbrain wavepatternchanges somescientiststhinkthatdreamingisimportantforthesakeofhealth theyclaimthatwithoutdream peoplewouldgocrazy 5 q whatdoesthepassagemainlytells a howpeoplestayhealthyb howsleepisnecessaryc whydreamsareimportantd whenpeopleremembertheirdreams topicsentence somescientiststhinkthatdreamingisimportantforthesakeofhealth readingisthekeytoschoolsuccessand likeanyskillittakespractice achildlearnstowalkbypracticinguntilhenolongerhastothinkabouthowtoputonefootinfrontoftheother agreatathletepracticesuntilhecanplayquickly accurately 精确 withoutthinking tennisplayerscallthat being inthezone educatorscallit automaticity 自动 6 q thefirstparagraphtellsus a whatautomaticityisb howaccuracyisacquired 获得 c howachildlearnstowalkd howanathleteistrained topicsentence educatorscallit automaticity inamericawehavehalloween inmexicotheyhavetodossantos whichmeans allsaints thisisthedayinwhichpeoplerememberfamilyandfriendswhohavedied theyvisitthecemeteryinsteadofgoingouttotrick or treat buttheydohavepicturesofskeletonsandghostshangingaround theyalsohavemanycandyskullstoeat 7 q whatdoesthestorymainlytells a whatholidaysarelikeb whathalloweenislikeinmexicoc whathappensduringtodossantosd whatwedoonhalloween 三 推理判断题 题干形式 1 itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat 2 fromthetextweknowthat 3 thestoryimpliesthat 4 theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe 5 thewritersattitudetoward is 技巧 找出作者所陈述的细节 事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语 进行符合逻辑的推理 注意 不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节 onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches 蟑螂 andtwospiders 蜘蛛 whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor theshopassistantwasverysurprised well repliedtheman i mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatishouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasifoundit 8 q thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment itwas a veryclean b justcleanedbythelandlord c tidyandcomfortable d dirtyandfullofinsects somepeopleareneverright theyneverhavegoodluck theyusuallydothewrongthingandsaythewrongthing andevenifwha