高中英语语法虚拟语气课件人教版必修五.ppt

1 虚拟语气 subjunctivemood 2 虚拟语气用来表示所说的不是事实 或者是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议或是与事实相反的假设 虚拟语气通常用在下列情况 一 用于虚拟条件句中1 其主从句的谓语动词形式如下表 虚拟语气 3 1 did2 be动词用were should would could might do should would could might do should would could might have done 1 did were2 should could 动动词原形3 weretodo had done 4 1 ifeveryoneinthecountry know firstaid manylives save 与现在事实相反 2 ifthehurricane happen duringtheday time there be moredeaths 与过去事实相反 3 ifit rain tomorrow we notgo out 与将来事实相反 knew wouldbesaved hadhappened wouldhavebeen weretorain shouldnotgo 5 2 虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句中有动词were had should时可将if省去 而将were had should提到主语之前 形成省略倒装 1 ittoraintomorrow weshouldnotgoout 2 itnotrainedyesterday hewouldhavecometotheparty 3 therebeaflood whatshouldwedo were had should 6 3 有时假设情况是通过一个介词短语来表示用without butfor or orelse代替if从句 without butforhishelp wewouldn thavemadesuchgreatprogress ifhishelp wewouldn thavemadesuchgreatprogress therehadn tbeenwehadn tgotithadnotbeenfor 7 4 混合时间条件句与主句条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后 应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的形式 1 ifthey study hard theycould do iteasilynow 如果他们以前努力学习的话 现在干的就会容易些 2 ifhe take myadvice hewouldn t itmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 hadstudied do hadnottaken do 5 省略虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句情况1 ifonlyhecouldcome 要是他能来就好了2 sheshouldhavecometotheparty 她应该来参加聚会 3 ifhehadmuchmoremoney 如果他有更多的钱就能 6 句型ifitwerenotfor wereitnotfor ifithadn tbeenfor haditnotbeenfor 要不是 如果不是 1 ifithadn tbeenforthedeterminedcaptain allthepassengersonboardwouldn thavebeensaved 2 ifitwerenotforhisrichparents hecouldn tlivesoeasyalife 二 用于宾语从句中 1 用在表命令 建议 要求等动词后的宾语从句中动词为suggest demandrequest desire order propose insist advise等 宾语从句中用谓语用 should do be iinsistedhe go toseeadoctor butheinsistednothing be wrongwithhim 2 isuggestthatwe ameetingnextweek 3 herpalefacesuggeststhatshe be ill should go was should hold is 表示现在的愿望 主语 did表示过去的愿望 主语 had done表示将来的愿望 主语 would could do1 iwishi be abirdand fly freely 2 iwishi thatfilmstaryesterday3 howiwishwestudents have morefreetimetorelaxourselves were couldfly hadmet had 2 用在表愿望的动词wish和短语wouldrather后的宾语从句中 12 4 iwouldratheryou remain herenow 5 i dratheryou do thatyesterday remained hadn tdone 1 用在表被命令 被建议 被要求等动词和一些形容词后的主语从句中 it是形式主语 用在itisdesired ordered decided requested suggested proposed necessary important natural等之后的主语从句中 其谓语动词形式为 should do1 it srequestedthattheplay put onagain 2 it snecessarythathe send thereatonce 三 用于主语从句中 should beput should besent 2 用在表惊讶 出乎意料等分词动词或些形容词后的主语从句中 it是形式主语 用在it sstrange apity ashame nowonder surprising等之后的主语从句中 其谓语动词形式为should do should表示 竟然 不可省1 it sapitythatshe miss thechancetogoabroad 2 it sstrangethathe notpass theexam shouldmiss shouldn tpass 3 句型it s about high time that 该是 的时候了主语从句中谓语动词要用过去式或用should do should不可省略 it stimeweshouldhavebreakfast itisabouttimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed it shightimethatwedidsomethingtoimproveourenvironment 四 用于表语从和同位语从句中 用在suggestion order advice demand proposal request requirement等之后的表语从句和同位语从句中 其谓语动词形式为 should do hissuggestionisthattheybesenttothepoorareaatonce 2 hegivestheorderthatweshouldrememberallthegrammar 表语从句 同位语从句 1 表现在用did或were 2 表过去用haddone1 themanspeaksasifhe be aforeigner 2 theytalkedasifthey be goodfriendsforyears 3 evenifhe be here hecouldnotsolvetheproblem 五 用于asif asthough引导的状语从句中 were hadbeen were evenif eventhough 注 asif as