高中英语]非谓语动词格式化结构课件.ppt

非谓语动词格式化结构 浙江东阳黎明高考补习学校谢宗国 同学们 我们知道 平时在解答非谓语这类题目时 我们一般采用找非谓语动词与句子相关成分的逻辑关系和非谓语动词动作与谓语动词动作发生的先后的方法来解决 1 peterreceivedaletterjustnow hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon a saidb saysc sayingd tosay c saying分词短语作aletter的定语 两者之间是主谓的逻辑关系 2 ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness a tomakeb tobemadec makingd beingmade b ittook todo为固定句式 不定式作主语 makeaconnection中make与connection之间是动宾的逻辑关系 ittookalongtimeforustomaketheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness 但在我们学习的过程中 不难发现有些题目用找逻辑主语的方法解决不了问题 有些时候 非谓语形成了一些固定格式 这就是这节课我们要探讨的问题 非谓语动词格式化结构 一 get 过去分词 结构 表被动 get be 1 havingbeencaughtcheatingintheexam hegotpunished 2 thosewhotakeupskilledlaborcangethigher a paysb payingc paidd payed c 常见用在这一结构的过去分词有 getlost paid separated damaged punished caught changed charged dressed hurt burnt killed等等 3 becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet ifnot youmay runoverbyacar a haveb getc becomed turn b 4 youknowheisnotgoingtoletusleaveearlyiftheworkcan t done a gotb begotc havegotd begetting 5 inatimeofsocialreform people sstateofmindshouldbegot pacewiththerapidchangesofsociety a keptb tokeepc tobekeptd keeping b 本题是getsth done结构 即ifwecan tgettheworkdone 本题为getsb sth todo结构 即peopleshouldgettheirstateofmindtokeeppacewiththerapidchangesofsociety b 总结 getdone 与句子主语是被动关系 getsb sth done done作宾补 与宾语是被动关系 getsb sth doing doing作宾补 与宾语是主动关系 getsb todo 叫 去做 未发生动作 二 在 be 状态动词的过去分词 介词 中 过去分词形容词化 没有动作意义 说明主语存在的状态 只有done形式 如 beburiedin belostin beknownas becoveredwith becrowdedwith等等 1 hespentthewholeday inhisstudy a lockingb beinglockedc lockedd tolock c 不能与spendsb timeindoingsth 结构 花时间去做 事 混淆 2 withsomuchtrouble wefailedtocompletethetaskontime a facedb facec facingd havingfaced 3 hewaswatchingacartoon completely totheoutsideworld a havingbeenlostb losingc tobelostd lost a d belostto 感觉不到 不是某人的了 无法得到 了 例 thechancewaslosttohim 他已经没有机会了 4 tohersonalltheseyears shehasnomomenttorestfor hisenergiestobeingcrazyaboutgoingon lineatcollege hecan tfindajob a tobedevotedb devotingc devotedd havingdevoted c d 5 justanhour sridefrombeijing thesmalltownisaparadise 乐园 fortouristsathomeandabroad thetowerinawildpark theymadeitaparadisefortouristsathomeandabroad a locatingb havinglocatedc locatedd tobelocated c b 三 状语从句中省略与非谓语形式 when while unless todo tobedon 动作未发性 if though asif doing 与主语之间是主动关系 nomaterhow done 与主语之间是被动关系 1 when differentcultures weoftenpayattentiontothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities a comparedb beingcomparedc comparingd havingcompared2 when help oneoftensays thankyou or it skindofyou a offeringb toofferc tobeofferedd offered c d 3 themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif whetherhewasgoingtotherightdirection a seeingb havingseenc tohaveseend tosee4 weallknowthat thesituationwillgetworse a ifdealtnotcarefullywithb ifonlydealingcarefullywithc ifnotdealtcarefullywithd onlyifdealingcarefullywith d c 5 whenwatchingtv a thedoorbellrangb thedoorbellringsc weheardthedoorbellringd weheardthedoorbellrings6 heglancedaboutasif something a searchingb searedc isinsearchofd insearchof c d searchsb sp searchforsth asif hewas insearchof 7 theideaforthemachinecametomrbaker tohisinventionrecently a whiledevotedb whiledevotinghimselfc whilehewasdevotedd whiledevoting8 what sthetroublewithyou theheavysuitcase mywaistwashurtunexpected a whilecarryingb carriedc carryingdwhileiwascarrying c d 四 with without 名词 代词 分词等 todo tobedonewith without 名词 代词 doing beingdonedone todo tobedone表示未发性动作 doing being表示动作正在进行 donedone表示完成被动 johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner andwithhiswork hegladlyacceptedit 2007年安徽 johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner butwithhiswork hecouldn tacceptit a finishedb finishingc havingfinishedd tofinish a d 3 comeon pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject sorry withsomuchwork mymind ialmostbreakdown a filledb fillingc tofilld beingfilled4 withmoretrees hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear a destroyingb tobedestroyedc havingdestroyedd beingdestroyed5 withouttheteacher us noneofustriedourbestintherunning a totimeb timingc timed timed b d b 五 常见作状语的独立成分 generally honestly frankly strictly exactlyspeaking judgingfrom by concerning 关于 有关 considering 就 而论 照 看来 supposing 万一 假定 allowingfor 考虑到 seeingthat 由于 因为 speakingof talkingabout taking intoconsideration totellthetruth tobefrank honest tomakethings mattersworse tobeginwith tobebrief tosaynothingof 更不用说 toconclude 总之 最后 1 hedidpoorlyinhisexamination consideringhowhar