周俊梅县教学设计9AGrammar.docx

9A Unit 8 Detective Stories Grammar 教学设计9A Unit8 Detective Stories Period 4Topic Grammar如东县实验中学 周俊梅一.Teaching aims Knowledge： To understand the definitions as well as the usages of the following words and phrases: 1.words: couple; boss; probably; *fingerprint; *criminal; *female; *commit; 2.phrases: turn out (that); have nothing to do with; be in a hurry; the elderly couple, require sb to do; check every tiny detail for possible clues, a master at solving crimes, be popular among teenager, be considered the queen of crime novels Abilities： By the end of the lesson the students will be able to 1. understand the definitions as well as the structures of the defining relative clause. 2. choose the proper relative pronouns for the defining relative clause二. Teaching importance and difficulty 1. The differences between the relative pronouns used to introduce the relative clauses2. How to choose the proper relative pronouns according the antecedent三.Teaching methodTask-based teaching approach四.Teaching aidsInteractive electronic whiteboard.五.Teaching procedures Step 1:Lead in1. Present some new words with pictures2. Give an example to the students and announce the task 把门外的小孩叫进来。（小孩很多，不知叫谁进来。） 把门外(穿白色运动鞋的)小孩叫进来。（限定了，便明确了叫谁进来了）Step2: Introduction 1. Try to recollect what a detective does.A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important. defining relative clause(限制性定语从句) 2. Read the definition of a defining relative clause in A on P112A defining relative clause (限定性定语从句) describes the noun before it. We cannot take it out of a sentence because it contains important information. We can use who, which or that in defining relative clauses. relative pronouns 3. Read the examples of defining relative clauses chosen from the text as well as the explanation for the relative pronouns. 1) We are asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night to contact us . .先行词 关系代词 我们正在请（昨天晚上在五谷街附近看到任何不寻常情况的）人联系我们。 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词(antecedent），通常位于定语从句之前；关系词： 引导定语从句的词是关系代词(relative pronoun)，它既起连接作用又充当句子的成分；含定语从句复合句的基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句 关系代词起着代词和连词的作用。上述例句中关系代词who在定语从句中既代替先行词anyone 在句子里担当主语(该定语从句应为anyone saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night)又起着连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。 2) We are now checking the scene for more clues which will help solve the case. 先行词 关系代词 我们正在勘查现场寻找更多（有助于破案的）线索。此处，关系代词which代替先行词 clues在句中担当主语(该定语从句应为Clues will help solve the case）。 3）The victims parents have offered a reward of 50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.先行词 关系代词 受害人的父母拿出五万元人民币作为奖励，（征求能够导致凶手被捕的）任何信息。 此处，关系代词that代替先行词information在句中担当主语(该定语从句应为information leads to the arrest of the murder.)【设计意图：通过熟悉的句子，便于学生更易理解定语从句的基本概念】 4. Underline the defining relative clauses in more about the murder on P112 （屏幕捕获教学光盘内容） 【设计意图：及时运用理论指导实践，检查是否真正掌握定语从句的基本概念。】Step 3 :Explanation for relative pronouns 1. Try to read the form about the differences between who, which and that on P113Try to make a summary according the form.Tip: 关系代词的使用取决于先行词。因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以一般情况下，关系代词跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词保持一致。e.g. The boy that/who is standing there is my student. The boys that/who are standing there are from Class 14.关系代词that, which, who所代替的先行词可以是单数，也可以是复数，但它们本身无单数、复数的变化。如果它们在定语从句中做主语，那么从句中谓语动词的数要与先行词的数保持一致。 2. Choose the proper relative pronouns for different defining relative pronouns Task 1: 辨别出先行词 e.g. So far, the only suspect is a short, thin man who was seen running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. Last night. 这句中的先行词是a short, thin man，是人，所以关系代词可以是 who或者that Task 2 :要确定关系代词（即先行词)在定语从句中所担当的成分 在上述例句中，who在从句中担当主语(如果担当宾语，用whom) Task 3 : 要确定关系代词的人称和数 在上述例句中先行词a short, thin man是第三人称单数，所以从句中的关系代词who代表的是第三人称单数，根据从句中的时态，动词用was【设计意图：通过熟悉的例句解释说明关系代词的人称和数的运用】 3. Finish the exercises in B Relative pronouns on P113, 114 to consolidate the usage of the grammatical rules （屏幕捕获教学光盘内容）【设计意图：及时操练巩固所学内容】Step 4: Further explanation for the relative pronouns【设计意图：合理拓展教学资源】A. the usage of who/whomwho可以代替人(即它的先行词必须是人), 在从句中可以担任主语,往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom, 但它的前面不能有介词,如果带有介词则必须用宾格的whom, 即:介词+whome.g. 她就是我在图书馆见到的那位同学。 She is the student whom/who I met in the library. 她就是那个和我一起去图书馆的学生。 She is the girl with whom I went to the library.who与that都可用于指人， 在许多情况下可以通用，但有时候宜用who,不用that。1）先行词是one, ones, anyone, those 时e.g. 那些不习惯当地食物的人不会进那家餐馆。 Those who dont like local food wont go to that restaurant.2) 先行词后有较长的后置定语时，关系代词用whoe.g. 昨晚在街上我遇到一位用中文向我问路的美国人。 I met an American in the street yesterday who asked me the way in Chinese.3) 一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个应该用whoe.g. 昨晚你在音乐会上见到的男孩是我那擅长钢琴演奏的堂兄。 The boy that you saw in the concert last night is my cousin who is good at playing the piano.4) 在there be 开头的句中，关系代词用whoe.g. 这儿有一位想要见Mike的老人。 There is an old man who wants to see Mike. B. The usage of which在限定性定语从句中，which和that在代物时常常能够通用，但有时只能用which不能用that。1) 关系代词前有介词时，只能用which。e.g. 这是你将入住的宾馆。 This is the hotel in which you will stay.= This is the hotel (which/that) you will stay in.2) 有两个定语从句时，其中一句的关系词是that, 另一句用whiche.g. 让我向你展示一下这条从上周向公众开放的购物商场买来的裙子。Let me show you the dress that I bought from the shopping mall which was open to the public last week.C. The usage of that在限定性定语从句中，which和that 代替物时，或者who和that 代替人时一般可以通用。以下情况，只宜用that, 不能用which或who。1) 先行词是形容词最高级，或者先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时e.g. 这是保护森林的最好办法。 This is the best way that protects the forests.2) 先行词是序数词，或者先行词前有一个序数词修饰时e.g. 他是第一个/最后一个走进教室的学生。 He is the first/ last student that came into the classroom.3) 主句中已经who或which时e.g. 你丢失的自行车是哪一辆？ Which is the bike that you lost?4) 先行词即有人又有物时e.g. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?5) 先行词是all, much , little , something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时e.g. 我们没有多少能像你提供的东西。 We dont have much that we can offer you. 6) 先行词前面有only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the same, the very等词修饰时e.g. 我们唯一能做的就是给你一些钱。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Step 5: Language pointsA:Phrases1. 结果是，证明是 turn out (that)2. 与-毫无关联 have nothing to do with3. 匆忙，赶紧 in a hurry4. 这对年长的夫妇 the elderly couple5. 要求某人去做某事 require sb to do something6. 检查每个微小细节以获取可能的线索 check every tiny detail for possible clues7. 破案能手 a master at solving crimes8. 受青少年欢迎 be popular among teenagers9. 被视为犯罪小说女王 be considered the queen of crime novels 【设计意图：让学生小组合作，自主学习，找出短语并熟记】 B: Important sentences1. The elderly couple were very sad to hear that their only son was murdered. a. couple n. 夫妇，一对 e.g. 一对年轻的/年长的夫妇a young/ an elderly coupleb. a couple of(同种类东西的)两个 一双袜子 a couple of socks; 2.There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder. probably adv.很可能,可能性很大，是most likely的意思，程度强于perhaps, maybe e.g. 1) 这很有可能是当下美国最流行的歌曲。 It is probably the most popular song in America now.3. Japanese writers have written some great stories which requires readers to check every tiny detail for possible clues to the criminal cases. a. require sb to do sth 需要某人去做某事，被动结构 sb be required to do sthe.g. 这项工作需要我们团结合作。 The task requires us to work together. 学生们需要准时上交作业。 The students are required to hand in their homework in time. b. *criminal adj. 犯罪的，犯法的 e.g. 犯罪行为 criminal behavior 拓展: n. 罪犯4. Sherlock Homes is a character who was created by Arthur Conan Doyle as a master at solving crimes. a. a master of sth 能手；擅长-者 b. solve crimes 破案5. Agatha Christie was a female writer who is considered the queen of crime novels. a.*female adj. 女的，雌性的 e.g. 一个女学生 a female student 一只雌猫 a female catb.consider sb /sth (as) sth 认为 e.g.许多人认为成龙是个超级影星。 Jackie Chan is considered by many people as a superstar.6. The victim wanted to report the crime which his boss had committed to the police. *commit v. 做出错或者非法的事 e.g. 犯谋杀罪 commit murder 许多罪行都是年轻人犯的。 Many crimes are committed by young men. 7. It turned out that he had nothing to do with this case. a. turn out 证明是，结果是 1) 该短语后接that引导的从句 e.g. 原来他是我父亲的朋友。 It turned out that he is a friend of my father. 2) 该短语后接动词不定式 e.g. (事实证明）这项工作比我们料想得要困难. The job turned out to be harder than we thought. 练习1) 原来她是来拜访我外婆的。 It turned out that she came to visit my grandmother. 2) 来我们公司的这位工程师原来是个间谍。 The engineer who came to our company turned out to be a spy b. be/have nothing to do with sb 与-毫不相干，与-无关 e.g. 1) 这根本不关你的事。 Its nothing to do with you(=You have no right to know that) 2) 这与我们现在所讨论的问题毫不相干。 That has nothing to do with what we are discussing.8. He was in a hurry to catch a bus! hurry n. 匆忙，急忙 e.g. 不要急，不必要赶时间 Take your time, theres no hurry. 拓展：1) 迅速，赶快 in a hurry e.g. 他不得不赶紧离开。 He had to leave in a hurry. 2) in a hurry to do sth 急于做某事 e.g. Lily恨不得一下子就长大。 Lily is in such a hurry to grow up. 练习：1) 他匆忙结束了他的演讲。 e.g. He finished his speech in a hurry 2) Sam急于去看医生。 e.g. Sam was in a hurry to see a doctor.Step 6: Exercises根据词义和语境填写正确的单词1. The newly married couple (夫妇) were found dead in their own house.2. The police didnt find any fingerprints (指纹) left at the scene of the crime by the murderer.根据语境，填入正确的词形1. The police believe that their neighbor who was once put into prison for 5 years committed (commit) the crime.2. The murderer was a female (male) mechanic.3. It took the police 2 weeks to solve the criminal (crime) case. 翻译句子1. 由于杀人犯非常狡猾，这要求侦探仔细检查每个微小细节以获取案件的可能线索。 As the murderer was very cunning, it required the detective to check every tiny detail for possible clues to the case.2. 这起案件被视为本年度最难侦破的案件。 The case was considered as the most difficult case to solve.3. 警方已经在这起谋杀案中取得一些进展。 The police has made some progress in this murder case.4. 经证明，先前的嫌疑犯与这起案件无关