英语人教版九年级全册宾语从句及感叹句.ppt

MainlyRevision ObjectClauses 宾语从句 一 教学任务复习宾语从句二 教学重点1 宾语从句的概念2 宾语从句的引导词3 宾语从句中的语序4 宾语从句的时态变化5 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 教学难点1 if与whether的区别2 when与if引导的宾语从句和状语从句3 宾语从句与简单句的互换 Weknowhim WeknowhelikesEnglish 主s 主s 谓v 谓v 宾o 宾o 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语 简单句 复合句 一什么是宾语从句 试比较 DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut 宇航员 Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun Pleasetellmewhereshehasgone Idon tknowifhewillcometonight Let sfindoutwhat sontonight FindouttheObjectClauses WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld 2 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份 e g 1 Doyouknowwhosebookitis 谁的 作定语 2 Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate 为什么 作状语 3 Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion 谁 作主语 注 that在句中无词义 在从句中不能充当句子成分 在口语中往往被省略 e g Ihear that hewillbebackinanhour 1 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 二 宾语从句的引导词 3 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 e g Iwanttoknowif whethersheisright Theydidn tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot if whether引导宾语从句表示 是否 之义 在句中不充当句子成份 if whether可互换 但whether ornot为固定搭配 看一看 Idon tknowifitwillraintomorrow Ifitrains I llstayathome Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback Whenhecomesback pleasetellme 想一想 when和if可以引导什么从句 它们的时态有什么特点 when和if既可以引导宾语从句 也可以引导状语从句 在宾语从句中 时态根据需要确定 在状语从句中 遵循主将从现的原则 If与whether的区别 Idon tknow hewillcomeornot Idon tcareof heishandsome Hewondered tostayherethenextweek hewillcomeisnotdecided 与ornot连用只能用whether 介词后只能用whether 与todo不定式连用只能用whether 作主语只能用whether HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime 三 宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句 宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序 即是 主语在前 谓语在后 的顺序 改一改 将下列问句变成陈述句 1 Canheswim swim 2 Doeshehaveapen apen 3 Whichplacedidhegoto Whichplace 4 What swrongwithyou 5 Whathappenedtoyou 6 Whichisthewaytothestation 想一想为什么4 5 6语序不变 Hecan Hehas hewentto Whathappenedtoyou What swrongwithyou 说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后 变成一个宾语从句 Whichisthewaytothestation Canyoutellme Iwanttoknow Iwonder Pleasetellme e g Canyoutellmeif whetherhecanswim 四 宾语从句中时态的变化 填一填 was is willcook issinging hasbeen wasplaying hadlearned 1 当主句是一般现在时 宾语从句的时态不作限制 我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态 需要性原则 2 当主句是一般过去时的时候 宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态 从而达到主句和从句的相互一致 呼应性原则 1 HewillgotoHongKong 2 Heissick 3 Heisreadingabook 4 Hehasfinishedhiswork 1 HetoHongKong 2 Hesick 3 Heabook 4 He 辨一辨 wouldgo was wasreading hiswork hadfinished 确定从句的时态 根据主句时态 主句时态 从句时态 连接前 连接后 一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 3 当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时 就不用受到主句时态的限制 仍是用一般现在时态 特殊性原则 Hetoldme that SummerisafterSpring Iwastold that thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon Myparentstoldme that nonewsisgoodnews 比一比 比一比Idon tknowwhereIshouldgo TellmehowIcandoit Idon tknowwheretogo Tellmehowtodoit 你有什么发现 结论 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词 todo的简单句 条件 1 主主从主 2 主 间 宾从主练一练1 Idon tknowwhatIshalldonext 变为简单句 Idon tknownext 2 Johndidn tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy 变为简单句 Johndidn tdecide 3 Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop 变为复合句 Canyoutellmethebusstop 4 PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5 变为复合句 CanyoutellLucytheMP5 五 宾语从句与简单句的转换 Whattodo whichbooktobuy howIcangetto howshecanuse Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem 1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive 2SheknewthatDannyisastudent 3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn 4Doyouknowwhocaritis was is whose 六 课堂检测 Couldyoutellme A wherethetwinswereB wherethetwinsareCwherearethetwinsA Doyouknow B Yes hecameherebytrain A whenhecamehereB ifhewillcomehereC whyhecamehereD howhecamehere3 ShesayssheEnglishfortenyears A learnedB haslearnedC waslearningD havelearned4 Theteachertoldusthattheearthround A wasB isC willbeD wouldbe5 Tellme A whatwrongiswithhimB what swrongtohimC whatthematteriswithhimD what sthematterwithhim6 Myfriendaskedme A whoisthegirlB whothegirlwasC whowasthegirlD whothegirl Choosetherightanswers B D B B D B 宾语从句三要素 that 陈述句 if whether 一般疑问句 特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句 主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态 语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序 特例 客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变 七 本课小结 不同引导词引导的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不能充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 e g Ihear that 一小时后他会回来 Hesaid that 他非常想念我们 Theteachertoldus that 地球围着太阳转 hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmovesaroundthesun 由连接代词what whom whose which what及连接副词when where how why引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 e g 1 Iwanttoknow 他是否跟我们一起去公园 2 Askhim 他是否能来 3 Idon tknow 是否要下雨 if whether hewillgototheparkwithus whether if hecancome whetheritisgoingtorainornot 当句末为ornot时 引导词只能用whether而不能用if 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 陈述句变为引导的宾语从句 e g 1 Hesaid YouareyoungerthanI 2 Hesays Tomisagoodstudent HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 一般疑问句变为if whether 引导的宾语从句 e g Shesaid Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall heasked Sheaskedif whether Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper Heaskedif whether theywouldgovisittheGreatWall 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 特殊疑问句变为who what when等引导的宾语从句 e g 1 Heasked Wheredoyoulive 2 Howcanwegettothepost office heasked HeaskedwhereIlived Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost office 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 1 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时 宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态 2 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态 但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时 仍然用一般现在时 e g Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun 注意 willbe goes wereplaying hasreturned hadbeen travels aretalking were weredoing Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening Ihearthey return italready Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be Heaskedwhatthey ateightlastnight do Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travel Ithinkyou abouttherelayracenow talk Ididn tknowwhomtheletters from be 10 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 11 MissWangtoldmethattheearth move roundtheearth 12 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 13 LingFengtoldmehe toseveraltimes be 14 Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise 15 Canyoutellmewhatthey yesterday do wrote moves hastaken hasbeen rises did 将下列句子合并为一句 1 Wheredotheys