英语研究生综合教程(上)Unit2 PPT幻灯片.ppt

高等院校研究生英语系列教材 综合教程 上 INTEGRATEDCOURSE 1 2 UNIT2 ARTOFTHETABLE 2 Content StartingoutReadingFocusReadingMorePracticalTranslationFocusedWritingFinalProject 3 Task1Chinesecuisinehasbecomewidespreadinmanypartsoftheworld fromEastAsiatoNorthAmerica AustraliatoWesternEurope RegionalculturaldifferencesvarygreatlyamongthedifferentregionsofChina givingrisetothedifferentstylesoffood Thereareeightmainregionalcuisines Anhui Guangdong Fujian Hunan Jiangsu Shandong SichuanandZhejiang Workinpairstochoosetwodifferentregionalcuisineswithwhichyouarefamiliarfromtheeightalternativesabove Comparethembydiscussingtheingredients preparation flavorsetc P35 What syourfavoritedish Why Howisitprepared Startingout 4 Task2Withtheever wideningopeninguptotheoutsideworld Westernpracticesexertsomeinfluence yettheyhavenotreallychangedtheeatinghabitsoftheChinesepeople P35 Startingout Task2 DoyouthinkglobalizationwillhaveaneffectontraditionalChineseeatinghabits Ifso whyandhow Ifnot whynot 5 Task3Discusswithyourpartnerthefollowingquestions Globalizationiseverywhere Inthefoodindustry weseethatgiantssuchasKFCandMcDonald shaveenteredChinesemarketandestablishedmanyfranchisesinmajorChinesecities P35 DoyouofteneatWesternstylefastfoodinKFCsorMcDonald s Ifyes whatdoyouthinkofthefoodservedthere Ifnot whynot Startingout Task3 6 SomepeopleworrythatthepopularityoftheWesternstylefastfoodamongChinesepeople youngpeopleinparticular willgiverisetoadeclineinthepopularityoftraditionalChinesefood suchas thesteamedbun P35 Doyouagree Whyorwhynot ApartfromAmericanfastfoodandhotelbuffets whatdoyouknowaboutwesterneatinghabits Task3 Startingout Task3 7 Withallthesenewchoices wemustusefoodpyramidguidetomake Thismostimportantgroupismadeupofallfood Butvegetablegroupalsoincludescarrots potatoesandother isrichinprotein vitaminsandmineralsincludingcalcium isthesmallestpart healthyfoodselection madefromwholegrains slightlyedibleplants Dairyfood Thetipofthepyramid Startingout FoodPyramidListencarefullytoanaudioclipaboutfoodpyramidandcompletetheblank fillingexercise 8 CulinaryDelightsinChina ReadingFocus 9 ReadingFocus 10 ListentoadialogueonFoodandRestaurants andcompletethegap fillingexercise 1 Ifyouwantahamburger hotdogorfriedpotato youcangotothose or 2 Butremember ifyouchoosetostaythereenjoyingyourfood youshould afterfinishingthemeal 3 Andifyouwantsomevegetables youcangotothe onthestreet 4 Indinersorcoffeeshops youcanorderfoodofvariouslevelsaccordingto and 5 Finally using aretheeasiestwaytosolveyourfoodproblem Youcanfindanythinginit BackgroundInformation refreshmentstands snackbars paysometips saladbars yourownpreference economicstatus vendingmachines 11 ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Paras 2 5 Paras 6 11 Paras 12 15 Introduction Para 1 12 LocalChinesecuisines Sichuancuisine theuseofChinesepricklyashseedsandotherspiceslikechilipepper ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding deliciousyeteconomical famousforitsspicyandhotfood 13 Guangdongcuisine withits B famousfor C ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding owncharacteristicsthathasexertedafar reachinginfluenceonotherpartsofChinaandtheworld itsseafoodaswellasforitsoriginalityandrefinedcookingprocesses offeringvarioussoups LocalChinesecuisines 14 Zhejiangcuisine A B ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding lightandexquisite withtherefreshingflavorsofnature LocalChinesecuisines 15 Everydishhasastory ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Goubuli A Goubulisteamedbuns B Theywere DongpoMeat A agreatpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty B firstsoldinTianjinabout150yearsago sopopularthattheownerhadnotimetoanswerhiscustomers ThisdishwasnamedafterSuDongpo Herewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce 16 Everydishhasastory ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding BuddhaJumpingovertheWall Thisdishwascreatedinthe B Itisprepared C GatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou Fujian duringthereignofQingEmperorGuangxu withmorethan20mainingredients Apoetwroteapoemforthedish 17 Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Eatinghabitshavenotchanged A Theoldandyoung B Elders C Thehostessorhost D Everyone sitinorderofseniority selectfoodfortheyoungandtheyoungmaketoaststotheelders apportionsthedishestotreatguests takesintoconsiderationtheneedsofthegroup 18 ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Specialfoodforsocialfestivals A B C JiaozifortheSpringFestival YuanxiaofortheLanternFestival ZongziforDuanwuFestival Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood 19 Task2 Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext P43 ReadingFocus DetailedInformation Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C D A B D B B D A B 20 CriticalThinking ReadingFocus 21 1 Everydishhasastory Inthetexttherearethreestoriesaboutnames Goubulisteamedbuns DongpoMeatandBuddhaJumpingovertheWall Tellthestorybehindafamousdishwithwhichyou refamiliar Howabout 过桥米线 ReadingFocus CriticalThinking 22 ReadingFocus CriticalThinking 2 Thenamesofsomedishesaresoeccentricthattheymayconfusepeople bothChineseandforeigners Ifyouonlytranslatethenamesliterallywithnoexplanation youcouldmakeafoolofyourself Doyouagree Provideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthor spoint Howabout 蚂蚁上树 23 ReadingFocus CriticalThinking 3 Somepeoplesaythatyouarewhatyoueat Inthetext theauthorbelievesthatculinarycustomshavehadacertaininfluenceonthecharacteroftheChinesepeople Doyouagreeornot Drawonyourpersonalexperienceorcomeupwithfactstosupportyouropinion 24 ReadingFocus CriticalThinking 4 NowmoreandmoreChinesealsocelebrateWesternfestivals WiththepopularityofWesternfestivalsinChina DoyouthinkthatChinesepeoplewillbelessconcernedaboutwhatfoodtheyeatatfestivals Backupyouropinionwithexamples 25 1 Sichuan knownasNature sStorehouse isalsoastorehouseofcuisine Here eachandeveryrestaurantprovidesdeliciousyeteconomicalculinaryfare Para 3 fare n 1 food especiallyfoodservedinarestaurantoreatenonaspecialoccasione g traditionalChristmasfare2 thepriceyoupaytotravelsomewherebybus train planeetc e g Airfareshaveshotupby20 ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 26 2 GuangdongProvinceislocatedinsouthernChina withamoderateclimateandabundantproduceallyearround Para 4 moderate adj neitherverybignorverysmall veryhotnorverycold veryfastnorveryslowetc中等的 适度的moderateexercise适度的运动amoderateincome过得去的收入havemoderatesuccess大致还算成功atamoderatespeed以适中的速度 produce usedasanoun meansfoodorotherthingsthathavebeengrownorproducedonafarmtobesolde g freshlocalproduce新鲜特产dairyproduce奶产品 ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 27 3 Zhejiangcuisineislightandexquisite andistypicaloffoodfromalongthelowerYangtzeRiver Para 5 light adj foodoralchholicdrinkthatislighteitherdoesnothaveastrongflavororiseasytodigeste g 1 Wehadalightwhitewinewiththefish 2 alight refreshingdessertexquisite adj extremelybeautifulanddelicate精致的 精美的e g anexquisitehand paintedvase精致的手绘花瓶 ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 28 4 BuddhaJumpingovertheWallwascreatedinarestaurantcalledGatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou Fujian duringthereignoftheQingEmperor Guangxu 1875 1908 Para 11 reign n theperiodoftimeduringwhichsomeoneiskingorqueene g changesthattookplaceduringhisreignreign v toruleanationorgroupofnationsastheirking queen oremperore g GeorgeVIreignedfrom1936to1952 ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 29 5 Theeldersselectfoodfortheyoungwhiletheyoungmaketoaststotheelders Para 12 Ifyoumakeatoasttosomeone youdrinksomethinginordertothankthem wishthemlucketc e g I dliketomakeatoasttothebrideandgroom ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 30 6 InChina foodeatenduringfestivalsisparticularlyimportant Atdifferentfestivals peoplepartakeofdifferentfare Para 15 partakeof toeatordrinksomethingthatisofferedtoyoue g 1 Grandmotherlikestopartakeofasmallglassofsherrybeforelunch 2 Willyoupartakeofaglassofwine ReadingFocus LanguagePoint 31 Task1Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentence P46 ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A B B C B A B C A C 32 Task2 1 budA Ablossomdevelopsfroma B Inthispoem the flowermeansyouth 2 accessA Theonly tothatancientcastleisalongamuddytrack B Userscan theirvoicemailremotely 3 tasteA Themedicinehadaslightlybitter B Therewasalotofhardworkbeforewefirst success Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainitsmeaning P47 ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction bud n budding adj access n access v taste n taste v 33 4 foolA Katherinewasnobody s whenitcametomoney B It snogood yourself He snotcomingback 5 produceA Thefactory anincredible100carsperhour B Weselltinnedgoodsandlocal 6 garnishA They theroomwithmodernpaintings B Thechickenwasservedwith ofparsleyandgreenonion 7 reignA TheQueen butdoesnotrule B Theking s lastedfor30years ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction fool n fooling n produces v produces n garnish v garnishes n reigns v reign n 34 8 concernA Environmentalprotectionisagrowing inChina B Helovedhiswife and forherhappiness 9 nameA Thebuildingis afterasuccessfulentrepreneur B CouldIcallyoubyyourfirst 10 practiceA I ve playingthepianoforfiveyears B Itishis totakeawalkafterdinnereveryevening ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction concern n concerned v named v name n practiced v practice n 35 Task3 Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox Changetheformifnecessary ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand CuisineinChinaisaharmonious1 ofcolor taste shapeandfragrance Forthecookingprocess chefspick2 andvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploytheunparalleledandcomplicatedskills3 downfromtheirfathers always4 totheiridealofperfectionforallthesenses Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareboiling stewing braising frying 5 crisping baking simmering integration choice handed aspiring steaming 36 Whentheyfinishtheir6 theyarearrangedonavarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyareareal7 toview tosmellandultimatelytosavor Thefacilityto8 ofthesedelightsisalsodistinctive chopsticks Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchdexterityisquite9 formanyforeigners TheuseoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandchopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodis10 atthetable ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction masterpieces pleasure partake amazing presented masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand 37 ACuisineCrisis ReadingMore 38 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding CriticalThinking LanguagePoints VocabularyinAction 1 2 3 4 39 Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding piledhighingreengrocers creativegeometrics oyster hare venison boar smellandsavor 40 Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding differentandmarketable nutty fruityimpudent Francehaschefswhoareinterestedingoodproducts Francestillhaspeasantagricultureaswellasfactoryfarms 41 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding Manyfruitsandvegetablesontheoutdoormarketareimportedfromforeigncountries Gallictalent tasteandtechniquehavebeenexportedallovertheworldandatthesametime whatismediocre cheapandpopularhasbeenimported 42 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding Moreandmorerestaurateurshavetocopewithredtape nottomentionedictsfromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie The harmonized value addedtaxesbenefitfast foodchainswhilepenalizingsit downrestaurants Strictlaborlawsrestricthiring firingandtemp work Governmentregulations forexample CAP favorquantityoverquality 43 CriticalThinking ReadingMore 44 ReadingMore CriticalThinking Readthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhetheryouagreewiththeauthorornot Workingroupstoprovideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthor spoints 1 GlobalizationispartlyresponsibleforthedeclineofFrenchcuisine 2 Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster 45 1 Meanwhile whatwasmediocreelsewhere albeitcheapandpopular hasbeenimported Para 4 mediocre adj notverygoode g 1 Ithoughtthebookwasprettymediocre 2 He sapersonofmediocreabilities albeit conj although evenif eventhough尽管 即使 纵然e g apeaceful albeitbriefretirement虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 46 2 FromtheNapaValleytotheThamesandTokyo non FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine Para 4 Paraphrase CooksfromotherpartsoftheworldhavelearnedthehighlightsoftheFrenchcuisine crack v tosolveacomplicatedproblem ortofindtheanswertoamystery解决 难题 解开 秘密 e g Detectivesbelievetheycancrackthecase 侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 47 3 TheyhavebecomeensnaredintheredtapeforwhichFranceisinfamous Para 5 ensnare v toentangleorcatchin orasifin ameshnete g Parkrangersfoundthreedeerthathadbecomeensnaredintraps 公园管理员找到了3只被困在陷阱里的鹿 ensnaredintoalovelessrelationship受骗而陷入一种没有爱的关系之中infamous wellknownforsomethingbade g aninfamouscriminal臭名昭著的罪犯 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 48 4 ButtherealparadoxofFrenchcooking inFrance atleast isthatartisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster Para 7 paradox situationorideathatisstrangebecauseithasfeaturesorqualitiesthatyouwouldnotexpecttoexisttogether自相矛盾的情况 似非而是的说法 悖论e g theparadoxofpeoplewiththebestqualificationsnotbeingabletogetjobs高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事spelltrouble disaster dangeretc ifasituationoractionspellstroubleetc itmakesyouexpecttroubleetc e g 1 Thelackofraincouldspelldisasterforfarmers 2 Thesechangesspellruinforthecompany ReadingMore LanguagePoint 49 5 IftheFrenchwereunderthesamefiscalregimeastheUnitedStates we dbeabletocreatetwiceasmanyjobs Para 8 regime n 1 aparticularsystemofgovernmentormanagement especiallyoneyoudisapproveofe g military totalitarian fascistregime brutal oppressive corruptregime2 aparticularsystem usedespeciallywhentalkingaboutaprevioussystem oronethathasjustbeenintroducede g Underthenewregime allsheepandcattlewillberegularlytestedfordisease ReadingMore LanguagePoint 50 6 Manysmallfarmersandrestaurateursseemtobefightingarearguardactionjusttosurvive Para 11 fightingarearguardaction tomakeadeterminedefforttopreventachangethatyouthinkisbad althoughitseemstoolatetostopite g 1 Theyhavebeenfightingarearguardactiontostopasupermarketbeingbuiltontheland 2 Hefoughtastubbornrearguardactionagainstpoliticalreform ReadingMore LanguagePoint 51 7 TheproblemsafflictingFrenchcuisineareemblematicofthosethatplaguetheeconomyasawhole Para 12 plague v tocausecontinualdiscomfort suffering ortroubletosomeonee g 1 Hehasbeenplaguingmewithsillyquestions 2 Financialproblemscontinuedtoplaguethecompany ReadingMore LanguagePoint 52 Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence P56 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A A D B A B C A A B Task1 53 Task2 e g Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster Spell meansindicate signifyinthesentence Englishwordsassumedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthecontext P57 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 54 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 1 Thecongenialquaintnessofthestreetmarket infact drawsdirectlyonglobalization congenial means inthesentence 2 Non FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine crack means inthesentence pleasant understand 55 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 3 AttheannualagriculturalfairinParisthisspring visitorsnotonlyenjoyedsippingwines butoliveoils fair means inthesentence 4 Oliveoils onealittlenutty anotherquitefruity someofthem oneistemptedtosay justalittleimpudent impudent means inthesentence aneventinwhichpeopleorbusinessesshoworselltheirproducts cheeky 56 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 5 Considerthevalue addedtaxesthatwere harmonized alloverEuropeduringthe1990s harmonized means inthesentence 6 Theypenalizesit downrestaurants whetherhumblebistrosorhautecuisine humble means inthesentence unified modestorunpretentious 57 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 7 TheCAPissupposedtobenefitsmallfarmers keepthemonthelandandthusnurturetheterroirthatgivesFrenchcookingitssoul nurture means inthesentence 8 TheproblemsafflictingFrenchcuisineareemblematicofthosethatplaguetheeconomyasawhole afflict means inthesentence plague means inthesentence cherish causepainorsuffer annoy trouble 58 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 9 LikeFrenchcuisine theFrencheconomystillholdstheoccasionalsurprise hold means inthesentence 10 Butthebasicproblemsofbureaucracy taxesandsocialreluctancetochangeremainaburdenforeveryone reluctance means inthesentence have unwillingness 59 PracticalTranslation 60 1 融合法融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句 其中的定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分 由于限制性定语从句与主句关系较紧密 所以 融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句 尤其是therebe结构带有定语从句的句型 定语从句的翻译 2 原句中的主句部分thereisaman翻译成 有人 然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分 1 Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou 楼下有人要见你 61 2 Inourfactory therearemanypeoplewhoaremuchinterestedinthenewinvention 在我们工厂里 许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣 3 BeingOKwithriskissomethingthatindustrydemands 企业要求员工能承受风险 原句中的主句部分therearemanypeople翻译成 许多人 作译文的主语 然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分 与其将从句处理成带 的 的前置定语 接受风险是企业要求的东西 或是后置的分句 承受风险 那是企业要求的 都没有将主从句相融合译得更简洁紧凑 62 2 转换法有些定语从句从形式上看是定语从句 但从意义上分析却具有状语从句的性质和功能 翻译时应分析原文主句和从句之间的逻辑关系 然后译成相应的分句 1 AshardworkingasDogwas hecouldnotkeepupwithdemandsohiscustomersoftenhadtowaitalongtimetobeserved 尽管狗子工作非常努力 可他还是无法满足顾客们的需求 所以他们只能等很长时间 上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的结果状语从句 63 2 Hewouldbearashmanwhoshouldventuretodefyworldpublicopinionandactarbitrarily 如果有人公然反抗世界公众舆论而一意孤行 他定是个鲁莽之徒 3 Imetyourmother whowasdoingshoppingatthesupermarket 你母亲在超市买东西时 我遇见了她 上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的条件状语从句 这里 将英语定语从句译成汉语的时间状语从句 64 4 Heinsistedonbuildinganotherhouse whichhehadnousefor 他坚持要再造一幢房子 尽管他并无此需要 5 Heiscollectingauthenticmaterialthatproveshisargument 为了证明他的论点 他正在收集确凿的材料 6 Icouldnotrecognizeher whohadchangedsomuchinthepast10years 我几乎认不出她了 因为在过去10年中 她变得太多了 这里 将英语定语从句译成汉语的让步状语从句 这里 将英语定语从句译成汉语的目的状语从句 这里 将英语定语从句译成汉语的原因状语从句 65 TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese ParagraphOneThedeclinegoeswellbeyondrecentsurveysthatshowgrowingcomplaintsaboutmediocrequalityandhighprices nosmallconcerninacountrywheretourismegastronomiqueearned18billioneurosin2002 aquarterofalltouristrevenues Moreandmorerestaurateurssaythatgovernmenttaxandeconomicpoliciesarelimitingtheirprofits andtherebyhurtingtheircapacitytoinvestandhiremorestaff TheyhavebecomeensnarredintheredtapeforwhichFranceisinfamous nottomentionedictsfromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie 66