Book11_U1_重点词汇讲解.doc

U1 重点词汇讲解1. reflection reflect: reflect His face was reflected in the mirror. 映出Baseball reflects Americas history 棒球反映出美国的历史。 Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧。reflect on: consider 思考I need some time to reflect on your suggestion.reflection (1) Can you see your reflection in the glass? 镜中的映像(2) consideration深思，考虑At first I disagreed, but on reflection (= after thinking carefully about it), I realized she was right.经再三考虑on/upon reflectionon second thought 陷入沉思 be lost in reflection/thought2. optionchoice n. 选择；选择自由；供选择的事物You have no option.你没有选择的余地。I have little option but to go. There are three options open to us in that matter.在那个问题上我们有三个选择的可能。The government has two options, to reduce spending or to increase taxes.政府只有两种选择，不是削减开支便是增加税收。optional adj. 可选择的They decided that their freedom was no longer optional.Is English an optional lesson, or does everyone have to learn it?英语是选修课还是每个人必修的课程？选修课 optional/elective subjects 必修课 compulsory subjects 3. suit sth. to sb.be suited to sb. 适于She had the ability to suit her performances to the audience. A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his students. 一位好老师使他的课适宜学生。Her performances are suited to the audience.suit vt.(1) 满足；取悦；适意；对方便It suits me if you come to work at eight oclock.如果你八点来上班我就满意了。(2) 适合，适当That dress suits you.那套衣服你穿起来挺合适。4. model n.(1) 模型的a model car一辆模型汽车(2) 模范的a model mother一位模范母亲model vt. 做成模型to model animals in clay用黏土做动物的模型（与after, on连用）模仿；按模型制作She modeled herself on her mother. 她模仿母亲的一举一动。5. in reality 实际上，相当于in factThe salesman always appeared very confident, but in reality (in fact), he was a shy and nervous young man.The two football players may be rivals on the pitch, but in fact/reality, they are actually good friends.Tom may appear cold, but in reality he is warm-hearted.同义词： actually in nature in practice in fact as a matter of fact as the case stands really6. baggage/luggage 行李（不可数名词） a piece of baggage/luggage 一件行李7. support vt./n. 支持，支撑，赡养，供养(1) 支撑；托住These posts support the roof.这些柱子支撑着房顶。The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.雕像的实体用铜制成，由爱斐尔特制的金属架支撑着。(2) 资助；鼓励；帮助She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching.她用教书挣的钱资助丈夫。He has a large family to support. 他要养一大家子的人。(3) 拥护；支持Which football team do you support?你支持哪个足球队？(4) be in support of sb./sth. 支援某人/某物 8. criticism n. 批评criticize v. 批评, 吹毛求疵, 非难critic n. 批评家, 评论家, 吹毛求疵者critical adj. 评论的, 鉴定的, 批评的9. appear eg. It appears to me that he lied. (1) 出现The sun appeared on the horizon.太阳在地平线上出现。(2) 看来；似乎She appears very tired.她显得很疲劳。He appears to want to leave.他看来要走。Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water.两个月的婴儿看来不象是不肯下水的。(3) 公开露面；出版，发表My new book will be appearing in the shops next month.我的新书下月就可在书店出售。(4)（在法庭）正式出面，出庭(5) 可以发现；有The idea appears in many books.这个看法在许多书里都有。(6) It appears to me that 据我看来，似乎 10. stress and pressure 紧张和压力 stressworry (来自内部)pressurestrong influence (来自外部)be under/suffer from/relieve/reduce pressure/stressstressa stressful experienceI always eat when I am stressed.They areputting pressure on people to vote yes.11. tough: adj. 1) 坚韧的；有韧性的as tough as leather像皮革一样坚韧2) 严酷的；苛刻的：Many homeless people are facing a tough winter. 一个严冬3) 困难的；费力的；难切难吃的tough meat老肉This meat is tough. 这肉咬不动。4) 困难的：费力的或麻烦的；困难的：a tough job棘手的工作 skipping the toughest questions. 跳过最困难的问题They will be a tough team to beat. 难以应付的5) 坚决的；强硬的；顽强的a tough policy强硬的政策a tough guy n.硬汉a tough law 严格的12. clear up(1) 整理；完成；收拾 clear up the desk 整理书桌Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?(2)（天气）转晴 If the weather clears up, it gets better.(3) 消除 clear up a misunderstanding 解除误会4) 了结；结束；变缓和I hope your troubles clear up soon.我希望你的困难尽快了结。Im fully occupied these days. I still have lots of work to clear up by the weekend.最近几天我忙极了，到周末还有许多事情要完成。clear up13. go about sth. continue to do; keep busy with 继续做，忙于做尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样工作。Despite the threat of the war, people went about their work as usual.忙于日常事务 go about ones daily routinego about (doing) sth. start to do something; set about sth.开始，着手How shall we go about the job? How do you go about repairing this telex machine? (= set about)14. approach v. 对付，处理，向靠近 n. 方法approach a problem 处理问题approach the enemys ship 靠近敌人的船a correct approach to the subject 研究这个问题的正确方法15. organize v. 组织 organization n. 机构，组织organized adj. 有组织的，有条理的 organizer n. 组织者16. correspond vi.(1) 符合，一致(+to/with)I assure you my actions will correspond with my words. 我向你保证，我将言行一致。 (2) 相当，相应(+to)The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美国国会相当于英国议会。 (3) 通信(+with)Have you been corresponding with him? 你一直和他通信吗? 17. real（adj.）真实的 reality(n.) 现实 realistic (adj.) 现实的，实际的18. enterprising adj. 有事业心的，有进取心的，有创业精神的Its very enterprising of them to start up a business like that. 他们那样去开创生意是很有魄力的。 Phil is an enterprising cook. 菲尔是个有进取心的厨师。19. in detail 详细地Would you please explain the theme in detail? 您是否能详细地说明一下主题?练习：一、根据首字母或中文写单词。1. Susan was completely weighed down by the s_ of examinations.2. Can you give some examples to s_ your argument?3. Donkeys are _ (结实的，强壮的) little animals and can carry big loads.4. It takes a bit of _ (勇气，胆量) to transport explosives to such a restless region.5. Her conduct was beyond _ (批评) because she is very strict with herself and can do everything 100% perfectly.6. I share a loving relationship with my wife with whom I am d_ to enjoy the rest of my life.7. Nobody would approve your i_ plans for reforming the system of governmentits not practical at all.8. She has joined the film s_ where she can share her idea of different films with others.9. I assure you my actions will c_ with my words.10. He is an animal _ (训兽师) for the circus.11. Its very e_ of them to start up such a big business like that.12. Would you please explain the theme in d_? I only have a general and vague picture of it.二、词语运用。I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form, tense or part of speech of the words in bracket.1. The new flat is better _ to modern furniture than antique stuff. (suit)2. Although a career as a _ comes with a good salary, it is very challenging and stressful job. (law)3. Although the training course was _, all the new workers chose to do it. (option)4. The journalist is known for thinking and acting quickly under _. (press)5. To everyones excitement, many _ pop stars will attend the charity event next week. (glamour)6. This warm weather in December is very _, and the shops thick winter clothing is not selling very well. (usual)7. The _ in that Cantonese restaurant dress in traditional Chinese costumes while they are at work. (waitress)8. The end of year is a time for _ for many people, as well as a reason to celebrate. (reflect)9. For his next job, the driver was told that he would be _ fresh goods across the country. (transport)10. The old _ was famous for the traditional methods it used to make beer. (brew)II. Use another form or part of speech of the word in bold in the first sentence to fill in the blank in the second sentence.1. Although I am good at history and geography, I often struggle at maths. Bill Hicks was thought to be the best _ in the company. He was said to have a brain like a computer.2. I need to organize the files on my computer; right now it is difficult to find information because it is such a mess.The _ of the festival wanted to make sure that no mistakes would occur during the ceremony.3. What did you think of Mr. Wangs lesson this morning?Confucius is considered to be one of Chinas greatest _ and educators.4. Although it was a heated debate, the people involved behaved very professionally and did not exchange personal insults.Thinkers and teachers in ancient Greece would spend many hours _ different schools of thoughts.5. She was thought to be a remarkable leader who got the best out of her employees.The young captain was asked to _ the army after the death of the commanding officer.6. Drug therapy is used for treating people who have serious medical problems such as depression or extreme pain in their bodies.After suffering from bad dreams for a month, a friend recommended that I go and see a _ for some professional help.三、选词填空。self-confident enterprising organizer correspond grocercorrection option aspect realistic boss Finding the Right Career When you have finished studying at school, you will be faced with so many career (1) _ that it is often difficult to choose one. Some people will go into their familys business, perhaps as a (2) _ selling fruit and vegetables. However, most people usually work in a career that (3) _ with their degree. Above all, we should be (4) _ that not everyone wants to do the same job. In this article, we are going to cover every (5) _ of the job-hunting process to help you find the job you want. Firstly, you need a good CV. Many people have to make some small (6) _ to their CV each time before submitting it to employers to make sure that their personal information is accurate and up to date. Secondly, your potential future (7) _ will almost certainly ask you que