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英国文学史及选读 BritishLiteraryHistoryandSelectedReadings Self introduction 雷艳妮leianny MobileAimoftheCourse LetstudentsknowaboutthehistoryofBritishliterature fromtheoldEnglishperiodinthefifthcenturytothetwentiethcentury Throughclosereading thestudentswilllearnhowtounderstand appreciate analyzeandevaluatespecificliteraryworks PlanoftheCourse TwotermstodealwiththiscourseForeachterm wedealwithonevolumeofthetextbookForeachweek wedealwithonechapterReadalotafterclass Referencebooksaboutliteraryhistory 刘炳善编著 英国文学简史 AshortHistoryofEnglishLiterature 郑州 河南人民出版社 1993年版 陈嘉著 英国文学史 AHistoryofEnglishLiterature 北京 商务印书馆 1982年版 Sanders Andrew TheShortOxfordHistoryofEnglishLiterature Oxford ClarendonPress 1994 ReferenceBooksaboutSelectedReadings 杨岂深 孙铢主编 英国文学选读 SelectedReadingsinEnglishLiterature 第1 2 3册 上海 上海译文出版社 1981年版 NortonAnthologyofEnglishLiterature ChapterIAnglo SaxonPeriod 449 1066 HistoricalbackgroundBeowolf HistoricalBackground BritainincludesScotland Wales IrelandaswellasEnglandBritainwasoriginallyinhabitedbyprimitiveCeltictribesknownasBritons MajorInvasions BytheRomans 43A D theearlyfifthcenturyBytheEnglish thetribesofAnglo SaxonsandJutes inthemiddleofthefifthcenturyBytheNormans byNorman Frenchinvadersin1066 RomanConquest InthemiddleofthefirstcenturyB C RomantroopsledbyJuliusCaesarinvadedBritain thenClaudiusconquereditinA D 43andBritainbecameaRomanprovincetillthebeginningofthefifthcentury Theninearly5thcentury theRomangarrisonsinBritainwithdrew EnglishInvasion Inthemid 5thcentury thetribesofAnglo SaxonsandJutes laterknownsimplyasAnglo Saxons migratedtoEnglandfromtheEuropeancontinent ormorespecificallyfromwesternDenmarkandthenorthwestcoastofGermany NormanConquest TheNormansfromNormandyinnorthernFrancecametoinvadeEnglandin1066 UndertheleadershipofWilliamtheDukeofNormandywhoclaimedthesuccessiontotheEnglishthrone theysucceededindefeatingtheEnglishtroopsandconqueringthewholeofEngland AftertheNormanConquest AftertheNormanconquest forover300years FrenchwasuseddominantlyinBritain Bytheendofthefourteenthcentury whenNormansandEnglishintermingled Englishwasoncemorethedominantspeechinthecountry ChangeinLanguage BeforeRomanConquest theBritonsspeakCelticlanguage IntheRomanperiod LatinTheAnglo SaxonsspeakOldEnglish whichbelongstotheGermaniclanguagefamily MiddleEnglishorMedievalEnglish Inthethreecenturiesafter1066thelanguagehadundergonegradualbutradicalandextensivechanges NotonlywereborrowedinthecourseoftimethousandsofwordsfromFrenchandthroughFrenchfromLatinandalsoGreek butmanyoldinflectionalformsofnativeEnglishwordshadbeendroppedandformergrammarofthepasthadbecomeconsiderablysimplified MiddleEnglishorMedievalEnglish TheEnglishlanguageinthistransitionalstagefromoldEnglishtomodernEnglish throughsomefourcenturies from12thto15th ofdevelopmentandchange hasgenerallybeenknownasMiddleEnglish Beowulf ThefirstgreatEnglishliteraryworkNationalepicoftheAnglo SaxonsThepoemwascomposedintheoralform sungbythebardsattheendofthesixthcenturyThestorytookplaceinScandinavia Itcontains3183linesofalliterativeverse beingthelongestoftheearlyAnglo Saxonpoemspreserved Grendel Grendelisthefirstmonsterthatappearsinthepoemandbecomesthesymbolof fallenmankind HeisadescendantofCain whocommittedthefirstmurderintheBiblewhenhekilledhisbrotherAbel Grendelisanextremeexampleofevilandcorruption StructureofBeowulf Threeadventures1 fightwithGrendel2 fightwithGrendel smother3 fightwithadragon Beowulfisnowanagedking TheInfluenceofChristianity Beowulfisalinkbetweentwotraditions thepaganandtheChristian Thevirtueofcourageinwarandtheacceptanceoffeudsbetweenmenandcountriesasafactoflifestemfromtheolderpagantradition Beowulfisburiedinaccordancewithpaganritual cremation TheEpicPoem Beowulfispartofthet
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