Lesson-57----Can-I-help-you.doc

Lesson 57 Can I help you, madam?【New words and expressions】（8） madam n. (对妇女的尊称)太太; 夫人maam n. 夫人, 太太, 女士, 小姐 = madamjeans n. 牛仔裤trousers n.裤子, 长裤 pants n.裤子, 短裤hesitate v. 犹豫, 迟疑hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做make up ones mind 下决心做hesitation n. 犹豫, 踌躇without hesitation 毫不犹豫 Without hesitation he refused my request.serve v. 接待(顾客) vt.&vi. 帮佣，当仆人，给干活serve sb. 为某人而服务 Mary served (in) the family as a cook for more than ten years.vt.&vi. 服务；服役；供职Have you ever served in the army? vt.&vi. 接待（顾客）Tom served in a restaurant when he was 18.service n. 服务, 服务性工作, 服役, 仪式；vt. 保养, 维修 adj.(军队)服现役的, 服务性的, 仆人的, 耐用的At your service. 乐于为您效劳。scornfully adv. 轻蔑地look down upon/on 看不起，瞧不起He looks down on me.punish v. 惩罚punishment n. 惩罚 capital punishment 极刑fur n. 裘皮mink n. 貂皮eager adj. 热切的, 热情的be eager to do sth. 急于做某事【课文讲解】1、A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.do window shopping (表示在橱窗外面购物)a woman in jeans 一个穿牛仔裤的妇女2、Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.for a moment不一定要与现在完成时连用, 也可以是一般现在时, 只要这个动词是延续性动词就可以ask to do sth. 请求做某事3、The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.dress sb. 给某人穿衣服 Mother is dressing her baby.I dress myself. 自己给自己穿衣服dress表示“穿着，打扮”时常用被动语态be dressed in She is dressed in jeans. the way 可以直接加定语从句, 不需要引导词I dont like the way she eats. 我不喜欢她吃饭的样子The way she eats annoyed me. 她吃饭的样子让我烦I cooked in the way you taught me. 4、Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day.5、She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. with sth. in hand 手上拿着She went to her monthers carring her baby with a chicken in one hand and a duck in the other. (go to ones monthers 回娘家)6、After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress.seek out 找出, 找到 He sought out the thief in the crowd. Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.7、Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 现在分词短语代替一个分句位于句首时，其否定形式是在它前面加上not，without或never等否定词。这些词有时可互换，有时则不可： Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief. Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事像eager，glad，pleased，sorry等描述感觉的形容词作表语时后面往往跟不定式： They are all eager to come. Im pleased to work with you.【练习】_c_ an answer from the committee, he was worried.a. Having not got b. Getting not c. Not having got d. Having not been got8、With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress.with great difficulty/trouble，with在这里表示行为方式。He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.9、As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it.10、She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.enjoy oneself doing sth. 从中得到乐趣 He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.enjoy sth.enjoy doing sth.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事【Summary writing】1 Did the woman in jeans hesitate for a moment or not? Did she enter an expensive shop or not? What did she ask to see? (Though . and)2 What did an assistant tell her? When did the woman return? Was she dressed in a fur coat or not? (On being told by)3 What was the assistant eager to do this time?4 What did she make him bring her? What did the woman finally buy? (After making)1、Though the woman in jeans hesitated for a moment,she entered an expensive shop and asked for/to see the dress in the shop window.第一步写单句, though后面要加一个从句, 第一个句子和第二个都做主句并列, 则though 后面还有第三个从句, though后面有从句是第一个和第二个并列, 但还有个主句2、On being told by an assistant that the dress was sold, The woman returned the following morning dressed in a fur coat. When the woman returned ,she was dressed in a fur coat. / the woman returned , when she was dressed in a fur coat. by +主动语态中的主语前后两句的强调点不同, 本句中应强调 “return” , 故后面一句更好, 这属于tiny mistake(微小的错误), 当然第一句最好, 另外应注意句子的平衡, 也应将 “when” 放后面4、After making the assistant bring, the women finally bought the dress she had.The woman finally bought what she had first asked for. 也对!【Letter writing】 在信的开头常的下面两个句型：What a surprise it was to What a surprise it was to send me flowers.在to do sth. 的结构当中，可以在前面表达动作由谁做, 加一个“for sb.” It is important for me to do sth. （“for” 一定要加在 “to” 的前面）What a surprise it was for you to send me flowers.Forgive me for not writing earlier, but 我很抱歉我这么久没给你写信I apologize. / I do apologize. 我真的很抱歉!(do 其强调作用)You apology is accepted. 【Key structures】At, In, Off and With在表示地点和位置时，说话人的个人角度会影响对介词的选择。at通常用于表示居住地点和某个停留地点、工作地点等，而in表示里面或包围的含义：Ill see you at the station. 我将到车站送你. On the way home, we stopped at a small village called Puddleton. There were a lot of people in the street. 街上有许多人. Lets go for a walk in the park. 让我们到公园去散散步. off常与动词连用，表示位置的变化，即“与分离”，可译为“脱掉，脱落”（相当于away from或down from的意思）等，其反义词为on：The lid came off easily. 这个盖子很容易掉. 描写人时，in通常用于表示穿着，后面加衣服或颜色，with则表示身上的某个具体特征或随身带着、拿着什么：He looks handsome in that uniform.The police are looking for a man with a scar on his face. The woman with the brown handbag and long umbrella is a famous novelist. 【Special Difficulties】 Make and Letmake和let后面都跟不带to的不定式，但意义上和用法上有区别：make+名词/代词+不带to的不定式，表示“迫使，致使”： What made him change his mind?【注】在被动语态中含有上述意义的make后面必须带to： He was made to work fourteen hours a day. He was made to change his mind.let用于祈使句，建议包括说话者在内的人采取某一行动： Lets not waste any more time.其否定形式除“Lets not”外也可以用“Dont lets”： Dont lets waste any more time.let+名词/代词+不带to的不定式，表示“允许”：Dont let him persuade you. 不要让他把你说服了. Let me try. 让我试一拭. Dont let the children touch anything in this room please. 【PS】但let一般不用于被动意义来表示“被允许”，这时可用allow。 We were not allowed to speak.【Multiple choice questions】5 After _b_out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress.a. she was seeking b. she had sought c. sought d. when she soughtafter, before 后面一定要加两种概念：句子或V+ing，after后面不能接进行时态9 She returned the following day. She returned the day _c_.a. other b.next c. after d. elseelse放在不定代词或疑问代词后面, who else，anyone else，else不跟名词other, next都作形容词用, 单个形容词修饰一个名词一定要放在被修饰词之前, the next day，the other booksafter =later可以放在结尾, 副词表达式 three days later / three days afterafter 与 before 相对应, 可以放在句末作副词用Ive never seen it before.【语法精粹】1、The _b_ news made them _.a. excited/exciting b.exciting/excited c. exciting/to be excited d.excited /excitedmake sb. do sth.；make sth. +形容词 Make the room warm.3、_d_, all the quarrels came to