英语人教版八年级下册7单元.ppt

Unit7What sthehighestmountainintheworld SectionA1a 2d LanguageGoal Talkaboutgeographyandnature Qomolangmaabout9 600 000squarekilometersinsizeTheSahara1 025metersdeepTheCaspianSea6 671kilometerslongTheNile8 844 43metershigh 1a Matchthefactsyouknow 1 Qomolangmais thananyothermountainintheworld 2 TheSaharais desertintheworld 3 TheCaspianSeais ofallthesaltlakes 4 TheNileis riverintheworld 1b Listenandcompletethesentences higher thebiggest thedeepest thelongest 1c Usetheinformationin1btomakeconversations A Whatisthehighestmountainintheworld B Qomolangma A Whatisthebiggestdesertintheworld B Sahara A Whatisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld B Caspiansea Pairwork A Whatisthelongestriverintheworld B Nile TheYangtzeRiverisabout kilometerslongandtheYellowRiveris kilometerslong Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld It salotbiggerthanthepopulationoftheUS 2a Listenandnumberthefacts 1 4 intheorderyouhearthem 6 3005 0005 464300 2 4 Chinaisover yearsold IthasamuchlongerhistorythantheUS TheUSisnoteven yearsold ChinaisalmostasbigastheUS anditisthebiggestcountryinAsia 1 3 2b Listenagainandfillintheblanksin2awiththenumbersinthebox TheYangtzeRiverisabout kilometerslongandtheYellowRiveris kilometerslong Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld It salotbiggerthanthepopulationoftheUS 6 3005 0005 464300 2 4 6 300 5 464 Chinaisover yearsold IthasamuchlongerhistorythantheUS TheUSisnoteven yearsold ChinaisalmostasbigastheUS anditisthebiggestcountryinAsia 1 3 5 000 300 A DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld B Yes Idid It smucholderthanmycountry 2c Makeconversationsusingtheinformationin2a Groupwork Guide Feelfreetoaskmeanythingontoday sGreatWalltour Tourist1 Howlongisthewall Guide Ah themostpopularquestion Ifwe reonlytalkingaboutthepartsfromtheMingDynasty it sabout8 850kilometerslong Thismakesitthelongestwallintheworld 2d Role playtheconversation Tourist2 Wow that samazing Whydidtheancientemperorsbuildthewall Guide Themainreasonwastoprotecttheirpartofthecountry Asyoucansee it squitetallandwide AsfarasIknow therearenoman madeobjectsasbigasthis Tourist3 IsBadalingpartoftheMingGreatWall Guide Yes it sthemostfamouspart 3a Readthearticleandmatcheachparagraphwiththemainideas Qomolangma theMostDangerousMountainintheWorld Oneoftheworld smostdangeroussportsismountainclimbing andoneofthemostpopularplacesforthisistheHimalayas TheHimalayasrunalongthesouthwesternpartof China Ofallthemountains Qomolangmarisesthehighestandisthemostfamous Itis8 844 43metershighandsoisverydangeroustoclimb Thickcloudscoverthetopandsnowcanfallveryhard Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludefreezingweatherconditionsandheavystorms Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop ThefirstpeopletoreachthetopwereTenzingNorgayandEdmundHillaryonMay29 1953 ThefirstChineseteamdidsoinI960 whilethefirstwomantosucceedwasJunkoTabeifromJapanin1975 Whydosomanyclimbersrisktheirlives Oneofthemainreasonsisbecausepeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams Italsoshowsthathumanscansometimesbestrongerthantheforcesofnature Paragraph1SpiritofclimbersParagraph2AchievementsofclimbersParagraph3Factsanddangers Paragraph1Listfourdangersforclimbers thickcloudsSnowslide Freezingweatherconditions Heavystorm 3b Readthearticleagainandcompletethechart Paragraph2Listthreeachievements 1953 TenzingNorgayandEdmundHillarywerethefirsttoreachthetop 1960 ThefirstChineseteamdidso 1975 theJapaneseJunkoTabeisucceededdoingso Paragraphs1 3Listfourcomparisons mostdangeroussport mostpopularplaces thehighestmountain themostfamousmountain WherearetheHimalayas 2 HowhighisQomolangma 3c Answerthequestionsusinginformationfromthearticle TheHimalayasrunalongthesouthwesternpartofChina Itis8 844 43metershigh 3 Whydosomanypeopletrytoclimbthismountaineventhoughitisdangerous 4 Whatdoesthespiritoftheclimberstellus Oneofthemainreasonsisbecausepeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams Italsoshowsthathumanscansometimesbestrongerthantheforcesofnature 1 Feelfreetoaskmeanythingontoday sGreatWalltour 在今天的长城游中 大家尽管问我任何问题 不要拘束 feelfree是英语口语中一个常用表达 若有人让你feelfreetodosomething 就是让你无需拘束 只管按照自己的意愿去做某事 e g A CanIuseyourbathroom 我可以用一下你的卫生间吗 B Yes feelfree 可以 请随意 Languagepoints 2 AsfarasIknow therearenoman madeobjectsasbigasthis 据我所知 再没有像它这样大的人造物体了 asfarasIknow是一个固定的表达方式 还可以说sofarasIknow 意思是 据我所知 例如 AsfarasIknow Jack sgottwinsisters 就我所知 杰克有一对孪生姐妹 They renotcomingtoday sofarasIknow 他们今天不来了 就我所知是这样的 3 theMingGreatWall明长城 明长城 是指明朝时期为了防御北方游牧民族的骚扰 历时一百多年在北部地区修筑的军事防御工程 这段长城东起辽宁虎山 西至甘肃嘉峪关 从东向西横贯多个省 直辖市 自治区 全长约8850千米 是现存历代长城遗迹中最完整 最坚固的 4 Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludefreezingweatherconditionsandheavystorms 更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴 1 difficulty既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词 在此用作可数名词 作可数名词时 difficulty通常用作复数 表示具体概念 即 各种各样的 困难 难题 难事 例如 Peoplelearninganewlanguagemayfacesomedifficulties 人们学习一门新的语言时可能会遇到一些困难 Ifyouhaveanydifficulties youcancallmeforhelp 如果你遇到任何困难 给我打电话求助好了 作不可数名词时 difficulty可译作 困难 艰难 辛苦 费劲 例如 Hehadgreatdifficultyinfindinganewjob 他找新的工作费了很大劲 Wefoundthehousewithoutdifficulty 我们轻而易举地找到广那座房子 2 include表示 包括 包含 是一个及物动词 例如 Doesyourpriceofthebikeincludethislight 你们的车价包含这盏车灯吗 5 Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams 这些登山者的精神向我们表明 我们绝不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试 1 giveupdoingsomething的意思是 放弃做某事 半途而废 Hegaveuplearningathirdlanguageafterhegotthejob 他找到工作之后就放弃了对第三门语言的学习 2 achieveourdreams相当于makeourdreamscometrue其中动词achieve表示 通过努力 实现 取得 获取 达到 梦想 成绩 成功 目的 等 例如 Heachievedgreatsuccessinashorttime 他用很短的时间取得了极大的成功 LinTaoachievedverygoodexamresults 林涛考试取得了很好的成绩 一写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 fortable3 big4 happy5 cheap6 many7 difficult8 little fortable3 big4 happy5 cheap6 many7 difficult8 little betterbest more most biggerbiggest happierhappiest cheapercheapest moremost more most lessleast 1 Lilygetsup early thanLucy 2 Whichgoes slowly TomorJim 3 Thisbookis interesting thanthatone earlier moreslowly moreinteresting 二根据所给词的适当形式填空 4 Sheworks careful inherschool 5 Whogoestobed late Jim TomorJack 6 Ithinkturkeyis delicious ofall themostcarefully latest themostdelicious Homework Canyouthinkofmoreexamplestoshow isthemost intheworld Competewithyourclassmates Unit7What sthehighestmountainintheworld SectionAGrammarFocus GrammarFocus 4a Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox 1 TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe riversintheworld It salittle thantheYangtzeRiver 2 Qomolangmais8 844 43meters bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh longest longer high It soneofthemost placesforseriousmountainclimbers 3 Nooceanintheworldisas asthePacificOcean 4 AlthoughJapanis thanCanada itis smaller popular big older much e g Tworivers and 4b Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics Writetruefacts theYangtzeRiver theAmazonRiver TheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze buttheYangtzeisthelongestriverinChina Twocities and 1 2 Twoanimals and 1 2 Pairwork 4c Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity Whoistheoldestpeopleinourcity Whatisthemostpopularstreetinourcity Whatisthemostdeliciousfoodinourcity Whereisthebusiestroadinourcity GrammarFocus 一 数词Numeral 数词是用来表示事物的数目和顺序的词 数词的分类 1 基数词2 序数词3 分数词今天我们先来学习一下基数词 1 复习1 100以内的所有数字 2 掌握百 千 万 十万 百万的表达法 1 1 19的基数词 one1two2three3four4five5 six6seven7eight8nine9ten10 eleven11twelve12thirteen13fourteen14 fifteen15sixteen16seventeen17eighteen18nineteen19 2 20 90等十位数 twenty20thirty30forty40fifty50sixty60seventy70eighty80ninety90 twenty one21twenty two22 其它的十位数照此类推 如 thirty one31forty two42seventy five75ninety six96 3 百 千 万 百hundred100onehundred200twohundred以此类推 千thousand1000onethousand2000twothousand 英语里没有 万 这一单位 万也用thousand表示 如 10000tenthousand一万20000twentythousand两万 4 十万 百万 十万的说法是 100 000a one hundredthousand200 000twohundredthousandmillion百万a one million1 000 000twomillion2 000 000 以此类推 8 000 000eightmillion 练一练345100118 657 421 threehundredandforty five onethousand and one eighteenmillion sixhundredandfifty seventhousand fourhundredandtwenty one Theprojectlasted5yearsandcost2billiondollars 2 TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears 3 Onethousandpoundsisalotofmoney 表示确定数量时用基数词 hundred thousand million billion 多位基数词读法 457 890 608 389 threehundredandeighty nine fourhundredandfifty seven eighthundredandninety sixhundredandeight 1 101 999的三位数由 百位数 and 两位数组成 如 325 threehundredandtwenty five 102onehundredandtwo 635sixhundredandthirty five 2 三位数以上的数 从个位往前数 每三位数加一个逗号 从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand 第二个逗号代表million 第三个逗号是billion 注意这几个词不能用复数形式 后也不能加and 例如 2 648twothousand sixhundredandforty eight16 250 064sixteenmillion twohundredandfiftythousand sixty four 确切数目与不确切数目的表达 hundred thousand million billion等前面有基数词 表示确切数目时 用单数 后直接接复数名词 如 threehundredbooksonehundredpeoplefivethousandstudentssevenmillionstarts 表示不确切数目时 这类词后加 s且与of连用 如 hundredsofpeoplethousandsofstudentsmillionsofbirdsbillionsoflions注意 这类短语中 名词前如有定冠词 指示代词或形容词性物主代词时 可加of 但表示的是范围 如 twohundredoftheworkers工人中的二百 人 GrammarFocus 二 形容词的比较级和最高级comparativesandsuperlativeswithadj andadv short shorter small smaller nice nicer safe safer big thin heavy heavier happy happier 找规律 big bigger thin thinner delicious moredeliciousinteresting moreinterestingimportant moreimportantcarefully morecarefullyquickly morequicklyslowly moreslowlyeasily moreeasily 找规律 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级 原级 比较级 最高级 一 形容词比较级的构成1 构成的不规则变化 2 构成的规则变化 形容词和副词的比较级 1 构成的不规则变化 e g good well better bestbad badly worse worstmany much more mostlittle less leastfar farther further farthest furthest 2 构成的规则变化 1 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加 er构成比较级或 est构成最高级 如 原级比较级最高级cold colder coldestbright brighter brightestyoung younger youngest 2 以字母e结尾的词只加 r或 st构成比较级和最高级 原级比较级最高级nice nicer nicestfine finer finestlarge larger largest 3 重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时 先双写这个辅音字母 再加 er或 est 如 big bigger biggestthin thinner thinnest4 以 辅音字母 y 结尾的双音节词 先改y为i 再加 er或 est 如 easy easier easiesthappy happier happiest 5 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most 如 delicious moredelicious mostdeliciousinteresting moreinteresting mostinterestingimportant moreimportant mostimportant carefully morecarefully mostcarefullyquickly morequickly mostquicklyslowly moreslowly mostslowlyeasily moreeasily mosteasily 形容词最高级的构成 tall taller tallest B heavyeasytidydrybusyhappyhealthyhungryearly y i est C largelatenice st biggest D big hot hottest thin 双写 thinnest wet wettest fat fattest Adjective deliciousdangerousinterestingpopularbeautifulcarefulfriendly themost adj Adjective betterbest far little worseworst moremost fartherfarthest lessleast good well bad badly many much fortable3 big4 happy5 cheap6 many7 difficult8 little betterbestmorecomfortablemostcomfortablebiggerbiggesthappierhappiestcheapercheapestmoremostmoredifficultmostdifficultlessleast 用法 英语中三者或三者以上相比较 表示 最 这样的最高程度概念时 要用 the 最高级 的结构表示 这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语 比如 inourclass ofthethree等 例如 WangLinisthetallestinourclass Thistheateristhecheapestofthethree 注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点 形容词的最高级 1 表示 最 之一 的句式 要用oneofthe 形容词最高级 复数名词 例如 JingjiangHotelisoneofthebiggesthotelsinourcity Lisaisnotoneofmybestfriends 2 当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时 不加定冠词the 例如 TomisLucy sbestfriend Tuesdayisherbusiestday 3 最高级前可加序数词 例如 TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina 4 形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词 代词时 被修饰的词往往省略 例如 Heisthelaziest student inourclass 2 形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化一般情况下 单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加 er 最高级直接加 est 如 clever cleverer cleverestcheap cheaper cheapestfew fewer fewestsmall smaller smallestyoung younger youngest b 以 e结尾的形容词 比较级 r 最高级 st 如 large larger largestnice nicer nicestcute cuter cutestc 以辅音字母 y结尾的形容词 变y为i er或 est busy busier busiestheavy heavier heaviesteasy easier easiesthappy happier happiestdirty dirtier dirtiest d 以重读闭音节结尾 末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词 双写最后一个辅音字母 再加 er或 est 如 big bigger biggestthin thinner thinnestfat fatter fattesthot hotter hotteste 多音节和部分双音节形容词 需在原级前 more构成比较级 most构成最高级 如 important moreimportant mostimportantbeautiful morebeautiful mostbeautifuldifficult moredifficult mostdifficult 3 不规则变化 最高级规则变化口诀 最高级 很容易 一般词尾加est cheap thecheapest 词尾若有哑音e 直接就加st close theclosest 重读闭音节 单辅音字母要双写 big thebiggest 辅音字母加y 记得把y变为i friendly thefriendliest 多音节 考考你 themost到底加哪里 popular themostpopular 1 WearegoingtotheGreenRestaurantforlunch 就划线部分提问 yougoingforlunch 2 Samistheshortestinhisclass 改为同义句 Samis than studentinhisclass Samis than studentsinhisclass Samis than inhisclass 3 HowdoyoulikeScreenCity 改为同义句 doyou ScreenCity Whereare shorter anyother What thinkof shorter theother anyoneelse shorter 练习 改写句子 TheComparativeSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives Adverbs 总结 形容词和副词比较级和最高级 latelater latest earlyearlier earliest bigbigger biggest fluently difficultmore most 重读闭音节 末尾只有一个辅音字母双写加 er或 est 单音节词在词尾比较级加 er或最高级加 est 以e结尾的词 只需加 r或 st 以辅音字母加y结尾双音节词变y为i加 er或 est 部分双音节和多音节词在原级前加more或most 少数以er ow结尾的双音节词加 er est talltaller tallest clevercleverer cleverest cheap cold small warm young high fine nice safe happy busy dirty easy lazy pretty fat hot red thin wet sad narrow yellow quickly slowly useful careful popular modern 形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成 规则变化 不规则变化 good well better best much many more mostbad badly ill worse worstlittle less leastfar farther further farthest furthestold older elder oldest eldest 形容词和副词比较级的用法 1 Whorunsfaster heorshe 2 Herunsfasterthanshe 3 Herunsmuchfasterthanshe 4 Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier 5 Themoreyouexercise thehealthieryouwillbe 6 Sheislesshealthythanhe 1 表示两者之间的选择 可用 Which Who 比较 or 2 表示两者之间的比较 通常用连词than引导 表示 更 一些 3 much far alot even still alittle abit 修饰比较级 表示程度 Whorunsfaster heorshe Herunsfasterthanshe Herunsmuchfasterthanshe 4 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 5 the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 越 6 表示不及另一方时 用 less 原级 than 双音节和多音节词 Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier Themoreyouexercise thehealthieryouwillbe Sheislesshealthythanhe Heishealthierthanshe Shanghaiisbecomingmoreandmoremodern 1 比较级 and 比较级越来越 2 the 比较级 the 比较级越 越 3 youare mistakesyouwillmake 你越仔细 做错的题目就越少 4 youeat you llbe 你吃得越多 就越胖 5 Alicewriteswell Marywrites thanshe 甚至更好 Themorecareful thefewer Themore thefatter 1 Thegirlbecomes 越来越漂亮 moreandmorebeautiful 2 Theweatherisgetting 越来越槽糕 worseandworse even stillbetter 1 表示三者或三者以上比较 可用 Which Who 最高级 or 表示 2 最高级 of among 同类比较 in 范围比较 4 oneof 形容词最高级 名词复数表示 最 之一 3 序数词修饰最高级 形容词和副词的最高级的用法 Whoisthetallest Tom Mike orJack Tomisthetallestofthethree Mikeisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass Jackisoneofthetalleststudentsinourclass Tomruns the fastestinourclass 3 LinTaois intheclassbecausehenevergetstoschoolontime 最懒的学生之一 4 Edisonwas intheworld 最伟大的发明家之一 oneofthelazieststudents oneofthegreatestinventors TheYangtzeRiveris riverintheworld 第三长河 thethirdlongest 2 TheAtlanticis oceanintheworld 第二大洋 thesecondbiggest Exercise 一 翻译句子 二 同义句转换 1 FlatAismoreexpensivethanFlatBFlatBis thanFlatA FlatBis FlatA FlatBisnot FlatA 2 IprefermathstoEnglish Ilikemaths English betterthan 3 Heisthetalleststudentintheclass Heis intheclass tallerthananyotherstudent anyother 名词单数 less expensive cheaper than as expensive as 1 HainanisaverylargeIsland Itisthesecond islandinchina large 2 Ourteacherisas asbefore busy 3 Heis amongus careful 4 LiLeijumpedfar thanJim far 5 Thebusierheis the hefeels happy 6 IthinkYaoMingisoneof basketballplayersinNBA hot busy themostcareful farther happier largest thehottest 三 完成句子 Homework Practicewithyourclassmatestospeakandwritelargenumbers Writesomenumbercarsandputtheminyourroom Wheneveryousee readthemquickly Unit7What sthehighestmountainintheworld SectionB 1a Comparefactsaboutthesetwoanimals Usethelanguageintheboxtohelpyoumakesentences Examplesentence Thiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda 200cmtaller shorter weighmuchmore less eatmuchmore lesseatmanytimesmore Thiselephantis200cmtallerthanthispanda Thiselephantweighs50timesthanthispanda Thiselephanteatmuchmorethanthispanda 1b Listenandcheck thenumbersyouhear 100 16 20 50 120 0 1 0 2 150 1 Atbirth ababypandaisabout to kilos 2 Atbirth ababypandaisabout cmlong 3 Ababypandaisnotblack Itis andithasno 4 Apandacanliveupto to years 1c Listenagainandcompletethesentences pink 0 2 15 0 1 teeth 20 30 1d Taketurnstellingyourclassmatesaboutpandas A Ababypandacannotsee B Anadultpandaweighsmanytimesmorethanababypanda bigbamboozoopopularcuteblackandwhiteSichuanfamousendangeredbeautifulforestprotect 2a Talkaboutpandasinyourclass Usethesewordstohelpyou Pairwork 2b Scanthearticletofindoutwhatthesenumbersmean 10 12 200 2 000 ScanningThismeansmovingyoureyesquicklydownthepagetofindspecificinformation Itis8 30a m attheChengduResearchBase LinWeiandtheotherpandakeepersarepreparingthemilkforthebabypandas breakfast At9 00a m theyfindthatmostofthebabiesarealreadyawakeandhungry Whenthebabiesseethekeepers theyrunoverwithexcitementandsomeofthemevenwalkintotheirfriendsandfallover They resocuteandlovely Itakecareofthemlikethey remyownbabies Iwash feedandplaywiththemeveryday They reveryspecialtome LinWeilovesherjob butitisadifficultone Pandasdonothavemanybabies maybeonlyoneeverytwoyears Thebabiesoftendiefromillnessesanddonotliveverylong Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo Manyyearsago therewerealotmorebambooforestsandpandasinChina butthenhumansstartedtocutdowntheforests Scientistssaytherearenowfewerthan2 000pandaslivingintheremainingforests Another200orsoliveinzoosorresearchcentersinChinaandothercountries AneducationprograminChengduteacheschildrenincitiesaboutpandasandotherendangeredanimals Theysendpeopletoschoolstotellchildrenabouttheimportanceofsavingtheseanimals Thechildrensingsongsormakeartworkaboutpandasandotherwildanimals Teachingchildrenisonewaytohelpsavepandas TheChinese governmentisalsoplantingmorebambootreessotherewillbemoreforestsforpandastolivein Weallhopethatinthefuturetherewillbealotmorepandasthannow WhatisLinWei sjob 2 Whatdothebabypandaseatforbreakfast 2c Scanthearticleagainandwriteshortanswerstothequestions Heisresponsiblefortakingcareofthepandas Includingwashing feeding playingwiththem Theydrinkmilkforbreakfast 3 Whatdoadultpandaseat 4 Whyarepandasendangered 5 Whatisonewayofsavingpandas Theyeatbamboo Ononehand thebabypandasdon tlivelongbecauseofillnesses Ontheotherhand pandasfeedonbamboo buthumanscutdownthebambooforests Teachingchildrentheimportanceofsavingpandas Plantingmorebambootrees 1 Thepanda attheChengduResear