英语人教版八年级下册8B第三课时Grammar Focus.docx

8B Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.Period 3 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) By Jin Xuedong From Lantian Middle School, Luzhou【学习目标】 知识目标： 掌握现在完成时的用法 能力目标： 正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时正确运用for 和since的用法 情感目标： 正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。教学重点：现在完成时的常见用法教学难点：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 for与since教学辅助：ppt课件【教学过程】Step 1 Warming-up Ss translate some sentences containing present perfect tense.1. 爱丽丝已经看完小妇人了。 Alice has already finished reading Little Women.2. 我吃过午饭了，我是半小时以前吃的。 I have had lunch. I had it half an hour ago.3. 电影已经开始十分钟了。 The film has been on for ten minutes.4. 你去过成都吗？是的，我去过两次。 Have you ever been to Cnengdu? Yes, Ive been there twice.5. 他从五岁起就开始学习弹钢琴。He has learned to play the piano since he was five. Step 2 Group study 1. Ss discuss in groups and find out some facts about present perfect tense.2. Collect Ss ideas about the target language.3. Study grammar with the whole class.现在完成时的用法一、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 常与already, never, ever, just, yet, before连用。如： 1. 我已经看完爱丽丝漫游仙境了。 I have already read Alice in Wonderland.2. 他还没参观过长城。 He hasnt visited the Great Wall yet.3. 劳拉以前骑过马。 Laura has ridden a horse before.4. 我从来没看到过这么漂亮的地方。 I have never seen such a beautiful place.二、表示从过去开始且一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。常与for或since连用。 for +（动作或状态延续的）时段 肯定句中只能用延续性动词 since +（动作或状态开始的）起点否定句中可以用非延续性动词1. 我们学习英语两年了。 We have studied English for two years.2. 我自从2010年起就没看见过我的朋友丽萨了。 I havent seen my friend Lisa since 2010.3. 他们已经离开五天了。 They have been away for five days. 注意：v 二者引出的时间状语往往用 how long提问。How long have you had this book? 这本书你买多久了?For a week./Since a week ago. 买一周了。We have studied English for two years. （对划线部分提问）How long have you studied English? v 非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换leave be away borrow keepbuy have begin/start be ondie be dead finish be overbecome bejoin be in +组织机构 /be a member of 组织机构 go there be therecome back be back fall asleep be asleepget to/arrive/reach be (in) fall ill be illget upbe upcome here be here get to know knowcatch a cold have a coldget married be married三、have/ has been to 去过某地（回来了） have/ has gone to 去了某地（不在本地） have/ has been in 在某地一段时间了 1. 我以前去过北京三次。 I have been to Beijing three times before.2. 那人不可能是王老师，他去西安了。 That man cant be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Xian.3. 劳拉是去年夏天到泸州的。她在泸州已经八个月了。 Laura came to Luzhou last summer. She has been in Luzhou for eight months. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in 1990，last Sunday 等）。一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），强调动作发生的时间，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。Step 3 Grammar Focus Ss read aloud and try to recite Grammar Focus. Have a competition after several minutes.Step 4 Deal with 4a and 4b.Step 5 Pairwork Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.1. Make a sample with a student:-Do you have an English-Chinese dictionary?-Yes, I do.-How long have you had it?-Ive had it for a year.2. Ss work in pairs3. Share.【当堂检测】一、选择for或since填空： 1. I have been here _five months ago.2. He has been a soldier _ about two months.3. Great changes have taken place _ you left.4. His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5. I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6. It is two years _ I became a junior high student.二、同义句转换，每空一词。1. His father died three years ago.His father _ for three years.2. You are too late. The film began half an hour ago.You are too late. The film _ since half an hour ago.3. They came to this school in 2005.They _ this school for