The American family美国的家庭学习资料.ppt

TheAmericanfamily LOGO TheAmericanfamily 4 Thechangedfamilydynamics 1 2 3 5 Thecontradictionbetweentraditionalandmodernfamily Maritalstatus Thelegalmarriage Children Thechangedfamilydynamics ThetotalsumsupthecurrentAmericanfamilies Thechangedfamilydynamics Whatisfamilydynamics Familyisdefinedasasystemofinteraction familydynamicsinthesystemcanreflecttheuniquewayofinteractionbetweenfamilymembers Familydynamicsisthestudyoffamilyinternalmentalprocesses behavior communicationandroleintheinteractionofhouseholdsandtheexternalenvironmentofscience Thechangedfamilydynamics Thereason increasinglifepans theshiftfromthree to four generation 1 2 Thechangedfamilydynamics ThecurrentsituationofAmericanfamily Divorcesaremorecommon Willingtotravelacrossnationoraroundtheworldtogowherethejobare Adultchildrenlivefarfromtheirparent return Maritalstatus Status 7 10Americanssaidthatbeingmarriedwasbetterthanbeingsingle Attitude Theyarealsomarryinglaterandhavingfewerchildren Fact Themedianageatfirstmarriageformenis27 1yearsoldand forwomen 25 3 Age theaveragefamilysizeis3 2people size Maritalstatus Sincetheliberalrevolutionsofthe1960s thenumberofAmericanfamilieswithbothhusbandandwifepresenthasbeenshrinking Thenumberofsingle parenthouseholdshasskyrocketed Therisingdivorcerates Maritalstatus Thishascausedanxietyoverthefutureofthefamilyandmanyhaveproclaimedacrisissituation Thereisanostalgiaforthemythicalgoodolddays Areturntothatmodelwouldrequirewomentogiveupthegainsofthepast30yearsandreturntopatriarchalmodels somethingnotmanyarewillingtoconsider return Thecontradictionbetweentraditionalandmodernfamily Middle classAmericansaretornbetweentraditionalandmodernfamilymodelsandaredeeplyambivalentabouttheonetheyshouldconstructforthemselves Thereisaculturewarinsidemostindividualsbetweentraditionalfamilyvaluesandcontemporaryliberalism Thecontradictionbetweentraditionalandmodernfamily nodivorcelivingnearotherfamilymemberschildrenobeyingtheirparentswomenfocusingondomesticdutiesandmotherhoodbelievegod traditionalfamily bothspousesasfreeagentstocultivatechildrenisnottheirbiologicalchildrenlivingtogetherentertainmentandemphasizingrightsandsexualfreedoms modernfamily Thecontradictionbetweentraditionalandmodernfamily Affluencecontributestothebreakupoffamilies youngpeoplegrowupfaster whileparentsarefrustratedwiththemodernfamily fewseemwillingtoreturntothe1950s return Thelegalmarriage one born that way man one born that way woman officiallysanctionedmarriage Thelegalmarriage Stressingtraditionalvalues in2004 RepublicanPartycandidatesandtheReligiousRightpromotedonlyonetypeofofficiallysanctionedmarriage One born that way manandone born that way woman TheevangelicalwingofChristianityarguedthatGodcreatedthefamilyconsistingofAdamandEve notAdamandAdam orEveandEve In1996 CongresspassedtheDefenseofMarriageActtodefinealegalmarriageasaunionbetweenonemanandonewoman Thelegalmarriage Civilunions Civilunionsarelegalcontractsbetweenpartnersthatarerecognizedbyastateorgovernmentasconferringallorsomeoftherightsconferredbymarriage butwithouttheimplicithistoricalandreligiousmeaningassociatedwiththeword marriage IntheUnitedStates somestateshavelegalizedcivilunionsasanoptionforsame sexcoupleswhocannotlegallymarry Civilunionswereoncedistinctfromdomesticpartnerships butthetermsarenowusedmore or lessinterchangeably return Children TheU S birthratechart from1909to2009 CompanyLogo Fewerandfewerfamilieschoosetohavechildren Children Economicshelpexplainthedeclineinbirths Children MoreAmericanwomenoptnottohavechildrenBecauseParentsdonotgetaneconomicboonandchildrenasadrainonresources Inthemodern ComparisonTable OverhalfofAmericanwomenhadmorethanthreechildrenBecauseChildrenhelpedthefamily sincome Inthepast Children Themainmotivationforthosewhochoosepregnancy Peoplewanttheparenthoodexperience Peoplehopetogainpleasurefromhavingchildreninthehousehold 1 2 Children Theaveragecostofraisingamiddle classchildbornin1999to18yearso