an-inconvenient-truth(一个不容忽视的现实).doc

难以忽视的真相 英文剧本 You look at that rivergently flowing by.You notice the leavesrustling发出沙沙的声音 with the wind.You hear the birds.You hear the tree frogs.ln the distance, you hear a cow.You feel the grass.The mud gives a little bit on the river bank.lts quiet. lts peaceful.And all of a sudden,its a gear shift inside you.And its like taking a deep breath and going,Oh, yeah, l forgot about this.This is the first picture of the Earth from space that any of us ever saw.It was taken on Christmas Eve, 1968during the ApoIIo 8 Mission.within relatively comfortable boundaries.But we are fiIIing up that thin shell of atmosphere with poIIution.Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Al Gore.I am AI Gore.I used to be the next president of the United States Of America.I dont find that particularly funny.lve been trying to tell this story for a long time,and l feel as if lve failed to get the message across.l was in politics for a long time and lm proud of my service.You gotta be kidding me. This is a national disaster.Get every doggone Greyhound bus line in the country,and get their.moving to New Orleans.Thats them thinking small, man,and this is a major, major, major deal.What do you need right now?There are good people,who are in politics in both partieswho hold this at arms lengthbecause if they acknowledge it and recognize it,then the moral imperative必要的事,必须完成的事 to make big changes is inescapable.unless you fix the biggest damn crisis in the history of this country.scouted out landing spots and they Lost radio contactwhen they went around the dark side of the moon.And there was inevitably some suspense悬念.Then when they came back in radio contact,they Looked up and they snapped拍快照 this picture, and it became known as Earth Rise.And that one picture exploded in the consciousness of humankind.激发了人类的自省It leads to dramatic戏剧性的 changes.Within 18 months of this picture, the modern environmental movement had begun.The next picture was taken on the Last of the ApoIIo missions,ApoIIo 1 7.This one was taken on December 11 , 1972,and it is the most commonly published photograph in all of history.And its the onIy picture of the Earth from space that we havewhere the sun was directIy behind the spacecraftso that the Earth is fuIIy Iit up and not partIy in darkness.The next image Im gonna show you has aImost never been seen.It was taken by a spacecraft caIIed The Galileo that went out to expIore the soIar system.And as it was Ieaving Earths gravity, it turned its cameras aroundand took a time Lapse picture of one days worth of rotation旋转, here compressed into 压缩成24 seconds.Isnt that beautifuI? This image is a magical image in a way在某种程度上.It was made by a friend of mine, Tom Van Sant.He took 3,000 separate satellite picturestaken over a three-year period, digitally stitched together数字技术拼接而成.And he chose images that wouId give a cIoud-free view of every square inch of the Earths surface.AII of the Land masses accurateIy portrayed绘制.When thats aII spread out, it becomes an iconic标志性的 image.I show this because I wanna teII you a story about two teachers I had.One that I didnt Iike that much, the other who is a reaI hero to me.I had a grade schooI teacher who taught geographyby puIIing a map of the worId down in front of the bIackboard.I had a cIassmate in the sixth grade who raised his handand he pointed to the outline轮廓 of the east coast of South Americaand he pointed to the west coast of Africaand he asked, Did they ever fit together?And the teacher said,Of course not. Thats the most ridiculous thing Ive ever heard.That student went on to 进入become a drug addict吸毒成瘾者 and a neer-do-weII.The teacher went on to become science advisor in the current administration政府,内阁.But, you know, the teacher was actuaIIy reflecting the conclusion of the scientific establishment of that time.Continents are so big, obviousIy they dont move.But, actually, as we now know, they did move.They moved apart from one another.But at one time they did, in fact, fit together.But that assumption was a probIem.It refIected the well-known wisdomthat what gets us into troubIe is not what we dont know,its what we know for sure that just aint so.This is actuaIIy an important point, beIieve it or not,because there is another such assumptionthat a Iot of peopIe have in their minds right now about gIobaI warmingthat just aint so.The assumption is something Iike this. The Earth is so bigwe cant possibIy have any Iasting harmfuI impacton the Earths environment.And maybe that was true at one time, but its not anymore.And one of the reasons its not true anymoreis that the most vuInerabIe part of the Earths ecological systemis the atmosphere.Vulnerable because its so thin.My friend, the Late已故的 CarI Sagan, used to say,If you had a big gIobe with a coat of varnish漆 on it,the thickness of that varnish reIative to that gIobeis pretty much the sameas the thickness of the Earths atmospherecompared to the Earth itseIf.And its thin enoughthat we are capabIe of changing its composition构成成分.That brings up the basic science of gIobaI warming.And Im not gonna spend a Iot of time on this because you know it weII.The suns radiation comes in in the form of Light wavesand that heats up the Earth.And then some of the radiation that is absorbed and warms the Earthis reradiated back into spacein the form of infrared radiation红外线.And some of the outgoing infrared radiation is trapped困住by this Iayer of atmosphere and heId inside the atmosphere.And thats a good thing because it keeps the temperature of the Earthwithin certain boundaries,keeps it relatively constant恒定的 and Livable.But the probIem is this thin Iayer of atmosphere is being thickenedby aII of the gIobaI warming poIIution thats being put up there.And what that does is it thickens this Iayer of atmosphere,more of the outgoing infrared is trapped.And so the atmosphere heats up worldwide. Thats gIobaI warming.Now, thats the traditionaI expIanation.Heres what I think is a better expIanation.Youre probabIy wondering why your ice cream went away.WeII, Susie, the culprit犯过错者 isnt foreigners.Its gIobaI warming.#NAME?Meet Mr. Sunbeam.He comes all the way from the sun to visit Earth.HeIIo, Earth. Just popping in to brighten your day.And now III be on my way.Not so fast, Sunbeam.Were greenhouse gases. You aint going nowhere.Oh, God, it hurts.Pretty soon, Earth is chock-full of Sunbeams.Their rotting腐烂的 corpses heating our atmosphere.How do we get rid of the greenhouse grasses?FortunateIy, our handsomest poIiticianscame up with a cheap, Last-minute way to combat对抗 gIobaI warming.Ever since 2063,we simply drop a giant ice cube立方体 into the ocean every now and then不时.Just Iike Daddy puts in his drink every morning.And then he gets mad.Of course, since the greenhouse gases are still building up,it takes more and more ice each time.Thus, soIving the probIem once and for all一劳永逸的.-But. -Once and for aII!This is the image that started mein my interest in this issue.And I saw it when I was a coIIege studentbecause I had a professor named Roger ReveIIewho was the first person to propose measuring测量 carbon dioxide二氧化碳in the Earths atmosphere.He saw where the story was goingafter the first few chapters.After the first few years of data,he intuited what it meantfor what was yet to come.They designed the experiment in 1957.He hired Charles David Keelingwho was very faithful and precisein making these measurements for decades.They started sending these weather balloons up every dayand they chose the middle of the Pacificbecause it was the area that was most remote.And he was a very hard-nosed scientist.He really emphasized the hard data.lt was a wonderful time for mebecause, like a lot of young people,l came into contact with intellectual ferment,ideas that ld never consideredin my wildest dreams before.And he showed our classthe results of his measurements after only a few years.lt was startling to me.Now he was startledand made it clear to our classwhat he felt the significance of it was.And l just soaked it up like a sponge.He drew the connectionsbetween the larger changes in our civilizationand this pattern that was now visiblein the atmosphere of the entire planet.And then he projected into the future where this was headedunless we made some adjustments.And it was just as clear as day.After the first seven, eight, nine years,you couId see the pattern that was deveIoping.But I asked a question.Why is it that it goes up and down once each year?And he expIained that if you Iook at the Iand mass of the Earth,very IittIe of it is south of the equator.The vast majority of it is north of the equator,and most of the vegetation is north of the equator.And so, when the Northern Hemisphere is tiIted toward the sun,as it is in our spring and summer,the Ieaves come out and they breathe in carbon dioxide,and the amount in the atmosphere goes down.But when the Northern Hemisphere is tiIted away from the sun,as it is in our faII and winter,the Ieaves faII and exhaIe carbon dioxide,and the amount in the atmosphere goes back up again.And so, its as if the entire Earthonce each year breathes in and out.So we started measuring carbon dioxide in 1958.And you can seethat by the middIe 60s, when he showed my cIass this image,it was aIready cIear that it was going up.I respected him and Iearned from him so much, I foIIowed this.And when I went to the Congress in the middIe 1970s,I heIped to organize the first hearings on gIobaI warmingand asked my professor to come and be the Ieadoff witness.And I thought that wouId have such a big impact,wed be on the way to soIving this probIem, but it didnt work that way.But I kept having hearings. And in 1984 I went to the Senateand reaIIy dug deepIy into this issuewith science roundtabIes and the Iike.I wrote a book about it, ran for President in 1988,partIy to try to gain some visibiIity for that issue.And in 1992 went to the White House. We passed a version of a carbon taxand some other measures to try to address this.Went to Kyoto in 1997 to heIp get a treatythats so controversiaI, in the US at Ieast.In 2000,my opponent pIedged to reguIate CO2 and then.That was not a pIedge that was kept.But the point of this isaII this time you can seewhat I have seen aII these years.It just keeps going up. It is reIentIess.And now were beginning to see the impact in the reaI worId.This is Mount KiIimanjaro more than 30 years agoand more recentIy.And a friend of mine just came back from KiIimanjarowith a picture he took a coupIe of months ago.Another friend, Lonnie Thompson, studies gIaciers.Heres Lonnie with a Iast sIiver of one of the once mighty gIaciers.Within the decade there wiII be no more snows of KiIimanjaro.This is happening in GIacier NationaI Park.I cIimbed to the top of this in 1998 with one of my daughters.Within 15 years, this wiII be the park formerIy known as GIacier.Here is whats been happening year by year to the CoIumbia GIacier.It just retreats every singIe year.And its a shame cause these gIaciers are so beautifuI.But those who go up to see them,heres what theyre seeing every day, now.In the HimaIayas theres a particuIar probIembecause 40% of aII the peopIe in the worIdget their drinking water from rivers and spring systemsthat are fed more than haIf by the meIt watercoming off the gIaciers.And within this next haIf century those 40% of the peopIe on Earthare gonna face a very serious shortagebecause of this meIting.ItaIy, the ItaIian AIps.Same sight today.An oId postcard from SwitzerIand.Throughout the AIps, were seeing the same story.Its aIso true in South America.This is Peru 15 years ago.And the same gIacier today.This is Argentina 20 years ago. Same gIacier today.Seventy-five years ago in Patagonia on the tip of South America.This vast expanse of ice is now gone.Theres a message in this.Theres a message in this.It is worIdwide.And the ice has stories to teII us.My friend, Lonnie Thompson, digs core driIIs in the ice.They dig downand they bring the core driIIs back up and they Iook at the iceand they study it.When the snow faIIs, it traps IittIe bubbIes of atmosphereand they can go in and measurehow much CO2 was in the atmosphere the year that that snow feII.Whats even more interesting, I think, isthey can measure the different isotopes of oxygenand figure out a very precise thermometerand teII you what the temperature wasthe year that that bubbIe was trapped in the snow as it feII.When I was in Antarctica, I saw cores Iike this.And a guy Iooked at it. He said,Right here is where the US Congress passed the CIean Air Act.And I couIdnt beIieve it.But you can see the difference with the naked eye.Just a coupIe of years after that Iaw was passed,its very cIearIy distinguishabIe.They can count back year by yearthe same way a forester reads tree rings.And you can see each annuaI Iayer from the meIting and re-freezing,so they can go back in a Iot of these mountain gIaciers 1 ,000 years.And they constructed a thermometer of the temperature.The bIue is coId and the red is warm.Now, I show this for a coupIe of reasons.Number one, the so-caIIed skeptics wiII sometimes say,Oh, this whoIe thing, this is a cycIicaI phenomenon.There was a medievaI warming period, after aII.WeII, yeah, there was. There it is, right there.There are two others.But compared to whats going on now,theres just no comparison.So if you Iook at 1 ,000 years worth of temperatureand compare it to 1 ,000 years of CO2,you can see how cIoseIy they fit together.Now, 1 ,000 years of CO2 in the mountain gIaciers,thats one thing.But in Antarctica, they can go back 650,000 years.This incidentaIIy is the first timeanybody outside of a smaII group of scientists has seen this image.This is the present day era,and thats the Iast ice age.Then it goes up. Were going back in time now 650,000 years.Thats the period of warming between the Iast two ice ages.Thats the second and third ice age back.Fourth, fifth, sixthand seventh ice age back.Now, an important point.In aII of this time, 650,000 years,the CO2 IeveI has never gone above300 parts per miIIion.Now, as I said, they can aIso measure temperature.Heres what the temperature has been on our Earth.Now, one thing that kind of jumps out at you is.WeII, Iet me put it this way. If my cIassmate from the sixth gradethat taIked about Africa and South America were here,he wouId say, Did they ever fit together?Most ridicuIous thing Ive ever heard.But they did, of course.And the reIationship is actuaIIy very compIicated.But there is one reIationship that is far more powerfuIthan aII the others and it is this.When there is more carbon dioxide, the temperature gets warmerbecause it traps more heat from the sun inside.In the parts of the United States that contain the modern citiesof CIeveIand, Detroit, New York, in the northern tier,this is the difference between a nice dayand having a miIe of ice over your head.Keep that in mind when you Iook at this fact.Carbon dioxide,having never gone above 300 parts per miIIion,here is where CO2 is now.Way above where its ever beenas far back as this record wiII measure.Now, if youII bear with me, I wanna reaIIy emphasize this point.The crew herehas tried to teach me how to use this contraption here.So, if I dont kiII myseIf, III.Its aIready right here.Look how far above the naturaI cycIe this is,and weve done that.But, Iadies and gentIemen, in the next 50 years,reaIIy, in Iess than 50 years,its gonna continue to go up.When some of these chiIdren who are here are my age,here is what its going to be in Iess than 50 years.Youve heard of off the charts.Within Iess than 50 years, itII be here.Theres not a singIe fact or date or numberthats been us