Teachingaims.doc

虚拟语气导学案Teaching aimsEnable the students to master the usage of the Subjective mood. Teaching important pointsHow to enable the students to know the structure and the usage of the Subjective mood.Teaching difficult pointsHow to enable the students to learn about the usage of the Subjective mood.Teaching aidsA projector, and a blackboardTeaching proceduresStep 1 LeadinT: Now lets Look at the sentences and tell when we use the Subjunctive Mood.1.If I were you, I would go there. 假设2.I wish I were a bird flying in the sky. 愿望3.I suggested he go there. 建议4.God bless you. 愿望Step 2 Grammar summaryT:Today well learn the Subjective mood. Please look at the screen and pay attention to the usage of it.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。一、陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood):用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、 否定、疑问或感叹等形式。The sun is larger than the earth.Does Tom usually get up very early?What a clever boy!二、祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。Wait outside until you are asked . Lets just take a break, shall we ？The Subjective Mood虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现 。1、表示现在的虚拟式时 态从 句 动 词主 句 动 词现 在 did would + do If I were a bird, I would fly to you. 如果我是只鸟，我就会飞到你身边去。If it were not for their help, we should be in a very difficult position.如果不是他们的帮忙，我们就会处于一个非常困难的境地。2、表示过去的虚拟式 时 态从 句 动 词主 句 动 词过 去had + donewould + have + doneIf we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train.如果我们早一点动身的话，就不会误车了。If she hadnt been ill, she might have come. 如果她不是病了，可能会来的3、表示将来的虚拟式 时 态从 句 动 词主 句 动 词将 来should + do were to + dowould + do If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some questions. 如果李教授明天有空的话，我们可以问他点问题。If there should be no air, there would be no living things.如果没有空气，就不会有生物。二、错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。换成我是你，我就会听从他的建议。If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。如果我今天早上带了雨衣，现在就不会被淋湿了。 If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years, things wouldnt be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。如果过去几年里不努力工作，现在的情况就不会如此顺利了。 If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。如果当时的天气更好点，现在的庄稼就会长得更好。 If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来） 如果现在一切还没准备好，明天情况就更糟了。三、含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示。这些介词常是：but for, without, otherwis等。如： But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 如果不是听了你的建议，我就不会做的如此成功。The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.没有开放的政策，就不会有如此大的变化。I was so busy then, Otherwise, I would have told him the answer.我当时很忙，否则，我就会把答案告诉他的。四、虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用1、wish后的宾语从句（would rather (sooner) 后也是如此） I would rather they came tomorrow. 我宁愿他们明天来。 How I wish it wasnt raining now. 如果现在不下雨该多好呀！ I wish I had not been to yesterdays party. 我要不去参加昨天的宴会就好了！ 但would rather 后没有主语则应使用零不定式. 2、suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist 等动词后的宾语从句 They demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately. 他们要求侵略者立刻撤退。 I propose that we (should) set a deadline for handing in the plan. 我提议应该制定一个交计划的最后期限。3、it is desired, its suggested, its requested, it was ordered that, it was proposed that, it is necessary that, it is important that, it has been decided that 等之后的主语从句： It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. 有必要立刻派他前往。 Its required that Mr. Lee (should) give a performance at the party. 要求李先生在晚会上出个节目。 Its desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight. 要求我们在今晚前把一切准备好。4、在suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendations, plan, idea 等后面引出的表语从句和同位语从句中： The order came that all villagers evacuate from the village. 要求所有村民撤退的命令下达了。 I second Xiao Lis motion that we set up a special board to tackle the problem. 小李提议成立一个特别委员会处理此问题，我附议。5、在下列句型中要用 should +动词原形。如：it is a pity, it is a shame, it is incredible, it is strange, it is no wonder It is a great pity that he should be so conceited. 很可惜，他这个人竟然这么自大。 Its strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. 奇怪的是他竟看不到自己的缺点。6、as if, as though 引起的从句，其用法同 wish 构成的宾语从句一样 I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 我清楚地记得这件事就象昨天刚刚发生的Step3 ExercisesMultiple choices1. If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week.A .would buy B. had bought C. could have bought D. bought2. I dont think that I shall fail. But if I _, I would try again.A. fail B. would fail C. should fail D. had failed3. I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be 4. The man insisted that he _ there. A. should send B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent 5. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven.A.must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished6._ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave7. Should it rain, the crops _. A. would be saved B. would have been savedC. will be saved D. had been saved8. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would B. should have C. may D. have 9. I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent10. A few minutes earlier and we _ the rain.A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch11.- “Have you ever been