需要远离的9种剧毒植物.doc

需要远离的9种剧毒植物9 Most Poisonous Plants That You Need to Stay Away From!If youre going hiking, or plan on camping this year, you might want to read this list. Several of these plants you could even find in your back yard, or someones garden. You will not want to ingest any part of the plants on this list. They are all deadly! So watch out for these 9 poisonous plants, and know how they could harm or even kill you.如果你今年要去远足或者野营，你可能会想看这个名单。你可以在你的后院或是他人的花园里找到这些植物中的一些。你不会想吃下名单上这些植物的任何部分。它们都是致命的！所以要小心这9种有毒的植物，知道它们是怎么伤害你，甚至是杀死你的。9.Nightshade (Atropa belladonna)茄属（颠茄）This plant, commonly known as Belladonna or Deadly Nightshade, belongs to the Solanaceae family of plants. Its native to Europe, North Africa, Western Asia, and some parts of Canada and the United States. The toxicity of the plant is due to the naturally occurring tropane alkaloids. The nasty part is that any part of the plant can be lethal, from its berries and leaves right down to the roots.这种植物，俗称颠茄或致命的茄属植物，属于茄科植物。它原产于欧洲、北非、亚洲西部，加拿大和美国的一些地区。这种植物的毒性来自自然产生的莨菪烷类生物碱。令人讨厌的部分是，这种植物的任何部分，从它的浆果和树叶的权利到根，都是致命的。8.Oleander (Nerium oleander)夹竹桃（花叶夹竹桃）This shrub or small tree is widely cultivated, and can be found anywhere. Every part of it is poisonous due to the naturally occurring toxins. Symptoms of the poison include tremors, seizures, and coma that can lead to death.这种灌木或小乔木被广泛栽培，在任何地方都可以找到。由于自然产生的毒素，它的每一部分都是有毒的。中毒的症状包括震颤，惊厥，昏迷，可导致死亡。7. White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima)白蛇根（蛇根泽兰）This plant can be found almost anywhere in North America. It can grow in forest and thickets, as well as grassy areas or just bare ground. You might call it a weed, and its unassuming white flowers are as dangerous as they are pretty. Livestock can consume this plant and become contaminated by the temetol within it. It happened so much that the term “milk sickness” arose from people drinking the milk from cows that would graze on them. Thousands died of this cause in the 1800s.这种植物几乎可以在美国的任何地方找到。它可以在森林和灌木丛，以及草原地区或只是赤裸的地面上生产。你可以叫它杂草，它的朴素的白色花朵如同其美丽半一样危险。牲畜会吃这种植物，从而积累毒素在身体内成为污染源。这件事发生得太多了，“牛奶病”一词就是源自喝那些吃这种植物的牛所产生的牛奶的人。在19世纪，数千人因这而死亡。6.Manchineel Tree (Hippomane mancinella)毒番石榴树（石榴木）This tree can be found along the coasts of South America, Central America, the Bahamas, and Southern North America. Its fruit is similar in appearance to a small apple and has a unique name in Spanish manzanilla de la muerte or “little apple of death.” Theres more than one poison in this tree; the leaves, sap, and fruit of the Manchineel tree are all poisonous. While eating the apple could prove fatal, the sap has also been used in poison-tipped arrows. And burning this tree could prove harmful; if the smoke were to reach your eyes, it could cause you to go blind!这种树可以在南美海岸、美国中部、巴哈马和北美南部找到。它的果实在外形上和小苹果相似，并且在西班牙语中有着独特的名字：致死洋甘菊或致死小苹果。这种树上不止一个部位有毒，叶子、汁和果实都有毒。吃它的果实可能会是致命的，它的汁液也被用于有毒的箭头。燃烧这棵树能证明是有害的；如果烟熏到你的眼睛，它会使你失明！5. Angels Trumpet (Brugmansia)天使的喇叭（曼陀罗）This plant can be found almost anywhere. Its hanging bell flowers are beautiful, but deadly if ingested. Because of its beauty, the flower is coveted and cultivated. This is what makes it all the more dangerous.这种植物几乎可以在任何地方找到。它的挂钟花很美丽，但如果摄入的话会致命。因为它的美丽，这种花被人们喜欢和栽培。这就使它变得更危险。4. Castor Bean (Ricinus communis)蓖麻籽（蓖麻）This plant is widespread throughout tropical regions, East Africa and India. The shrub-like plant is usually moderate in size, but can reach the size of a small tree. Its general appearance can differ from habitat to habitat. While there are beneficial uses of the castor bean, which is not really a bean, the raw fruit of the plant contains the toxic substance ricin. Exposure to this chemical can cause nausea, tachycardia, and seizures for a week. Writer Georgi Markov was infamously assassinated on the streets of London by a ricin pellet fired from an umbrella. It can be deadly if not treated properly, a poisonous plant indeed.这种植物分布广泛，遍及整个热带地区，东非和印度。这种灌木状的植物通常是中等大小，但可以达到一棵小树的大小。它的外观可以根据栖息地生境而变化。虽然蓖麻的豆子，不是真正的豆子，有所用处，但这种植物的生果实含有有毒物质蓖麻毒素。暴露于这种化学物质下会引起恶心，心动过速，并会持续发作一周时间。作家乔治马尔可夫就是在伦敦街头被蓖麻毒素颗粒害死的。如果不能得到正确处理，一个有毒的植物实际上可以是致命的。3. Rosary Pea (Abrus precatorius)相思子（相思豆）The plant is known by many names, like crab eye or Inidan licorice. Its native to India and is invasive, taking root in many countries across the globe. The seed is often used in musical instruments as percussion and is toxic because of the presence of the chemical abrin.The symptoms are like that of ricin but much more concentrated. It can cause liver failure and eventually death over several days. The seeds have been used in jewelry and if ingested will cause a painful death.这种植物有许多名字，如蟹眼或印度甘草。它原产于印度，具有侵入性，在全球许多国家都有分布。其种子经常被使用于乐器当作打击乐器，由于化学相思子毒素的存在而具有毒性。它的症状和蓖麻毒素相似，但更浓缩。它可以导致肝衰竭，并最终于几天内死亡。这些种子已经被用于珠宝，如果摄入会导致痛苦的死亡。2. Aconite or Wolfs bane (Aconitum napellus)附子或乌头（欧乌头）Cleopatra is said to have used aconite to kill her brother. This is another plant known to have rather harmful effects dating back to antiquity. Its poison is fast acting. Within minutes a large dose will kill you by paralyzing your heart muscles. Simply picking its leaves could send you to the morgue.据说埃及艳后曾用附子杀了她弟弟。这是另一种可以追溯到古代的有很大害处的已知植物。它的毒性会很快发作。一个大剂量的这种植物会在几分钟内通过麻痹你的心脏肌肉杀死你。只是采摘它的叶子就可以把你送到太平间。1.The Suicide Tree (Cerbera odollam)自杀树（海檬树）This leafy green plant is native to India and Southern Asia. It can grow in coastal marshes but unnervingly is used as a hedge plant. This one has a toxin called cerberin that disrupts your pulse, most often resulting in death. The scary part is that is wont likely show up in an autopsy. A study from the late 90s done in India stated this little plant contributed to over 50