被动语态(高考).doc

被动语态（the passive voice） I、语法精讲定义(definition) : 主语是动作的承受者, 宾语是动作的执行者。构成：be + 过去分词 口诀：宾变主，把“是”补，动词跟，变过分，时与数，“是”随主，主变宾，把by加。基本句型以一般现在时为例A S+V+O O + be done + by SHe write a letter. A letter is written by himB S+V+IO+DO IO + be done DO by SHe teaches us English. We are taught English by him.C S+V+O+C O + be done +C by SWorkers call her Lizzy. she is called Lizzy by workers. 现在完成时的被动语态Have/has been doneModern Russian artists has rebuilt Catherines Palace Catherines Palace has been rebuilt by Modern Russian artist.一般将来时的被动语态The people of Beijing will plant more trees and build new roads More trees will be planted and new roads will be built by the people of Beijing. 现在进行时的被动语态They are adding new functions to the phones. New functions are being added to the phones.时 态现 在过 去将 来一 般AmIs told Are WasWere told Shall /will be told进 行Amis are being told Waswere being told完 成Havehas been toldHad been told情态动词Can, must, may be toldII、反馈练习A : Complete the rules below, using the words in brackets in the proper form. (用括号你的适当形式填空)Rules fro the Olympic Games1. Nobody _(allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. Will be allowed to 2. Children _(allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they _(take away) from the stadium. will not be allowed, will be taken away 3. No animals _(allow) in the stadium. will be allowed4. Cheating by athletes _(not excuse). They _(tell) to leave and _(punish) will not be excused will be told5. No smoking _(allow). If you are discovered, you _(fine) will be allowed, will be finedB: Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice and the present continue passive voice. (将下列句子变成现在完成时态和现在进行时的被动形式)1. My friend has bought a new personal computer.A new personal computer has been bought by my friend.2. The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.My computer has been repaired very quickly by the shop3. An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus4. We have not solved the problem yet.The problem has not been solved by us yet.5. The company has given its computer away to a local school.The computers have been given away to a local school by the company.6. The scientists have developed a kind of intelligent robot.A kind of intelligent robot has been developed by the scientists7 They are collecting money for the broadband project.Money is being collecting for the broadband project by them.8 They are writing a report about the negative effects of cell phones in school.A report is being written about the negative effects of cell phones in school by them.9 Some scientists are studying human cloning.Human cloning is being studied by some scientists10They are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.The laws are being revised to protect the rights of woman and children by them C: Choice (选择)1.The river smells terrible. People must _dirty things into it.A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwingC stop to throw D stop from throwing2.Many kinds of new bicycles _ in Number One Machine Factory now.A are making B are made C have made D will make3.Paper _first invented in China.A is B are C was D were4._Do you like the flower? _Yes, it_ sweet.A is smelling B smelt C is smelt D smells5.It snowed heavily last night. The ground _thick snow.A was covered with B was filled with C was made of D was getting on with6.The light in the room _ before you leave.A must turn off B will turn off C are turned D must be turned off7. Young trees _quite often.A should water B should be water C should be watered D. should be watering 8.The bridge _ in three weeks.A will build B is built C will be built D. will being build 9.The League _in May,1922.A found B was found C founded D was founded10.Paul doesnt have to be made_. He always works hard.A learn B to learn C learned D learning11.In some part of the world, tea_ with milk and sugar.A is serving B is served C serves D served12.The girl was unhappy because she _ by some boys in the class.A is laughed B was laughed C laughed D was laughed at13.We_that the English test _ next Monday.A was told; gives B tell, will give C are told; will be given D told; is going to be given14.Great changes _place in China since 1978.A have been taken B have taken C has been taken D took15.Look! A big modern building _ in our city.A is built B was being build C is being build D has build16.When we got there, the broken road _ repaired.A is being B was being C has been D should be17. By _ was the book_?A who; wrote B whom; write C whose; writing D whom; written18.When _the accident_?A was happened B has happened C did; happen D was happeningD. change the following sentences into the passive voice. (变主动语态为被动语态) You must send your sister to hospital at once. The foreigners cant understand this word. Many people speak French in China. Ill buy my daughter a new watch. The boss made the workers work all day. E Complete the following sentences. (完成句子)1He believes that children （应允许学习） at their own pace.（allow）2007 (should) 2At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine (正在运往) from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas. (transport) 2008 3. Last nights 9 TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _(未证实) yet 2010 (prove) 4 Mr. Johnson insisted that problem worthy of attention _(讨论) at the meeting.2010 (discuss) Tense Form Example 一般现在时am/is/are +doneEnglish is spoken in many d.一般过去时Was/were +doneMy hometown was liberated in 1949.一般将来时Will/shall +be +doneThe play will be put on next Sunday.过去将来时Would +be +done He told me that the meeting would be put off till the next Friday?现在进行时Am/is/are +being +doneA new teaching building is being built now in our school.过去进行时Was/were +being +done The last time I went back to my hometown, a big power station was being built there.现在完成时Have/had + been +done A new satellite has been set up into space to do some scientific research work.过去完成时Had +been +doneBy the end of last year the railway had been completed.情态动词Can/may/must/need/should +be +doneYour homework must be handed in now.不定式 to be + done The wall needs to be painted.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态Be+seen/heard/noticed/found/watched/observed/made to do The thief was seen to cross the river by the police.短语动词把主要动词变成被动形式 His idea was laughed at among the students.练习1. I _（给。打个电话）my sister three times today but her line was always busy. (phone) have phoned 2. Messages _（留在）in her desk but she didnt notice them. (leave) were left3. The window _ （未擦）for weeks.(clean) hasnt been cleaned 4. The house could fall down soon if no one（做） _some quick repair work.(do)does 5. The neighbors _（准备） a party now. (prepare)are preparing for 6. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _（考虑） going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.(consider) has been considering 7. The teacher with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class _（参观）a museum when the earthquake struck.(visit) was visiting 8. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power _（增长）enormously ever since.(increase) has been increased 9. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _（劝说）eat more fruit and vegetables.(persuade) are persuaded to 10. More patients _（治疗）in hospital this year than last year.(treat) have been treated 11. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _（达到）50 million. (reach)Have reached 12. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _（见）her somewhere.(see) had seen 13. The crazy fans _（等待） patiently for two hours, and they would till the star arrived. (wait) had been waiting 14. I _（睡）while reading the English textbook. (fall) fell asleep15. At this time tomorrow we _（飞过）the Atlantic.(fly) will be flying over16. I _（知道）for some time that the factory was going to shut down.(know) had known 17. I thought Jim would say something about it, but he _（未提及） it. (mention) didnt mention18. By the end of last year, another new project _（完成）(complete). Had been completed19. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _（未决定）yet. (decide) has not been decided 20. I wonder why Jenny_(为给。写信) us recently. We should have heard from her by now.