新目标八年级英语上册 Unit 8 最新名师预习学习复习指导材料.doc

八年级英语上册Unit 8 How was your school trip?【41】预习学习复习指导 201110 学习目标 1.学会询问和描述过去发生的事情；2.通过调查了解全班同学上周末的活动；3.小组合作，创作连环故事；4.通过描写“难忘的假日”、“秋游” 和日记摘抄，学习谈论过去发生的事情。预习学习复习指导（一）Section A P.47-P.491gift n. 礼物，赠品。同义词：presentpreznt2比较：hang-hanged; hanged 吊死，绞死：They hanged the bad man. hang-hung; hung 悬，挂，吊，垂；徘徊，逗留 hang out 经常出没，闲荡3win与beat，play的比较见Unit 6第16条。4prize n. 奖赏；奖金；奖品：win a prize5visitor n. 参观者；访问者；来客；游览者 复习：visit v.&n. 参观；访问；看望，探望，拜访；游览 be on a visit to + a place/sb. 参观/访问某地；访问某人，在某人家做客 pay/make/give a visit to sb. 访问某人；拜访某人（=pay sb. a visit） 6end n. 结束；结尾；尽头；末端 at the end of 在末/尽头（表时间或地点位置） in the end of (=finally, at last) 最后；终于 v. 结束；终止7take a picture(pictures) =take a photo(photos) 拍照片8比较：buy sb. sth. =buy sth. for sb. buy sth. from 从买来 sell sth. to 把卖给9复习：else与other的区别。见Unit 4第14条。10the science teacher 自然科学课老师 the English teacher =the teacher of English11* wonderfulwndful adj. 精彩的，极好的，非常好的；令人惊奇的，奇妙的-八年级英语上册Unit 8 How was your school trip?【42】预习学习复习指导 201110 语法 一般过去时的用法一 动词形式 一般现在时的动词形式一律用过去式例：1）I liked music. He liked music. And they liked music, too. 2）I didnt like music. He didnt like( liked) music. And they didnt like music, either（也）. 3）He could swim(swam). 比较：He swam well. 4）I was happy. He was happy. And we were all happy. 5）Jim was at home. 比较：He may be(was) at home. 二 用法 （参考一般现在时的前两个用法） 一般过去时通常与yesterday(), last year(week), three days ago, in 1996，after two years等表示去的时间状语连用。有时也可不用这些时间状语，要注意理解。 表示主语过去经常性的或习惯性的动作，或者过去经常发生的事情。 例：1）He usually got up at six in the morning last year. 2）There was an exam every week last term(学期). 表示主语过去的性格/性质、状态、特征、身份、能力等（即：性状特身能）。 例：1）I liked sports. I thought sports were interesting. 2）He was at home yesterday. He was ill. 3）He looked like his father. He was a bit heavy. 4）Five years ago, her father was a doctor. And her mother was a teacher. 4）He could speak English. And he spoke English well. 三动词的过去式的构成规则 一般情况下直接在动词原形后-ed，原词尾有e时只加-d。-ed在轻音后发清音/-t/, 在浊音后发浊音/-d/，即“清-清，浊-浊”；在t, d发/-id/。如：work-worked/w: kt/ live-lived /livd/ play-played/pleid/;want-want/wntid/ need-needed/ni: did/ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i再加-ed。-ed发/-d/。如：study-studied/stdid/ carry-carried worry-worried 有的需要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。-ed发音规则也是“清-清，浊-浊”。如： stop-stopped/stpt/ plan-planned/plnd/ 另外，有些动词的过去式是不规则变化的，应单独记忆。如： are-were go-went give-gave make-made hear-heared 预习学习复习指导（二）Section B & Self Check P.4-P.612sleep late 睡过头，起得晚（get up late）。比较：go to bed late-八年级英语上册Unit 8 How was your school trip?【43】预习学习复习指导 20111013drive v. 驾驶；开车：drive a car (the bus)n. 驾驶；驱车旅行：go for a drive 开车旅行，开车玩一玩（兜风）14off 作adv.“休息；休假”的用法： off作adv.时，可以表示“（因病或节假日）休息或不工作、不上学”。 on their last day off 在他们的上一个休息日（假日） on my next day off 在我的下一个休息日（假日） have(take) a day(two days) off 休一天（两天） have tomorrow off 明天休息（休假） ask for a day off 请一天假 另外，关于leave表示“休假”是说法见Unit 3第14条。15rain n. 雨（水）不可数；一场/阵雨可数：a heavy(hard) rain v. 下雨：Last night, it rained heavily(hard). 16比较：luck, lucky, luckilyluck n. 运气，好运：Good luck to you! 祝你好运！Good luck with your English! 祝你英语学习顺利！ 注意Good luck后面的介词。比较下列说法中的介词： Best wishes to you! Bests wishes for Teachers Day! agree with sb. 同意某人；agree to sth. 同意某事be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格；be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格 lucky adj. 幸运的；吉祥（利）的：a lucky dog幸运儿；a lucky day吉日 luckily adv. 幸运地；幸运的是作状语 例：1）He passed the exam luckily. 2）I was lucky. Luckily, I began to go to school at the age of 7.17比较：in the future（在）将来 in future 从今以后，今后，从现在起（=from now on）18take/have a class（指学生）上课，学习。还可说：have a (piano) lesson; go to class 比较：give a class（指老师给学生）上课19have fun (doing sth.)（干某事）过得愉快例：We had fun playing soccer in the park.20all day (long) 整天（地），一整天地-八年级英语上册Unit 8 How was your school trip?【44】预习学习复习指导 201110 21put out (of ) 把放到（的）外面；反义：put in(to) 拓展：put away(v.-adv.) 把收（起来放）好：Put away your books.22have a yard sale 举行庭院销售23get wet 变湿 （本单元中指）（被）淋湿24in ones opinion 依照某人的意见（看法），在某人看来25singing competition 歌咏比赛26比较：none与no one, nobody, nothing nonenn(见本单元P.52)是不定代词，与no one, nobody, nothing容易混淆，区别如下：none指人，指物（中的）一个也没有（不）有范围限制no one, nobody只指人没有人，大家都不物范围限制nothing只指物什么也没有，什么都不体会： 1）No oneNobody knows him. None of us knows him. 2）He needs help. But no oneNobody helps him. He needs help. But none of his friends helps him. 3）He invited ten girls to his birthday party. But _ (of them) came. 4）Who went there? _ did. Which of you went there? _ did. How man