青岛大学 英语研究生真题 808 综合英语 2007年.doc

青岛大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码： 808 科目名称： 英语综合 (A卷)（共5页）请考生写明题号，将答案全部答在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效Part One Linguistics (50 points)I. In this section, there are 15 statements/questions. Indicate the right choice in each of them by writing the corresponding letter (A,B,C or D) on the answer sheet (15 points)1. Which of the following is the correct description of the English sound k ?A. voiceless, velar, stop B. voiced, velar, stop C. voiceless, alveolar, stop D. voiced, alveolar, stop2. Inflectional morphemes convey meanings. A. lexical B. no C. associated D. grammatical3. The four sounds p, b, m and w have one feature in common, i.e. they are all . A. bilabials B. nasals C. stops D. velars4. When we say that f, v are labiodentals, we are referring to the of their articulation. A. manner B. place C. style D. form5. In the sentence “The boy is smiling”, the underlined part can be replaced with words like girl, man, woman or teacher. These words are said to be in a _ relation. A. linear B. paradigmatic C. vertical D. syntagmatic6. Austin might have said that all the sentences in a language are .A. informative B. interpersonal C. performative D. communicative7. The following poem employs the semantic relation called . As a rule, man is a fool; When its hot, he wants it cool; When its cool, he wants it hot; Always wanting what is not.A. homonyms B. antonyms C. synonyms D. alliteration8. A sign in the San Diego Zoo Wild Animal Park states: “Please do not annoy, torment, pester, plague, molest, worry, badger, harass, heckle, persecute, irk, bullyrag, vex, disquiet, grate, beset, bother, tease, nettle, tantalize, or raffle the animals.” This best exemplifies the semantic relation called .A. repetition B. antithesis C. metaphor D. synonyms9. Which of the following sentences is NOT an example of the violation of the maxim of quality?A. You are the cream in my coffee.B. War is war.C. There is food enough for an army on this table.D. Time is money.10. is an example of performativesA. I declared the meeting open. B. I will declare the meeting open.C. He declares the meeting open. D. I declare the meeting open.11. are instances of the illocutionary acts called directives”.A. offering, vowing and promisingB. requesting, warning and advisingC. welcoming, thanking and apologizingD. resigning, surrendering and appointing12. is often described as the “father of modern linguistics”. A. Confucius B. Sir William Jones C. Chomsky D. Saussure 13. Chomsky might have said that .A. We are born with the language learning device.B. We are born with nothing in our mind.C. We learn every sentence of our native language from people around us.D. We can only speak sentences we have heard from people around us.14. The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called_.A. semanticsB. sociolinguisticsC. pragmaticsD. psycholinguistics15. Which of the following pairs of words is NOT an example of antonyms known as relational opposites?A. husband, wifeB. father, sonC. let, rentD. alive, deadII. Knowledge and understanding of language phenomena (15 points)1. A speech sound will change when followed by another sound. Indicate the change of the underlined sound in each of the following examples with phonetic symbols: (1) five past nine. (2) sun glasses 2. Describe the change of meaning in the following expressions or sentence when the stress (capitalized) are shifted: (1) a BLACKboard a blackBOARD (2) John bought a CAR. JOHN bought a car.3. Indicate the kinds of grammatical relationship/meaning that are realized by the addition of inflectional affix in the following words by writing the right terms: (1) table tables (2) teach teaches 4. Indicate the kinds of word formation and the parts of speech in the following examples: (1) day + break daybreak (2) nation + al national 5. Indicate the types of lexical changes through which the following words came into being by giving the right term : (1) brunch (2) telex (3) WTO (4) edit 6. Following are examples of loanwords in English or Chinese. Indicate the type of borrowing in each word by supplying the right term or describing the way in which the word came into the relevant language. (1) tea (2) Chinatown (3) 麦克风 (4) 因特网 7. Each of the following groups exemplifies one kind of grammatical categories (case, gender, concord). Indicate the kind of category by giving the right term: (1) actor actress; he she (2) I, he, she; me, him, her; my, your, his 8. Following are examples of endocentric constructions in English. Underline the head element in each of them:(1) poor old John (2) the book on the shelf9. What implicature does Bs answer convey in the following dialogue? Describe briefly how the impicature arises by referring to Grices pragmatic theory.A: Are you going on holiday this year?B: I havent got any money. 10. The meaning of words can be described in terms of semantic features as in the following example: man + HUMAN, +ADULT, +MALE. Describe the words woman and boy in similar ways. 11. The following lines from Robert Frosts poem is typically taken as being about life and choice of life goals. What knowledge or knowledge structure is evoked for the intended metaphorical interpretation to be achieved? Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.12. Identify the kinds of figurative language used in the following examples by writing the right term:(1) O, my luve is like a red, red rose, (2) Architecture is frozen music. (3) Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow That I should say good night till it be morrow. (4) The kettle boils. 13. Identify the sound patterning or metrical patterning in the following examples by writing the right term: (1) Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. (2) Come live with me and be my love And we will all the pleasures prove. (3) The most important lesson of all is that political will matter even more than military skill. (4) For saints have hands that pilgrims hands do touch. 14. The following sentences can be used for meanings or purposes other than their conventional (grammatical) functions. List two unconventional meanings or purposes for each of them.(1) The room is messy. (2) Do you have a watch?15. Identify the relations between the following pairs of sentences: (1) a. Toms car broke down. b. Tom has a car.(2) a. He likes swimming. b. He likes sports.III. The following passage conveys popular ideas of language and linguistics. Write an essay (of no more than 300 words) by reinterpreting, commenting and elaborating the ideas. Reference should be made to the designed features, the major functions of language, and preferably the relevant branches of linguistics concerning the ways in which language is related to the condition and activities of mankind. (20 points) Why does language provide such a fascinating object of study? Perhaps because of its unique role in capturing the breadth of human thought and endeavour. We looked around us, and are awed by the variety of several thousand languages and dialects, expressing multiplicity of world views, literatures, and ways of life. We look back at the thoughts of our predecessors, and find we can see only as far as language lets us see. We look forward in time, and find we can plan only through language. We look outward in space, and send symbols of communication along with our spacecraft, to explain who we are, in case there is anyone there who wants to know. Alongside this, there is the importance we attach to language, as a means of understanding ourselves and our society, and of resolving some of the problems and tensions that arise from human interaction. No sectors of society is unaffected, and all can benefit from the study of linguistic factors that constitute a barrier, as well as a means of communication. (David Crystal: The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language)Part Two Translation (60 points)I. Translate the following passage into Chinese（30 points）HIV VirusI was diagnosed with HIV 11 years ago. When I was 15 years old I ran away and went to Florida. I did the drug scene and was put into a lot of bad circumstances. I returned to Ohio when I was almost 17, only to find out I was pregnant. It wasnt until my son Mikey was about 4 months old that we found out why he was always so sick. He was admitted into AKRON Childrens Hospital for a hernia operation. It was there that the doctor asked if he could do and AIDS test. Well I never even gave it a thought that it might come back positive, but 2 weeks later we were being told that my Mikey had full-blown AIDS and that meant I was + also.I felt like my life was being turned upside down and that this could not be happening. From that time and for the next few years I was in complete denial, so much so that at one point the county &city Health Departments were going to have me committed because I just could not deal with this disease.I went on like I was not infected and ended up giving birth to another child in 91, who was 3 months premature and also had full-blown AIDS. Kayla also passed away from AIDS. Here I was at 19 years old, and I had already killed 2 of my precious babies. It wasnt until a relative of mine was mi