北师大版高中英语必修三学案：Unit 8 Section Ⅳ.doc

section journey to the antarctic根据提示写出下列单词1_n目标；目的2_n. 抱负，志向3_adj. 高兴的，愉快的4_prep. 在之内，在内部5_n. 悲哀，忧伤6_vi. 运转7_n. 国籍8_n. 目标；目的【答案】1.goal2.ambition3.cheerful4.within 5sadness6.function7.nationality8.aim根据提示补全下列短语1_ ones way在途中2run _ of 用完，耗尽3have difficulty(in)_sth. 在上有困难4carry _ 继续做某事5_ the way 挡道6make preparations _为做准备7break _ 损坏，不能运转8be shocked _ 被震惊【答案】1.on2.out3.doing4.on5.in 6for7.down8.by根据提示补全下列教材原句1then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着，漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。2he had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都配有滑雪板。3captain scott and his team members reached the pole，but with_little_to_celebrate斯科特上校和他的队友们登上了南极，但却没有什么可庆祝的。阅读p28课文，选择最佳选项1amundsen was a(n) _ explorer.aitalianbnorwegiancbritish dfrench2amundsen succeeded because _ahis men were much more healthierbhis men arrived there by planecdogs pulled his sledges and his men were on skisdhis men did not meet with snow and cold3in the return journey，scott met with the following except _alack of food bexhaustionclack of fresh water dbad weather4why did scott and his men become heroes?abecause they achieved their goal of their ambition.bbecause they returned from their exploration safely.cbecause they won the race to the pole.dbecause they showed great courage all the time.5which of the following statements is true?aamundsen won the race to the pole.bamundsen and his men had to push the sledges themselves.camundsen and his men carried some rocks with them.dedgar evans had difficulty walking.【答案】15bccda阅读p28课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。on 1 june，1910，the race to the south pole 1._the norwegian and the british was 2._.amundsen left on 15 october，1911.he 3._great progress because he had teams of dogs 4._(pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.they arrived at the pole on 14 december and became the first 5._(arrive)there.scott left on 1 november 6._his two sledges broke down first and then his horses 7._(agree) with the cold and the snow.they finally made it to the pole and were 8._(shock) to find that they had failed to win the race.on their 9._(dead)return journey，they still found time to look for rocks.their great courage made them into 10._(hero)【答案】1.between2.on3.made4.pulling5.to arrive6.but7.disagreed8.shocked 9deadly10.heroes on ones way 在途中(教材p28)on his way，he received a message from the norwegian explorer roald amundsen.在途中，他收到一条来自挪威探险家罗尔德阿蒙森的信息all the way一路上by the way 顺便说in the way 阻碍in a way 在某种程度上in no way 决不i ran all the way and caught the bus，eventually.我一路跑着最后终于赶上了汽车。the good service made up for the poor food in the hotel in a way.酒店良好的服务在某种程度上弥补了其食品的不足。in no way will_i_give_in我决不投降。名师点津(1)in no way“决不”，表示否定意义，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。(2)on ones way to中的介词to，后跟副词时应省略。如：on ones way home在某人回家的路上。 preparation n. 准备，预备；配制品(教材p28).both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.两队人都建立了食物基地，为他们下一年的旅程做准备。(1)in preparation for为做准备make preparations for 为做准备be in preparation 在准备中(2)prepare v. 准备prepare for sth. 为做准备(强调动作)be prepared for sth. 为做好准备(强调状态)prepare to do sth. 准备做某事tom is studying in preparation for the next examination.tom is making preparations for the next examination.汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。i immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her.我马上去给她拿了些药然后为她做了些面条。名师点津(1)prepare意为“准备”，其宾语为要准备的内容。(2)prepare for意为“为做准备”，for的宾语一般只是谓语动作所要达到的目的。 shock vt.震惊；惊骇 n震惊(教材p28)they were shocked when they saw the norwegian flag.当他们看到挪威国旗时，感到非常震惊。(1)to ones shock令某人震惊的是it shocks sb.to do sth. 令某人害怕/震惊的是(2)shocked adj. 震惊的be shocked at 对震惊(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的it shocks you when something like that happens.发生那样的事，使人觉得震惊。i was shocked(shock) at the news of her death.我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。his attitude was shocking(shock) to her.他的态度令她感到震惊。 run out(of sth.) 完成，用完；(指物)被用完，被耗尽(教材p28)the men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.队员们很快就筋疲力竭了，食品也快吃完了。run into碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到run over (车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览run after 追逐；追求run across 无意间碰到we went too fast round the corner and ran into a lamppost.我们拐弯的时候太快了，撞到了路灯柱上。he was run over and killed by a bus.他被公共汽车轧死了。(牛津词典)the dog was running after a rabbit.狗在追一只兔子。名师点津“用完”的不同run out of “用完”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人，可用于被动语态；run out “用完”(become used up)，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词，不能用于被动语态；use up “用完”，是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。 have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难(教材p28)the next to go was captain oates，who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走非常困难。have some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth.theres some/much/great/little/no difficulty(in)doing/with sth.做某事有一些/许多/很大/一点/没有困难have a problem(in)doing sth.做某事有问题have a difficult time(in)doing sth. 做某事有困难have fun(in)doing sth.做某事很有趣；从做某事中获得乐趣there is no difficulty in explaining her statements to him.向他解释她的陈述没什么困难。he had much difficulty in finishing(finish) the task.完成这项任务他有很大困难。 (教材p28)scott and two of his team members carried_on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.斯科特上校和两名同伴继续向前，到达距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。(1)carry on 继续做某事carry on继续做某事carry away拿走carry out 进行(实验)，实施(计划)，履行(义务、约定)carry sb.through 帮助某人渡过难关our planes carried out a bombing raid on enemy targets.我们的飞机执行了一项轰炸敌方目标的任务。youll have an accident if you carry on driving(drive) like that.如果你继续像那样开车你会出事的。despite powerful opposition，they managed to carry their reforms through尽管遇到了强大的阻力，他们还是设法进行了改革。(2)within prep.在里面；在内部within ones reach触手可及within sight 在视线范围内within ones power 力所能及within the limit of 在范围内keep the dictionary within your reach.把字典放在你够得着的地方。do whats within your power！尽力而为！名师点津within和in都可用来表时间，within指期限之内，而in既可指期限之内又可指期限之外。 aim n目标；目的v.瞄准，对准；力求达到，力争做到；目的是，旨在(教材p29)aims of exploration：探索的目标：with the aim of.有的目的take aim at 瞄准without aim 漫无目的地aim at doing. 力求达到；力争做到aim at/for. 努力取得aim to do. 力争做到be aimed at 目的是，旨在she went to london with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。the programme is aimed(aim) at teenage audience.这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。图形助记瞄准目标学aim patience nu 忍耐力，耐心；坚忍，坚持，毅力(1)be out of patience with 对再也不能忍耐have no patience with 不能容忍with patience 耐心地lose patience with 对失去耐心(2)be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心be patient of sth. 忍耐某事(牛津词典)she is very patient with young children.她对幼儿很有耐心。he doesnt have the patience(patient) to sit reading every day.他没有耐心整天坐着看书。图形助记patient的一词多义.语境填词1now that all the _(prepare)work has been done，you can start the task.2when the news came out，everyone was _(shock)3it was exacting work and required all his _(patient)4he succeeded because of his _(ambitious) and generous spirit.5the doctor said the old mans condition was _(hope)【答案】1.preparation2.shocked3.patience4.ambition5.hopeless.完成句子1许多伤员死在去医院的途中了。many of the wounded died _2虽有困难，他们还是设法使试验继续下去。they managed to_in spite of the difficulties. 【导学号：81152018】3我们的煤用光了，只好烧柴。we _，and had to burn wood.4那孩子呼吸困难时，他们把他放进氧气帐里。they placed the child in an oxygen tent when he _5它的目的是制止黑市交易。it _ the black market.【答案】1.on their way to hospital2.carry on their experiments3.ran out of coal4.had difficulty in breathing5.is aimed at stopping (教材p28)then_came_the_total_darkness_of_the_polar_winter.接着，漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。【要点提炼】这是一个倒装句，主语是the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语动词为came。倒装的原因是句子的主语太长，为了保持句子平衡而把谓语动词came直接置于主语之前，这种倒装称为完全倒装。使用完全倒装句的几种情况：(1)在以here，there，then，now，out，in，up，down，away，ahead等副词开头的句子中，常使用完全倒装。但是如果句子的主语是代词，则句子不倒装。(2)表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长又无宾语时，一般要倒装。(3)为了平衡句子的结构，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语，谓语部分较短时