letter writing.doc

The Layout of a LetterThe heading, the inside address, the salutation, the body, the complimentary close, the signature, the postscript (P.S.), the enclosure (Enc.) The headingThe inside addressThe salutation, (the way we address the receiver) The body The complimentary close Yours/ Truly The signatureP.S. (postscript)Enc. (附件)：two photos 1、信头（Heading） 信头就是写信人的地址和写信日期。信头位于信笺的右上角，一般从信笺中间或稍右落笔，先写寄信人地址，后写日期。其次序是：第一行写门牌号码，路名和邮政信箱；第二行写市（县），省（州，郡）名，寄往国外的信件要加国家的名称；第三行写寄信日期。如果寄信人的地址是机关，则另写，将其作为第一行。如果寄信人的单位没有门牌号码和路名，则第一行写班级，专业，第二行写系，第三行写学校，第四行写市（县），省，第五行写日期。例如：(business letter)76# Brooklyn Avenue New York 9, N.Y., U.S.A.March 21,2006 Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road,Nanjing, China,March 21,2006English Section, class 7801 Foreign Language Department,Nanjing University,Nanjing, Jiangsu Province,March 21,2006Personal letter: Mar. 21, 2006Mar. 21, 2006 (American)21 Mar. 2006 (Britain and European)2、信内地址（Inside Address） 在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。它位于信笺的左上角，从左边略低于写信日期一，二行处顶格写起。先写姓名和头衔，后写地址，其排列次序与写信人地址的先后次序要求一样，用什么格式，行末是否用标点，也应与写信人地址的写法一致。(1) 根据收信人性别分别在姓氏前加Mr. Mrs. Miss.等。Mr.(Mister)冠用于男子姓氏前，复数为Messrs. 相当于 Gentlemen.。Mrs(Mistress) 用于以婚女子，之后接其夫之姓(family name)，如：Mrs. SmithMrs.的复数为Mmes. (Mesdames)，用于妇女组织的公司，社团等名称前。Miss.用于未婚女子，其复数为Misses.(2) 根据收信人的身份冠于学位，头衔等，常用的有：Dr.(Doctor) 冠于博士之姓前Rev. (Reverend) 冠于神职人员的姓名前Prof.(Professor) 冠于教授的姓名前Pres. Clinton (President) 冠于总经理，会长，大学校长，总统姓名前Hon.(Honorable) 冠于市长，内阁成员，议员，大使，法官等姓名前(3) 如果收信人是机关或单位，一般不写个人名字，而写负责人的职务名称，如The Manager, The President 等3、称呼（Salutation） 是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也可以用冒号（美国式）。 （1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：My dear father，Dear Tom/Bill等。 （2）写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam，Dear Sir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加Dear，是Dear Sir的复数形式。 （3）也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr. John Smith。(more formal and respectful) Dear Tim(given name) / Prof. Scales(family name)Dear Prof. Tim Scales(full name)4、正文（Body of the Letter） 位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好！） 正文有缩进式(indented/modified style )和齐头式(blocked style)两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。 但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式，用齐头式，即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。 5、结束语（Complimentary Close） 在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。 （1）写给家人、亲戚，用Your loving grandfather，Lovingly yours，Lovingly等； Your lovingly son,（2）写给熟人、朋友，用Yours cordially，Yours affectionately等； （3）写业务信函用Truly yours（Yours truly），Faithfully yours（Yours faithfully）等； （4）对上级、长辈用Yours obediently（Obediently yours），Yours respectfully（Respectfully yours）等。 Yours / Truly 6、签名（Signature） 低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始，在结束语的正下方，在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字，以便识别 (business letters) 。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然，写给亲朋好友的信，就不必再打了。 7、附言（Postscript） 一封信写完了，突然又想起遗漏的事情，这时用P.S.表示，再写上遗漏的话即可，要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方，应于正文齐头。 注意：在正式的信函中，应避免使用附言。 8、附件（Enclosure） 信件如果有附件，可在信纸的左下角，注上Encl：或Enc：，例如：Encl：2 photos（内附两张照片）。如果附件不止一项，应写成Encl：或Encs。 9. 信封格式 （the format of the envelope）见课本的9899页。Letter of Application for a job求职信分为推荐信(recommendation letter)和自荐信(self-introduction letter)两种，概括说来应该包括下列信息：1. To explain where the applicant has got the information about the vacancy.(the very beginning of the letter) For example, he can learn it from his friends, or in the advertisement, or in some papers, or he just wants to try his luckResume complete list of basic information 2. To Present personal information. This part should be a description of the applicants: age, sex, education, working experience and specialty. It is in this section that the applicant presents his advantages or qualifications for the position. Details are encouraged, but the applicant should bear it in mind that exaggeration or false descriptions are not allowed in the letter.3. To claim your referees（推荐人）.The applicant is well advised to enclose in the letter the names as well as the addresses of two or three referees after he has got their permission. Referees are of great importance for obtaining a job, for they are the best and most persuasive support for the candidates potential, merits and strength. SAMPLE: I have obtained permission to give the names of the following persons as references: Professor Song Xieli, Director, English Department, Haitai University; Mr. Wang Qing, Manager, Human Resource Department, Chinese Import & Export Corporation. (Telephone numbers and e-mail address)4. To inquire the chance of an interview.写求职信可按下列几个步骤进行。第一步：介绍消息来源介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句，它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅；而不介绍消息来源，会使收信人感到意外、突然，文章也缺乏过渡、照应。Dear manager, I learned from the newspaper (source) that your company wanted to hire an English translator. (position)Dear manager, I recently learned from the Journal of Medical Science that you have openings /vacancy /position for cancer researchers.Dear sir,I was interested to read in your magazine Go by Air, that you require airhostesses.Dear Ms. Osborn,one of your former employees, Stefan Moore, told me that you often hire extra clerks during the summer months. If you will be needing additional help for the coming summer, I would like to be considered for work.Dear manager,I am writing to apply for the Client Account Coordinator, which was advertised May 4th with the Career Services Center at Florida State University.Dear Sir,Having noticed the enclosed advertisement in this mornings South China Daily, I wish to apply for the position of sales manager.I understand from Mr. William that there is an opening for a reporter on the staff of the New York Sun.According to this mornings Times / China Daily, you want an experienced efficient secretary.第二步：表明求职心愿介绍完消息来源后，应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿，即写信的目的。 Im interested in this job very much. Id like to get this job. Please consider my qualification and experience when you select applicants for these positions.I believe that I have the training, experience and qualities that you are looking for.第三步：介绍个人简历某单位需要新人，求职人也有求职心愿，但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没有干好这项工作的经历、实力，也是难以适应的。因此，介绍个人简历是必不可少的。Information about yourself concerning with the job you are applying for.Cancer researchers As you can see from my resume, I have a Ph.D. degree in biology and have worked for more than ten years in the field of cell growth and division. In the course of my research, I have developed a strong interest in the early detection of cancer cells and have published several papers on this subject.I am 21 years of age. After graduating from high school, I took a two-year business course in Foshan Commercial School, studying both bookkeeping and typewriting. I now wish to enter an office where the work requires great individual responsibility and judgment, and where there is an opportunity for achievements.I am strong and alert, and shall be twenty years of age in July next year. At present I am a student in the Civil Engineering College of CUMT but I shall graduate from the college this coming July, finishing the requirements in three years. I have had no business/working experience, but my college record has been good. A copy of my antecedents is enclosed for your reference. 第四步：摆出求职优势仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长，也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此，求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外，还具有一定的优势和特长，这样才能稳操胜券。I work hard and I can get along well with others. Im good at English and especially my spoken English is very good. Ive translated many Chinese books into English. I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely. My former associates /employers will tell you that I am neat, accurate and painstaking in my work, that I am tactful and courteous, and that I am resourceful, loyal to the job, and of pleasing personality.I am conscientious and have an agreeable personality and appearance, and I get along well with everyone.第五步：请求答复联系为准确起见，请求答复联系时你应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou city. My telephone number is 3654371. I am free to attend an interview on any day except Mondays and Fridays.I am free to come for an interview on any Thursdays or Saturdays, but can arrange to come at some other time if that is more convenient for you.I look forward to discussing my background and qualifications with you. If you would like to schedule an interview or otherwise discuss my interest in the position, I can be reached at (218) 365-3333.I should welcome a personal interview at your convenience.第六步：表明感激之情(appreciation )无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复，你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦，因此你应向对方表明感激之情。Thank you very much.Thank you very much for your time and consideration.上述六步内容联成一个整体，再加上下面的信尾，就成为一封完整的求职信。求职信开头处常用语1. My interest in the position of Masonry Supply Manager has prompted me to forward my resume for your review and consideration. 2. The sales Manager position advertised in the Chicago Tribune on October 12 intrigues me. I believe you will find me well-qualified.3. Your October 30 advertisement in The Jackson Review calls for an Administrative Assistant with a background rich in a variety of administrative skills ,such as mine.4. My desire to locate a responsible position in plant management has prompted me to forward the attached for your consideration.5. I am writing to inquire opportunities for computer programmers in your organization.6. Are you currently seeking a security specialist to maintain or upgrade the security of your organization? If so, I would like to apply for the position.7. My interest in joining Any Corporation as a licensed electrician had prompted me to forward my resume for your review.8. Having majored in mathematics at Rice University, where I also worked as a Research Assistant, I am confident that I would make a successful addition to your Economics Research Department.9. At the suggestion of Walter Durrane, I am enclosing my resume for your consideration pertaining to consulting or related assignments with Any Corporation.10. I am forwarding my resume in regards to the opening we discussed in your Marketing Department.求职信结尾处常用语1. I should appreciate the privilege of an interview. I may be reached by letter at the address given above, or by telephone at 1234651.2. I feel that a personal meeting would give us the opportunity to discuss your short-and long-term objectives and my ability to direct your organization towards successfully achieving those goals.3. I should be glad to have a personal interview, and can provide references if desired.4. Thank you for your consideration.5. I feel confident that given the opportunity, I can make an immediate contribution to Any Corporation. I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss your requirements.6. I welcome the opportunity to meet with you to further discuss my qualifications and your needs. Thank you for your time and consideration.7. I have enclosed a resume as well as a brief sample of my writing for your review. I look forward to meeting with you to discuss further how I could contribute to your organization.8. Thank you for your attention to this matter. I look forward to speaking with you.9. The enclosed resume describes my qualifications for the position advertised. I would welcome the opportunity to personally discuss my qualifications with you at your convenience.10. I would welcome the opportunity for a personal interview with you at your convenience. 求职信范例例子1 （the blocked style 齐头式）AApril 7, 2002 (Inside address)Mr. Ray HanksManager of Human ResourcesWayne Investments, Inc.1023 Central AvenueTempa, FL 19122(post code)Dear Mr. Hanks:I am writing to apply for the Client Account Coordinator, which was advertised May 4th with the Career Services Center at Florida State University. I have enclosed a copy of my resume for your review. I believe that I have the training, experience and qualities that you are looking for.According to the advertisement, your position requires excellent communication skills, computer literacy/proficiency, and a B.S. degree in Finance. My studies have included courses in computer science, management information systems, speech communications, and business writing. I understand the position also requires a candidate who is team and detail-oriented, works well under pressure, and is able to deal with people in departments throughout the firm. These are skills I developed both in my course work and in my recent internship(实习) at Liberty Mutual, Inc. in Orlando, Florida.Your job description suggests that our relationship could be mutually beneficial. I am confident that I can perform the job effectively, and I am excited about the idea of working for a dynamic/energetic, nationally recognized investment management firm.I look forward to discussing my background and qualifications with you. If you would like to schedule an interview or otherwise discuss my interest in the position, I can be reached at (218) 365-3333.Sincerely,Tom Sherman例子2 (the modified style 混合式) 98 Tianjin Rd. Huangshi 435000 Jan.20, 200655 Hangkong Rd.Wuhan 430030Dear Sir/ Madam: I wish to apply for a position with your company as a department head. I am twenty-six years old and at present employed by the Riverside Company where I have been for the past two years. Formerly I was employed by Changjiang Export Co. where it was nearly three years. my only reason for leaving either of these positions would be to better myself, and I feel there is no future opportunity in my present position. I wish to serve in a large company like yours, to provide me with ample opportunities to learn new things. I can give you reference from both these firms as to my character and ability as department head. My present salary is $1 000 per month, and I would not care to accept less in another position, but I am willing to start at the same salary, provided there is an opportunity for advancement. Yours faithfully, Li Wenjian推荐信的写作推荐信虽然会因为推荐人的不同而在内容上有不同的侧重点，但模式上大体来说还是有规律可循的。一封推荐信应该提供如下信息：who you are, your connection with the person you are recommending, why they are qualified and the specific skills they have。此外，还应该包括联系方式，以便用人单位可以了解、确认情况。 1. Salutation 如果你的推荐信是要给某一个人的，你应该加上称呼，例如Dear Dr. Smith, Dear Mr. Jones，等等。如果你的推荐信非常general，你在称呼的地方写To Whom it May Concern, 或者不写称呼也可以。 2. Paragraph 1 推荐信的第一段应该说明你和被推荐人的关系，包括你是怎么认识他/她的，还有你写这封推荐信的资格。 3. Paragraph 2 推荐信的第二段应该包括被推荐人的个人信息，说明他/她的资格、能力，还有你为什么要为他/她写推荐信。如果必要的话，可以分几段来描述细节。 4. Paragraph 3 如果是推荐被推荐人应聘某个职位，推荐信应该描述这个人的能力能适合他/她所要求的职位。可以参考招聘广告上对职位的要求和被推荐人的简历一起来写。 5. Summary 主要内容叙述清楚后，还应该加一个简短的总结。总结部分应该再简述一下你为什么要推荐这个人。可以写上I highly recommend the person，I recommend the person without reservation 或者其他类似的话。 6. Conclusion 推荐信的结尾部分应该写上你愿意提供更多的详细信息，要注明你的电话号码，联系方式和email address。 7. 最后，还要写上下面这一段： Sincerely, Writers NameTitle(Phone number / Mailing address) 范文 1 老师推荐自己的学生，着重描述了自己学生的能力和品格，以表达这位学生确实能胜任她将要担任的工作。 To Whom It May Concern, Im writing this reference letter on behalf of Betty Yang. I have been Bettys supervisor for four years at Nanjing University. During these four years, I have watched her rapidly advance from an entry-level position to a senior one. Ive never hesitated to recommend her for promotion when positions became available. Betty derives satisfaction from helping our customers troubleshoot problems. Many of those who have received help from Betty specifically ask for her if they need to contact support again, and for good reason: Shes professional, courteous and quick to help. She is skilled and tackles problems without prompting. I often see Betty in our lab before or after work hours, working on problems. Betty is a team player who is always willing to share her knowledge with others. For example, thanks to Bettys willingness to share the trouble-ticket notes she so meticulously recorded and compiled, our department was able to create a step-by-step online troubleshooting guide for our field engineers. Consequently, weve seen an increase in customer satisfaction, a reduction in complaints, and significant savings for the department. I have nothing but good things to say about Betty and I would strongly recommend her for any endeavor she chooses. Please dont hesitate to contact me if you need any more information. Sincerely, SignatureTom GreenSupervisor*.com 范文2 下面是一封副总裁为被裁员的员工写的推荐信。信中副总裁说明了该员工被裁员并非员工本身的原因，而是因为公司业务的调整，并且肯定了员工的个人能力和对公司的贡献，另外，还向新公司推荐这位员工可以胜任的职位。To Whom it May Concern: Scott Smith worked for me at XYZ Technologies for three years as a senior technical instructor. I am writing this letter to confirm that his recent layoff from XYZ was not in any way tied to his performance, and to highly recommend him as an employee with your organization. Had I been given the choice, I would not have laid Scott off. But it was not my decision to make. XYZ decided to withdraw from the PC market, balance expenses with the anticipated reduction in sales revenue, and hire a consulting firm to evaluate long-term staffing needs. As a result, XYZ drastically reduced the size of its workforce by dissolving the entire PC division, including the technical training department. Unfortunately, this major reorganization left no other position open for Scott. We regretfully had to l