北师大版高二选修七教案：Unit 21 period 2.docx

the second period grammar ()teaching goals 教学目标1. target language 目标语言if ( in the conditional sentences ) , continent2. ability goals能力目标enable the students to use the conditional sentences.1. learning ability goals学能目标 help the students learn how to use the conditional sentences correctly.teaching important points教学重点how to use the conditional sentences.teaching difficult points教学难点1. how to use the conditional sentences.2. finish the task of the conditionals.teaching methods教学方法generalization, transformation and practiceteaching aids教具准备a projector and some slides teaching procedures & ways教学过程与教学方式step revision and lead-in t: at the end of last period, i asked you to find out all the sentences in italics in the articlesuper athletes. have you finished collecting these sentences in italics? how many sentences in italics are there in this article?ss: there are seven sentences in italics in this article.t: right. then who would like to present these sentences?s: i would like to do it.1. many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records if they had taken part in the first olympic games.2. if records fall, it is usually due to better equipment, training and diet.3. ben johnson would still be the 100 metres world holder if he had not been caught taking drugs in the 1988 olympics.4. if current olympic champion, marion jones, took such drugs, she would probably have broken that world record more than once.5. unless we are careful, “gene-therapy” will be the next big threat.6. if gene-therapy were used now, it would be almost impossible to find out.7. if a generation of sports stars with enhanced genes were created, it would contradict the whole spirit of sport.t: great. you have done a good job.in this period, students are expected to review some conditional sentences they have learned before, and then they will learn different usage of the real and unreal conditionals. if students want to know more about the usage , they can read the detailed explanation that are included in the appendix (附件). teachers may distribute them to students for reference.step the conditional sentencesshow the students the sentences they present above on the screen and have them find out the differences among them. it aims to help them to tell the differences among them.t: now i will show you some sentences on the screen. please read these sentences and compare the different ways in which the conditionals are expressed then point out the real and the unreal conditionals. do you know what the differences between the real and the unreal conditionals are?s: the unreal conditionals are sentences in which the form of a verb expresses wishes, possibility and uncertainty.t: quite right. they are all introduced by the word “if”. the unreal conditionals are sentences in which the form of a verb expresses wishes, possibility and uncertainty while the real conditionals are the sentences or clauses that begin with “if” or “unless” and express a condition. t: now lets turn to page 35, ex 5. read the sentences in exercise 4 , can you describe the situations that are true or could possibly happen? or can you describe situations that are imaginary, unreal or contrary to the facts?sample answers:1. its imaginary, unreal and contrary to the facts.2. it describes a situation that is imaginary, unreal and contrary to the facts.3. it describes a situation that is contrary to the facts and unreal.4. it is imaginary, unreal and contrary to the facts.t: look at these four sentences, what time does each condition (underlined) in the sentence refer to: past, present or future? what tense is used? lets complete the table below.conditiontime referenceverb form1the presentpast simple2the presentpast simple3the pasthad + past participle4the pasthad + past participlet: what time does the result in the sentences refer to: past or present? what verb form is used?resulttime referenceverb form1the pastwould + perfect infinitive2the pastwould + perfect infinitive3the presentwould + verb4the presentwould + verbtask 3 explanationt: this is a structure used to talk about unreal, imaginary or contrary to the facts situations in the present, in the future or in the past. please pay attention to the verb forms of each clause and main sentence and then i will explain how it is formed, and when we use it.students are expected to master these and to apply what they have learned to their future study.the teacher can use the following diagram to help students to understand the conditionals.if clausemain clausen the presentpast simple ( bewere )would( should, could, might )+ verbin the futurepast simple ( bewere )or should + verbor were to + verbwould( should, could, might )+ verbin the pasthad + past participlewould(should, could, might)+have past participlet: maybe its hard for us to remember these situations, so it needs practising repeatedly. there are some sentences about these situations on the screen for us to practise.if we left now, we should arrive in good time.( thats impossible. )we can not leave now, so we will not arrive in good time.we would have dropped by if we had had time. (thats unreal. ) because we didnt have time, we couldnt drop by.if the hurricane had happened during the day time, there would have been many more deaths. (thats unreal. ) because the hurricane happened at night, there were fewer deaths.if you lived there for a while, you would change your mind. (thats not going to happen.) you dont live there for a while, so you will not change your mind.if he came tomorrow, we could ask him. (thats not going to happen.) he will not come tomorrow, so we cant ask him. t: if you need more and further information, please read grammar summary 5, page 101. now, please turn to page 35, ex.7. its about mixed conditional sentences in which there are mixed time reference between the “if” clauses and the main sentences, for example, the past conditionals with present consequences, the present conditionals with past consequences, etc.sample answers:1. if john werent so fat, he would have had to have the seat in his car repaired.if john werent so fat, he would have joined a basketball team at school.if john werent so fat, he wouldnt have had problems losing weight but is now of average build.2. if jessica hadnt been a world-class dancer since she was 11, she wouldnt suffer from back problems.if jessica hadnt been a world-class dancer since she was 11, she wouldnt be a famous person now.if jessica hadnt been a world-class dancer since she was 11, she wouldnt be able to support her family.t: i will write some adjectives on the chalkboard, you can choose any of them to say a sentence to your partners. these words are: lazy / hardworking, sociable / shy, well organized / disorganizedsample answers:1. if i were more hardworking, i would have studied harder and passed the last chemistry test.2. if i werent shy, i wouldnt have lost such a good opportunity.3. if i werent disorganized, i would have made a unforgettable impression on him.all these sentences are about the present conditionals with the past consequences.step consolidationlet the students do the following exercises to practise what they have learned in this period. ex.9 on page 35. ask the students to write abou