2009年北京卷英语高考阅读理解部分翻译解析(含答案解析).doc

2009年北京卷英语高考阅读理解部分翻译解析 刘金路老师翻译解析QQ 872969615A How I Turned to Be Optimistic 我如何变得更加乐观 I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunts house, and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morning. 那年冬天，当我的父母和我往家赶的时候，我感觉自己开始长大了，母亲说，我们不就可能要搬到美国去住。之后我们上了公交车。我当时在哭，车上的很多人都看我。我记着，自己真是无法忍受那样的想法，就是自己再也无法听到学校专门为孩子们播放的节目了。I do not remember myself crying for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see-the strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then. 我记得自己再也没有因为这件事情哭过。事实上，我感觉自己在向朋友们和亲戚们告别的时候，我几乎也没怎么哭过。当我们要离开的时候，我想想了一下自己要去的所有地方，那都是一些比较陌生的地方，都是以前只能从书本和图片中才能看得到的。The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but the idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really losthaving to study in three schools as a result of family moves. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, and saw no end to the hard times. 接下来的四年教给了我乐观的重要性，但是这样的想法并不是立刻就能有的。在纽约的前两年，我很迷茫，由于家庭的不断搬迁我只好在三所学校学习。我当时搞不清楚自己什么样子也不知道自己应该是什么样子。母亲再次结婚，很多事情对我来讲变得更加复杂。很长时间之后，我跟继父才互相比较适应。我经常比较悲伤，对当时困难的生活看不到尽头。My responsibilities in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters, filled out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives. 自从我的英语比家中其他人都好以来，我在家庭中的责任就开始增加了。我写信，填表格，与移民局沟通时担任翻译，送奶奶去看医生，甚至是跟公司代表商谈电话账单。From my experiences I have learned one important rule: almost all common troubles eventually go away! Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, even though it will not be that easy. 从我的经历中，我学到了一条非常重要的原则：几乎所有的困难最终都会解决掉的。只要你不放弃，很多好的事情一定会到来。我相信，我的生活尽管不会很容易，但最终一定会好起来的。56. How did the author get to know America? A. From her relatives. B. From her mother. C. From books and pictures. D. From radio programs. 【答案】C【解析】本题属于细节理解题。第二段第四行我们可以知道答案为C。57. Upon leaving for America the author felt_. A. confused B. excited C. worried D. amazed 【答案】B 【解析】本题属于推测，第二段前两行已经告诉我们作者离开的时候感受到的不是困惑和担忧，而是兴奋。58. For the first two years in New York, the author _. A. often lost her way B. did not think about her future C. studied in three different schoolsD. got on well with her stepfather 【答案】C【解析】本题属于细节理解题。由For the first two years in New York I was really losthaving to study in three schools as a result of family moves.可以得知答案。59. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4? A. She worked as a translator. B. She attended a lot of job interviews. C. She paid telephone bills for her family. D. She helped her family with her English. 【答案】D 【解析】本题属于综合判断题，第四段用很多例子表明他用他的英语在帮助家人。 60.The author believes that_. A. her future will be free from troubles B. it is difficult to learn to become patient C. there are more good things than bad things D. good things will happen if one keeps trying 【答案】D【解析】本题属于推理判断题。由最后一段话最后三行可以知道答案。 B Dear Friend, 亲爱的朋友 The recent success of childrens books has made the general public aware that theres a huge market out there. 最近儿童书籍的成功使的大众意识到了有很大的市场。 And theres a growing need for new writers trained to create the $3 billion worth of childrens books bought each year . plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers. 对于新作家的需要正不断增加，并且会创造30亿美元的利润，加上一些故事书及文章，超过650多为孩子及青少年的出版物。 Who are these needed writers? Theyre ordinary folks like you and me. 谁才是这些需要的作家呢？他们就是向你和我这样的普通人。 But am I good enough? 但是我是足够好吗？ I was once where you might be now. My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt, and I didnt know where to turn for help. 我当时就处在你现在的位置上。我写作的一些想法被我的自我怀疑打消了，我也不知道该去哪儿求助。Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude（潜能）, and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed. 之后，我接受了一次免费的咨询，这次咨询主要是测试我的写作潜能，它最终成了我所需要的那种激励。The promise that paid off 许诺会成真！ The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability: 这个机构对我许下了同样的诺言，他也会对你许下同样的诺言，前提是你得显现出基本的写作能力。 You will complete at least one manuscript（手稿） suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course. 到你完成我们所学的课程时，你将至少能完成一篇适宜发表的手稿。 I really didnt expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened. I sold three stories. And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute. 完成这次课程之前，我的确不想发表任何的出版物，但是我的确在这之前出版了。我买了三本故事书。不久，我就发现在那家机构自己还真不平常。 Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published childrens books and over 300 stories and articles. 自从毕业以来，我编撰了34种全国的儿童故事书，还有超过300多故事和文章。 Free test and brochure 免费测试及小册子 We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training. 我们提供一种免费的能力测试并且将会送给你一份我们自己复印的小册子， Realize your writing dream today. Theres nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever. 今天就实现你的梦想吧。没有比永远消失了的梦想再让人伤心的事情了。 Sincerely, Kristi Holl, Instructor Institute of Childrens Literature 60. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that_. A. childrens books are usually best sellers B. publishers are making $3 billion each year C. magazines for teenagers have drawn public attention D. there is a growing need for writers of childrens books 【答案】D【解析】本题属于推理判断题，前三段话从不同方面告诉我们急需儿童书籍的作者。 62. When finishing the course, you are promised to_. A. be a successful publisher B. become a confident editor C. finish one work for publication D. get one story or article published 【答案】C 【解析】本题属于细节题，由第五段话中的You will complete at least one manuscript（手稿） suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.可以知道答案。 63. Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to_. A. prove she is a good instructor B. promote the writing program C. give her advice on course preparation D. show she sold more stories than article【答案】B 【解析】本题属于细节题，Kristi Holl用自己的例子证明该项目的可行性，同时也宣传了该项目。 C How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings房间设计如何影响我们的工作和感觉 Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（经验的，实证的） basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation. 建筑师们长期以来一直有这样一种感觉，我们所居住的很多地方都会影响我们的想法，感觉和行为！但是，现在，很多科学家正在给于这种感觉具体的实际证据！他们正努力研究如何设计一些空间，从而可以提高创造力，保持注意力，并且使自己更加放松！Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a rooms ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. 很多研究都表明，物理环境的很多方面都可以影响创造力。据报道，房间天花板的高度可以影响人们的思考。同时，研究也表明，天花板越高越会使人们更加自由的思考，这也可以让他们有更多抽象的联系！另外，低一些的天花板可以激发出更加详细的轮廓！ In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupants ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.除了天花板的高度以外，建筑物所在的角度也会影响住在里边的人的集中注意力的能力。Nancy Wells和他的同事们发现，由于家庭的搬迁而经历过更多绿色的孩子们会在注意力的标准测试上取得更多的收获！ Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.利用自然来提高注意力在学术上应该是可以的。Tanner和他的团队发现，在一个外部50英尺的距离不被遮挡的教室中学习的学生们会在词汇测试，语言艺术及数学考试中取得更高一些的成绩，这要优于那些外部由道路及停车场遮挡的教室中的学生。 Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim（暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax. 最近对房间亮度的研究表明，暗一些光会让人们放松下来。如果确实如此的话，在晚餐或者舞会期间，让灯光暗一些会使人们更加放松。来自哈佛医疗学校的调查者们发现，带有圆边的家具会让参观者们放松下来！So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. We have a very limited number of studies, so were almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）, architect David Allison says. How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? Thats what were all struggling with. 迄今为止，很多科学家把主要精力放在了公共建筑物上。“我们的研究还是比较有限的，因此，我们总是通过吸管来看待问题。”“ 你如何才能回答那些非常具体详细的问题并做出比较概括的应用呢？那正是我们一直努力的事情！”64. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research? A. Light. B. Ceilings. C. Windows. D. Furniture. 【答案】B【解析】本题属于细节理解题，根据第二段内容可知Joan Meyers-Levy focus on ceilings.从而推知答案。 65. The passage tells us that _. A. the shape of furniture may affect peoples feelings B. lower ceilings may help improve students creativity C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed 【答案】A【解析】本题属于细节判断题，根据文中内容可知B，C，D是错误的。66. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that _. A. the problem is not approached step by step B. the researches so far have faults in themselves C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns 【答案】D【解析】本题属于句意猜测题，根据划线句子后面的一句话可知该题的答案。 67. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion 【答案】C【解析】本题属于文章结构的考查。注意解题技巧。第一段为总要点，最后一段为结论，要点123共同服务于结论，重要的是要点二又包含了两个次要点。综上分析可知答案为C。 D When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority（优先）. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students. 当学生及家长们被问到对学生所学科目重要性的评价时，艺术这一科通常会位列最后。人们似乎会说，音乐的确很好，但是并不重要。它经常被认为是一种消遣或者娱乐，但在教育上并没有优先的地位。这种观点其实比较短浅。事实上，音乐教育对所有的学生们来讲比较有优势并且非常重要。Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came. influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society. 音乐会告诉我们是谁。因为音乐是创造音乐助人的一种表达，它除了反映一些作者所来自的社会环境外，还反映他们的思想及价值观。George Gershwin以及其他的一些音乐家门所带入他们音乐中的影响力很明显是影响美国人的，因为他们的音乐就来自于美国的传统。音乐会表达我们的性格和价值观。它也会给与我们一种对社会的认同。Music provides a kind of perception（感知）that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive（情感的）meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all. 音乐会给我们提供一种感知，而这种感知是别的任何形式都无法做到的。科学可以解释太阳的升起和落下。艺术可以探索相同自然现象的情感意义。我们需要每一种可以发现并能够对我们的自然世界作出回应的方式，因为没有任何一种方式可以解释所有的现象。The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses. 艺术是一种思想方式，就如同数学及科学象征一样具有非凡的力量。 他们是我们人类互相谈论的方式。他们是一些文化语言，通过这样的语言，我们可以表达我们的恐惧，好奇，饥饿，发现以及希望。艺术还是一种方式，我们可以赋予其我们的想法及想象力，从而它们可以与别的人们共享。当我们无法给予孩子们一种像音乐这种重要的表达自我的方式的话，就无法去体会音乐所表达的具体含义。Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.科学技术无法告诉我们人类到底意味着什么。而艺术就可以。音乐是一种表达遭遇，喜庆及和平与友爱真实意义和价值的重要方式。 So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize. 因此，音乐教育要比人们所意识到的更加必要，更加重要。 68. According to Paragraph 1, students . A. regard music as a way of entertainment B. disagree with their parents on education C. view music as an overlooked subject D. prefer the arts to science 【答案】A【解析】本题属于细节判断题，从第一段我们可以知道，学生们一般把music列为entertainment，列为not important。所以正确的答案为A 69. In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz an example to . A. compare it with rock music B. show music identifies a society C. introduce American musical traditions D. prove music influences peoples lifestyles 【答案】B【解析】本题属于推理判断题，通过第二段最后三行的描述，特别是最后一句话，我们可以断定该题的正确答案为B。 70. According to the passage, the arts and science . A. approach the world from different angles B. explore different phenomena of the world C express peoples feelings in different ways D. explain what it means to be human differently 【答案】A【解析】本题属于推理判断题。通读文章我们知道艺术和科学从不同的角度来审视社会，而不是用不同的方式来表达人们的情感。 71. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Music education deserves more attention. B. Music should be of top education priority. C. Music is an effective communication tool. D. Music education makes students more imaginative. 【答案】A【解析】本题属于主旨大意题。第一段话引出话题，表明人们对音乐的不重视，然后作者从不同方面来论证自己的观点：音乐应该得到人们更多的关注。 E Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and ,at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively（不引人注目地）and leave no mark. 野营是一种体会大自然很好的方式，当然，也会对环境造成一定的影象。但是随着想进入自然世界的人们的数量的增多，不会引起人们注意并且不会留下任何痕迹的野营变得越来越重要了。Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowners permission, except in national parks. 野营在很多地方是不允许的，尤其是在比较拥挤的英格兰。无论你身处何地，都会发现一些负责管理野外环境的机构并且可以联系他们了解到与野营相关的政策。例如说，在苏格兰边远地区野营是比较好的，但是在英格兰的话，除了在国家公园以外，你必须要征得土地所有者的允许才可以。 Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite（野营地）seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure. 野营就是一种放松的方式，是一种户外睡眠，并且会经历糟糕的天气，没有现代设备的情况下凑合着生活。一种忙碌，设备齐全的野营地与此正好相悖，因此，要去寻找更小一些并且稍微远一些比较容易到达公共地带或者海滩的地方。Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good nights sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before r